Zambia Public Expenditure Review
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| Author | : Oscar F. Picazo |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 116 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0821378058 |
This book portrays the performance of the health sector in Zambia using quantitative techniques. While there have been a number of health sector assessments in the country, they have relied on qualitative and anecdotal evidence for the most part. For the first time, this pubic expenditure review of the health sector brings together the results of three separate but related analytical efforts: multi-year national health accounts, a public expenditure tracking and quality of service delivery survey, and resource and impact modeling using the Marginal Budgeting for Bottlenecks software. These exercises combine to yield more powerful findings on the weaknesses and prospects of the Zambian health system.
| Author | : Huihui Wang |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 85 |
| Release | : 2022-05-24 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1464818533 |
Nutrition investments affect human capital formation, which in turn affects economic growth. Malnutrition is intrinsically connected to human capital—undernutrition contributes to nearly half of child mortality, and stunting reduces productivity and earnings in adulthood. Improving nutrition requires a multisectoral effort, but it is difficult to identify and quantify the basic financing parameters as used in traditional sectors. What is being spent and by whom and on what? To address these questions, nutrition public expenditure reviews (NPERs) determine the level of a country’s overall nutrition public spending and assess whether its expenditure profile will enable the country to realize its nutrition goals and objectives. When done well, NPERs go beyond simply quantifying how much is spent on nutrition; they measure how well money is being spent to achieve nutrition outcomes and identify specific recommendations for improvement. A Guiding Framework for Nutrition Public Expenditure Reviews presents the key elements of an NPER and offers guidance, practical steps, and examples for carrying out an NPER. The book draws upon good practices from past NPERs as well as common practices and expertise from public expenditure reviews in other sectors. This handbook is intended for practitioners who are tasked with carrying out NPERs. Other target audiences include country nutrition policy makers, development partner officials, government technical staff, and nutrition advocates. The book presents data and analytical challenges faced by previous NPER teams and lays out the kinds of analyses that past NPERs have been able to carry out and those that they were unable to perform because of data or capacity constraints. It concludes with further work needed at the global and country levels to create the conditions necessary to conduct more comprehensive NPERs.
| Author | : Jens Kromann Kristensen |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 168 |
| Release | : 2019-11-24 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 146481466X |
This project, based on the Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA) data set, researched how PEFA can be used to shape policy development in public financial management (PFM) and other major relevant policy areas such as anticorruption, revenue mobilization, political economy analysis, and fragile states. The report explores what shapes the PFM system in low- and middle-income countries by examining the relationship between political institutions and the quality of the PFM system. Although the report finds some evidence that multiple political parties in control of the legislature is associated with better PFM performance, the report finds the need to further refine and test the theories on the relationship between political institutions and PFM. The report addresses the question of the outcomes of PFM systems, distinguishing between fragile and nonfragile states. It finds that better PFM performance is associated with more reliable budgets in terms of expenditure composition in fragile states, but not aggregate budget credibility. Moreover, in contrast to existing studies, it finds no evidence that PFM quality matters for deficit and debt ratios, irrespective of whether a country is fragile or not. The report also explores the relationship between perceptions of corruption and PFM performance. It finds strong evidence of a relationship between better PFM performance and improvements in perceptions of corruption. It also finds that PFM reforms associated with better controls have a stronger relationship with improvements in perceptions of corruption compared to PFM reforms associated with more transparency. The last chapter looks at the relationship between PEFA indicators for revenue administration and domestic resource mobilization. It focuses on the credible use of penalties for noncompliance as a proxy for the type of political commitment required to improve tax performance. The analysis shows that countries that credibly enforce penalties for noncompliance collect more taxes on average.
| Author | : Mink, Stephen D. |
| Publisher | : Intl Food Policy Res Inst |
| Total Pages | : 52 |
| Release | : 2016-04-15 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : |
This paper examines whether the consensus reached by the late 2000s among African Union member countries and their external partners on the need to reverse the decades-long decline in spending for essential public goods and services in agriculture has begun to result inimproved levels and quality of national expenditure programs for the sector. It synthesizes evidence from 20 Agriculture Public Expenditure Reviews (Ag PERs) that have been carried out in countries in Africa South of the Saharan (Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Madagascar, Mozambique, Rwanda, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, and Zambia) with World Bank assistance during 2009–2015. This synthesis focuses on several measures: (1) the level of expenditures on agriculture, with particular reference to the explicit target by African heads of state in the 2003 Maputo Declaration on Agriculture and Food Security (reconfirmed in the Malabo Declaration) to allocate 10 percent of national budgets to the sector; (2) the composition and priorities of expenditures with respect to stated national strategies, evidence of impact, and sustainability; and (3) budget planning and implementation that aims to strengthen public financial management in general, and budget coherence, outputs, outcomes, and supporting mechanisms, such as procurement and audit, in particular. This paper uses Ag PERs to analyze budgetary trends across countries, identifies major expenditure issues, and synthesizes lessons regarding spending efficiency. The analysis results in evidence-based recommendations that address, inter alia, budget planning, budget execution, and monitoring for accountability; the creation of a reliable database; more effective intra-and intersectoral coordination; and the cost-effectiveness of different spending policies for meeting various objectives
| Author | : Antoine Schwartz |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 92 |
| Release | : 1990 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : |
Bank experience with--and ways to improve--the analysis of education issues in public expenditure reviews (PERs).
| Author | : Bernard Harborne |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 334 |
| Release | : 2017-03-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1464807671 |
Securing Development: Public Finance and the Security Sector highlights the role of public finance in the delivery of security and criminal justice services. This book offers a framework for analyzing public financial management, financial transparency, and oversight, as well as expenditure policy issues that determine how to most appropriately manage security and justice services. The interplay among security, justice, and public finance is still a relatively unexplored area of development. Such a perspective can help security actors provide more professional, effective, and efficient security and justice services for citizens, while also strengthening systems for accountability. The book is the result of a project undertaken jointly by staff from the World Bank and the United Nations, integrating the disciplines where each institution holds a comparative advantage and a core mandate. The primary audience includes government officials bearing both security and financial responsibilities, staff of international organizations working on public expenditure management and security sector issues, academics, and development practitioners working in an advisory capacity.
| Author | : Henry J. Bruton |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 182 |
| Release | : 1996-01-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780821336809 |
World Bank Technical Paper No. 335. Describes the World Bank's successful interventions in three international river basins--the Indus, the Mekong, and the Aral Sea--to foster riparian dialogue, cooperation, and agreements. The paper highlights the Bank's successes in these basins as model strategies to follow for avoiding the adverse impacts that riparian conflicts may have on economic development in other regions.
| Author | : Margaret Koziol |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 82 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0821385194 |
Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys help identify delays in financial and in-kind transfers, leakages, and other inefficiencies in government programs. This guidebook provides a starting point for civil society and other organizations interested in taking a closer look at government spending processes, both on a small and a larger scale.
| Author | : Sanjay Pradhan |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 150 |
| Release | : 1996-01-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780821336335 |
World Bank Discussion Paper No. 318. Analyzes the condition needed for achieving sustainable private sector growth in the Visegrad countries--the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and the Slovak Republic. The analysis focuses on the legal and regulatory framework and institutional capacity, the privatization of state enterprises, and private sector development.
| Author | : Stefano Paternostro |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 39 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Absolute Poverty |
| ISBN | : |
Abstract: Public spending has effects which are complex to trace and difficult to quantify. But the composition of public expenditure has become the key instrument by which development agencies seek to promote economic development. In recent years, the development assistance to heavily indebted poor countries (HIPCs) has been made conditional on increased expenditure on categories that are thought to be "pro-poor". This paper responds to the growing concern being expressed about the conceptual foundations and the empirical basis for the belief that poverty can be reduced through targeted public spending. While it is widely accepted that growth and redistribution are important sources of reduction in absolute poverty, a review of the literature confirms the lack of an appropriate theoretical framework for assessing the impact of public spending on growth as well as poverty. There is a need to combine principles of both public economics and growth theory to develop appropriate theoretical guidance for public expenditure policy. This paper identifies a number of approaches that are beginning to address this gap. Building on these approaches, it proposes a framework that has its foundation in a broadly articulated development strategy and its economic goals such as growth, equity, and poverty reduction. It recommends the use of public economics principles to clarify the roles of the private and public sectors and to recognize the complementarity of spending, taxation, and regulatory instruments available to affect public policy. With regard to the impact of any given type of public spending, policy recommendations must be tailored to countries and be based on empirical analysis that takes account of the lags and leads in their effects on equity and growth and ultimately on poverty. The paper sketches out such a framework as the first step in what will have to be a longer-term research agenda to provide theoretically and empirically robust and verifiable guidance to public spending policy.
