Whale Call Data For The North Pacific
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| Author | : William A. Watkins |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 100 |
| Release | : 2001 |
| Genre | : Bioacoustics |
| ISBN | : |
Since November 1995, the U.S. Navy's Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS) and other hydrophone arrays were used to regularly sample the occurrence of whale sounds in four regions bordering the continental margins across the North Pacific. The numbers of whales heard calling varied with season and location for each species, blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus), fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus), and humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). For blue whales, calling during the fall season averaged 5 whales per event, winter averaged 1.5 whales per event, spring averaged 1 whale, and summer averaged 1.5 whales. For fin whales the numbers of whales heard ('F' calls from individuals) during winter averaged 3 whales per event, spring and fall calling averaged 1.5 whales, and summer averaged 1 whale. The 'J' calling events, regardless of season, were judged to be from at least 6 fin whales. Humpback singing typically was from 3 whales. These number demonstrated seasonal variations in calling whales for each region.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 156 |
| Release | : 2000 |
| Genre | : Blue whale |
| ISBN | : |
Calls of blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus), fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus), and humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) were identified in the data from U.S. Navy Sound Surveilance System (SOSUS) and other hydrophone arrays. These data on calling whales from November 1995 through July 1999 have been listed here for four offshore, deep-water Regions along continental margins of the North and Northeast Pacific. The occurrence of calling whales was monitored during two-day periods each week. Call data recorded from each array identified species, call occurrence, variation, received beam, and relative numbers of calling whales. This allowed assessment of seasonal distribution of calls for the different species, and provided locations for sources received at multiple arrays. Blue whale tonal sounds were distributed widely, received most in the NW Region, with a peak in occurrence in the fall. Fin whale "20-Hz" repetitive pulse sequences were received from whales grouped in local areas in all Regions, with a peak in occurrence in midwinter. Humpback songs were received from December through May particularly in the SE Region. The offshore listening systems allowed basin-wide monitoring of the seasonal distribution of these callng whales.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 156 |
| Release | : 2000 |
| Genre | : Blue whale |
| ISBN | : |
Calls of blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus), fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus), and humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) were identified in the data from U.S. Navy Sound Surveilance System (SOSUS) and other hydrophone arrays. These data on calling whales from November 1995 through July 1999 have been listed here for four offshore, deep-water Regions along continental margins of the North and Northeast Pacific. The occurrence of calling whales was monitored during two-day periods each week. Call data recorded from each array identified species, call occurrence, variation, received beam, and relative numbers of calling whales. This allowed assessment of seasonal distribution of calls for the different species, and provided locations for sources received at multiple arrays. Blue whale tonal sounds were distributed widely, received most in the NW Region, with a peak in occurrence in the fall. Fin whale "20-Hz" repetitive pulse sequences were received from whales grouped in local areas in all Regions, with a peak in occurrence in midwinter. Humpback songs were received from December through May particularly in the SE Region. The offshore listening systems allowed basin-wide monitoring of the seasonal distribution of these callng whales.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 70 |
| Release | : 2000 |
| Genre | : Blue whale |
| ISBN | : |
The seasonal distribution of calling blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) and fin whales (B. physalus), and singing humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) has been analyzed from acoustic data recorded by U.S. Navy Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS) and other hydrophone arrays in the North Pacific. The data from ten arrays were selected as representative of four Regions along the continental margins, labeled Northwest (NW), Northcentral (NC), Northeast (NE), and Southeast (SE). The call data indicate that there is a substantial population of blue whales scattered over the North Pacific and concentrated during the Fall season in the NW and NC Regions. Blue whale calls are recorded in all seasons, particularly in these NW and NC Regions. Fin whales are found in groups but also in relatively large numbers in all Regions, with most calling in the Winter season and in the NC Region, and calling is absent in most Regions during Summer. Fin whale calling includes "F" calls from individuals heard in all seasons and "J" calls from too many whales to separate, particularly prominent in the winter reproductive season. Humpback singing is recorded most in the NC and SE Regions at the time of their Winter/Spring migration. The distribution of singing humpbacks changed in both the NC and SE Regions between the 1996-1997 and 1998-2000 periods.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2002 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
This seventh year of monitoring calling whales via SOSUS hydrophones has continued to provide good data on the seasonal distribution blue, fin and humpback whales across the North Pacific. These data have allowed assessment of annual movements, environmental variability, and changes in call features. These data demonstrate (1) the occurrence and movements of calling components of the populations of these species in the offshore waters across the North Pacific, (2) the changes in these calls, (3) the estimated numbers of calling whales, (3) the correlation of calling with known features of population activities, (4) the annual patterns of offshore whale calling, and (5) tracks for individual whales. These have allowed good forecasts for the occurrence of these strong biological noises.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 16 |
| Release | : 2004 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Long-term monitoring of underwater sounds using U.S. Navy SOSUS and other hydrophone arrays allowed us to follow the seasonal distribution of underwater calls produced by blue, fin and humpback whales across the North Pacific. These new data from this current study have been added to data of previous 7 years' deep-water monitoring, enabling us to document year-to-year variations in marine mammal calling. These data have also been added to the marine mammal sound archive at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Tracking of individual whales has been accomplished using the Navy's deep-water monitoring system as evidenced by the tracking of a unique 52-Hz call, with his current study cumulating a 12 year track The large WHOI sound database provided comparisons and analysis of these sounds. The year-round monitoring of blue whales has uncovered at least two distinct call types which occur in very specific regions in the North Pacific. These data collected across a broad area without the restriction of weather or time of day are invaluable to researchers interested in population trends of marine animals.
| Author | : Lisa Marie Munger |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2007 |
| Genre | : Northern right whale |
| ISBN | : |
"North Pacific right whales (Eubalaena japonica) are critically endangered due to intensive commercial whaling in the 1800s and illegal whaling in the 1960s. Currently the eastern subpopulation probably numbers in the dozens of animals, and little is known about their behavioral ecology. The majority of sightings within the past 50 years have been in the southeastern Bering Sea (SEBS), in shallow waters (200 m) over the continental shelf. Moored, passive acoustic recorders were deployed in the SEBS in 2001, 2002, 2004, and 2005 to monitor the middle shelf for right whale calls and recorded for 2 - 11 months per instrument. Deployments were at or near subsurface moorings that recorded oceanographic data including temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll fluorescence. Techniques were developed for efficiently detecting right whale calls in a large data set, and calling behavior was investigated on daily and seasonal scales. Acoustic properties of right whale calls and their propagation on the SEBS shelf were estimated and temporal patterns in right whale calling were examined in relation to oceanographic variables. Automated call detection was useful at guiding analysts to bouts of right whale calling and additional calls were found by manually searching. Right whales occurred in the SEBS as early as May and as late as December. Calling rates were significantly higher during darkness than during daylight, suggesting a relationship to behavior that may vary diurnally, such as foraging. Right whale call source levels were within ranges reported for other balaenid whale species, and calls propagated for long distances (100 km) on the SEBS middle shelf. Right whales were detected earlier in years with early ice retreat and a late spring bloom and intermittently throughout summer and fall in all years with recording effort. Peak right whale calling rates and the most days per month with calls were in late summer. We hypothesize that right whale occurrence is linked to environmental variables via bottom-up control on production and distribution of copepods, their primary prey. These results are relevant to conservation and form the basis for future investigations of right whale calling behavior and its relationship to habitat use"--Leaves xvi-xvii
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : DIANE Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 45 |
| Release | : |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 1428995188 |
| Author | : Kathleen Mary Stafford |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 176 |
| Release | : 2001 |
| Genre | : Blue whale |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Kathleen M. Stafford |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 25 |
| Release | : 2007 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Unclassified historic acoustic data were used to examine long time scale changes in the seasonal and geographic occurrence of large whales in the Pacific and to correlate these changes with oceanographic variables such as sea surface temperature, chlorophyll a, etc. Distribution of northeastern Pacific blue whales (as indicated by the numbers of their calls), while insignificantly related to SST, did show a clear seasonal pattern both to chl a concentration (negative) and to the mixed layer depth (positive). It was speculated that the negative correlation with chl a might be due to a lag from primary to secondary productivity: as phytoplankton are eaten by zooplankton (which in turn become available to whales), the overall amount of chl a decreases. It is recommended that in collaboration with other agencies hydrophones be deployed in the northeastern Gulf of Alaska to provide current information on the occurrence of vocally active whale species, including low frequency baleen whales and higher frequency odontocetes. A likely time might be during the Northern Edge 2008 exercise in Prince William Sound. Meanwhile, a new efficient, low-power, low-cost recorder that can be easily deployed, in an array with other instruments or independently, from a mid-size vessel is being developed.
