"DoD utilized the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) to help meet Operation Desert Shield/Storm requirements. Commercial carriers flew in excess of 4,700 missions in moving units, equipment, and resupply material. The call-up of aircraft proved particularly troublesome both to MAC (which did not necessarily need all of the capability of an entire CRAF stage) and to the carriers (whose aircraft were not always fully utilized once activated). We propose that DoD discard the use of staged activations; create discrete aircraft requirements categories or segments (e.g., long-range international cargo); select aircraft capability from each segment according to need; use a lottery system to spread volunteer awards and activation burdens among the carriers; and establish new authority levels for calling up aircraft. We believe that this proposed call-up procedure - along with recommendations concerning the senior lodger program, crew ratios, national defense features, and war risk insurance coverage - will strengthen th CRAF Program."--Stinet.