The Secretary of the Army established an independent Commission on Army Acquisition and Program Management in Expeditionary Operations to review the lessons learned in recent operations and provide forward-looking recommendations to ensure that future military operations achieve greater effectiveness, efficiency, and transparency. The Commission assessed process (including internal controls), personnel, organization, training, policy and regulation, as well as explored legislative solutions, to ensure that the Army is properly equipped for future expeditionary operations. The "Operational Army" is expeditionary and on a war footing, but does not yet fully recognize the impact of contractors in expeditionary operations and on mission success, as evidenced by poor requirements definition. The Commission found that the following critical segments of the "Institutional Army" have not adapted in order to enable responsive acquisitions and sustainment for expeditionary operations. Specifically: 1) Financial management; 2) Civilian and military personnel; 3) Contracting and contract management; 4) Training and education; 5) Doctrine, regulations, and processes. These key failures encumber the Army acquisition system's performance and have significantly contributed to the waste, fraud, and abuse in-theater by Army personnel.