Basic Concepts of Probability and Statistics in the Law

Basic Concepts of Probability and Statistics in the Law
Author: Michael O. Finkelstein
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 174
Release: 2009-06-04
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0387875018

When as a practicing lawyer I published my ?rst article on statistical evidence in 1966, the editors of the Harvard Law Review told me that a mathematical equa- 1 tion had never before appeared in the review. This hardly seems possible - but if they meant a serious mathematical equation, perhaps they were right. Today all that has changed in legal academia. Whole journals are devoted to scienti?c methods in law or empirical studies of legal institutions. Much of this work involves statistics. Columbia Law School, where I teach, has a professor of law and epidemiology and other law schools have similar “law and” professorships. Many offer courses on statistics (I teach one) or, more broadly, on law and social science. The same is true of practice. Where there are data to parse in a litigation, stat- ticians and other experts using statistical tools now frequently testify. And judges must understand them. In 1993, in its landmark Daubert decision, the Supreme Court commanded federal judges to penetrate scienti?c evidence and ?nd it “re- 2 liable” before allowing it in evidence. It is emblematic of the rise of statistics in the law that the evidence at issue in that much-cited case included a series of epidemiological studies. The Supreme Court’s new requirement made the Federal Judicial Center’s Reference Manual on Scienti?c Evidence, which appeared at about the same time, a best seller. It has several important chapters on statistics.

Exxon

Exxon
Author: Neela Banerjee
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2015
Genre: Climatic changes
ISBN: 9781518718670

Relying on primary sources dating back to the 1970s, describes how Exxon conducted cutting-edge climate research and then, without revealing what it had learned, worked at the forefront of climate-change denial, manufacturing doubt about the scientific consensus that its own research had confirmed.--Adapted from publisher's description.

Corporation 2020

Corporation 2020
Author: Pavan Sukhdev
Publisher: Penguin UK
Total Pages: 320
Release: 2012-10-01
Genre: Literary Collections
ISBN: 8184759630

Business as usual’ isn’t working. There is an emerging consensus that all is not well with today’s market-centric economic model. Although it has delivered wealth over the last half-century and pulled millions out of poverty, it is recession-prone, leaves too many people unemployed, creates ecological scarcities and environmental risks, and widens the gap between the rich and the poor. In Corporation 2020, Pavan Sukhdev lays out a sweeping new vision for tomorrow’s corporation: one that will increase human well being and social equity, decrease environmental risks and ecological losses, and still generate profit. Sukhdev illustrates his vision with examples ranging from Infosys’s creation of human capital to Citibank’s having to change its project finance policy due to rainforest destruction. From its insightful look into the history of the corporation to the thoughtful discussion of the steps needed to craft a better corporate model, Corporation 2020 offers a hopeful vision for the role of business in shaping a more equitable, sustainable future.

International Farm Animal, Wildlife and Food Safety Law

International Farm Animal, Wildlife and Food Safety Law
Author: Gabriela Steier
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 878
Release: 2017-01-09
Genre: Law
ISBN: 3319180029

This volume is an inspiring and breakthrough piece of academic scholarship and the first of its kind featuring a comprehensive reader-friendly approach to teach the intricacies of the various aspects of international farm animal, wildlife conservation, food safety and environmental protection law. The selected focus areas are grouped in sections, such as agrobiodiversity, fishing and aquaculture, pollinators and pesticides, soil management, industrial animal production and transportation, and international food trade. Farm animal welfare, environmental protection, biodiversity conservation, and food safety are the core of the selected chapters. Every chapter provides real-world examples to make the complex field easy to understand. With its systematic approach, this book is devoted to anyone interested in the subject, becomes a valuable resource for professionals working in food regulation, and provides a solid foundation for courses and master’s programs in animal law, environmental policy, food and agriculture law, and regulation of these subjects around the world. Through its emphasis on sustainable food production, this work offers a cutting-edge selection of evolving topics at the heart of the pertinent discourse. As one of its highlights, this books also provides “Tools for Change,” a unique compilation and analysis of laws from the major farm animal product trading nations. With these tools, practitioners, advocates, policy makers and other state-holders are equipped with information to start work toward improving farm animal welfare, wildlife conservation, and food safety through the use of law and policy.

Environmental Communication and the Public Sphere

Environmental Communication and the Public Sphere
Author: Phaedra C. Pezzullo
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Total Pages: 554
Release: 2017-10-24
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 1506363571

The Fifth Edition of the award-winning Environmental Communication and the Public Sphere is the first comprehensive introduction to the growing field of environmental communication. This groundbreaking book focuses on the role that human communication plays in influencing the ways we perceive the environment. It also examines how we define what constitutes an environmental problem and how we decide what actions to take concerning the natural world. The updated and revised Fifth Edition includes recent developments, such as water protectors and the Dakota Access Pipeline, the Flint Water Crisis, and the March for Science, along with the latest research and developments in environmental communication.

Statistics for Lawyers

Statistics for Lawyers
Author: Michael O. Finkelstein
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 631
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1461233283

Statistics for Lawyers presents the science of statistics in action at the cutting edge of legal problems. A series of more than 90 case studies, drawn principally from actual litigation, have been selected to illustrate important areas of the law in which statistics has played a role and to demonstrate a variety of statistical tools. Some case studies raise legal issues that are being intensely debated and lie at the edge of the law. Of particular note are problems involving toxic torts, employment discrimination, stock market manipulation, paternity, tax legislation, and drug testing. The case studies are presented in the form of legal/statistical puzzles to challenge the reader and focus discussion on the legal implications of statistical findings. The techniques range from simple averaging for the estimation of thefts from parking meters to complex logistic regression models for the demonstration of discrimination in the death penalty. Excerpts of data allow the reader to compute statistical results and an appendix contains the authors' calculations.

Civil Appeals

Civil Appeals
Author: Michael Burton
Publisher: Xpl Pub
Total Pages: 600
Release: 2011-12-01
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9781858113791

Any practitioner faced with the decision as to whether to appeal, or who has questions arising at each stage, will benefit enormously from a book that examines the law, principles, procedures, and processes involved. This leading work has been updated and restructured, to ensure it provides guidance on the complete and complex process of making a civil appeal. Clearly written and cross referenced, the books UK/European coverage of appeals includes: -- District Judges to Circuit Judges in the County Court -- Masters and District Judges to High Court Judges -- Court of Appeal -- House of Lords -- Privy Council -- The European Court -- The European Court of Human Rights -- Administrative Law and Elections