Theoretical Aspects And New Developments In Magneto Optics
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| Author | : J.T. Devreese |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 625 |
| Release | : 2013-06-29 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1489904549 |
The Advanced Study Institute on "Theoretical Aspects and New Developments in Magneto-Optics" was held at the University of Antwerpen (R.U.C.A.), from July 16 to July 28, 1979. The Institute was sponsored by NATO. Co-sponsors were: Agfa-Gevaert (Belgium), A.S.L.K. (Belgium), Bell Telephone Mfg. CO. (Belgium), Esso Belgium, Generale Bankmaatschappij (Belgium), General Motors (Belgium), I.B.M. (Belgium), Kredietbank (Belgium), Metallurgie Hoboken-Over pelt (Belgium), National Science Foundation (U.S.A). A total of 60 lecturers and participants attended the Institute. Scope of the Institute The magneto-optic phenomena are due to the change of the polarizability of a substance as a result of the splitting of the quantized energy bands. Most of these phenomena were discovered during the second half of this century. The understanding of the magneto-optical effects of all kinds, however, was brought by the advent of quantum mechanics, and since then important progress has been made in many fields of experimental methods and techniques.
| Author | : Sonja Krause |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 515 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1468439146 |
The Advanced Study Institute on Molecular Electro-Optics was held on the campus of the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA, from July 14 through July 24, 1980. This Advanced Study Institute was attended by sixteen invited lecturers and by forty-eight other participants. The present volume contains the texts of all of the invited lectures presented at the Institute. Although these lectures were supplemented by many animated discussions and by numerous short contributed papers, it was not possible to include these in the present volume. Molecular electro-optics is a difficult subject for research because it incorporates areas of theoretical physics such as elec tromagnetic theory and hydrodynamics of rotational diffusion, ex perimental physics such as lasers, optics, electric pulsers, and data collection via analog to digital converters and signal aver agers, and physical chemistry of macromolecules and colloids in solution (colloid science, biophysical chemistry, double layer polarization). This volume includes chapters on all of these subjects as well as introductions to magnets-optics and to elec trophoretic light scattering. The Advanced Study Institute was sponsored mainly by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization whose financial support made this meeting possible. Additional financial aid was supplied by the National Institutes of Health of the USA through their Fogarty International Center and the National Institute for Arthritis, Metabolism, and Digestive Diseases. Industrial contri buters consisted of the General Electric Company, Cober Electronics, and Malvern Scientific Corporation.
| Author | : Satoru Sugano |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 343 |
| Release | : 2013-03-09 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 366204143X |
Edited by two pioneers of magneto-optics, this book is designed to provide graduate students and researchers with an introductory state-of-the-art review of recent developments in this subject. The field encompasses important areas in solid-state physics, chemical physics and electrical engineering. The book deals with optical spectroscopy of paramagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and ferromagnetic materials, photo-induced magnetism and their applications to opto-electronics.
| Author | : Naval Research Laboratory (U.S.) |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 628 |
| Release | : 1979 |
| Genre | : Naval research |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Kenneth E. Gray |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 702 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1468439359 |
The importance of phonons has long been recognized by research ers in nonequilibrium superconductivity. Similarly, experimentalists studying phonons at low temperatures have relied heavily on supercon ductors as sources and detectors. To a large extent this symbiotic relationship has developed with a general mutual awareness; however, to our knowledge these subjects have never been treated together in conferences or study institutes. It was with the hope of further contributing to the awareness and communication between workers in these areas that this NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI) has been conceived. A second, but equally important, reason for holding this ASI is to fill a void by providing the first general textbook in this important area of physics. Therefore, there was an emphasis on the tutorial nature of the lectures and written contributions to this textbook. It should not go unnoticed that the experimental and theoretical concepts covered in this textbook are of paramount importance to the various applications of superconductors. Almost by definition, the use of a superconductor implies a nonequilibrium state! For example, phonon conduction to the helium bath is important in devices ranging from microscopic Josephson junctions to large scale magnets and transmission lines. Knowledge of the more fundamental nonequilibrium effects can aid in our understanding of devices as well as provide the potential for entirely new applications.
| Author | : J.T. Devreese |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 483 |
| Release | : 2013-06-29 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1461326931 |
The 1982 Antwerp Advanced Study Institute on "Physics of Polarons and Excitons in Polar Semiconductors and Ionic Crystals" took place from July 26 till August 5 at the Conference Center Priorij Corsen donk, a restored monastery, close to the city of Antwerp. It was the seventh Institute in our series which started in 1971. This Advanced Study Institute, which was held fifty years after Landau introduced the polaron concept, can be considered as the third major international symposium devoted to the physics of pola rons. The first such symposium took place in St. Andrews in 1962 under the title "Polarons and Excitons" [I]. The early theoretical developments related to polarons were reviewed in depth at this meeting; the derivation of the polaron hamiltonian by Frohlich, the Frohlich weak coupling theory (and the equivalent weak coupling canonical transformations), the Landau-Pekar and Bogolubov strong coupling theory and the Feynman polaron model formulated with his path integrals. The main emphasis was on the polaron self-energy, effective mass and mobility. From the experimental side the first evidence for polaron effects was provided by the pioneering cyclotron and mobility measurements o~ the silver halides by F. e. Brown and his group. Also the significance of polaron effects for the under standing of excitons in ionic crystals was a central topic in St. Andrews. The second Advanced Study Institute concerning polaron physics was organized at the University of Antwerp (R. U. C. A.
| Author | : B.K. Tanner |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 615 |
| Release | : 2013-04-17 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1475711263 |
This book contains the proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute entitled "Characterization of Crystal Growth Defects by X-ray Methods' held in the University of Durham, England from 29th August to 10th September 1979. The current interest in electronic materials, in particular silicon, gallium aluminium arsenide, and quartz, and the recent availability of synchrotron radiation for X-ray diffraction studies made this Advanced Study Institute particularly timely. Two main themes ran through the course: 1. A survey of the various types of defect occurring in crystal growth, the mechanism of their different methods of generation and their influence on the properties of relativelY perfect crystals. 2. A detailed and advanced course on the observation and characterization of such defects by X-ray methods. The main emphasis was on X-ray topographic techniques but a substantial amount of time was spent on goniometric techniques such as double crystal diffractometry and gamma ray diffraction. The presentation of material in this book reflects these twin themes. Section A is concerned with defects, Section C with techniques and in linking them. Section B provides a concise account of the basic theory necessary for the interpretation of X-ray topographs and diffractometric data. Although the sequence follows roughly the order of presentation at the Advanced Study Institute certain major changes have been made in order to improve the pedagogy. In particular, the first two chapters provide a vital, and seldom articulated, case for the need for characterization for crystals used in device technologies.
| Author | : Peter G. Bergmann |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 508 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1461331234 |
For the Sixth Course of the International School of Cosmology and Gravitation of the "Ettore Maj orana" Centre for Scientific Cul ture we choose as the principal topics torsion and supergravity, because in our opinion it is one of the principal tasks of today's theoretical physics to attempt to link together the theory of ele mentary particles and general relativity. Our aim was to delineate the present status of the principal efforts directed toward this end, and to explore possible directions of work in the near future. Efforts to incorporate spin as a dynamic variable into the foundations of the theory of gravitation were poineered by E. Cartan, whose contributions to this problem go back half a century. Accord ing to A. Trautman this so-called Einstein-Cartan theory is the sim plest and most natural modification of Einstein's 1916 theory. F. Hehl has contributed a very detailed and comprehensive analysis of this topic, original view of non-Riemannian space-time. Characteristic of Einstein-Cartan theories is the enrichment of Riemannian geometry by torsion, the non-symmetric part of the otherwise metric-compatible affine connection. Torsion has a impact on the theory of elementary particles. According to V. de Sabbata, weak interactions can be based on the Einstein-Cartan geometry, in that the Lagrangian describing weak interactions and torsion inter- action possess analogous structures, leading to a unification of weak and gravitational forces.
| Author | : Maurice Lévy |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 729 |
| Release | : 2013-04-17 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 146847197X |
The 1979 Cargese Summer Institute on Quarks and Leptons was organized by the Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris (M. LEVY and J.-L. BASDEVANT), CERN (M. JACOB), the Universite Catholi~ue de Louvain (D. SPEISER and J. WEYERS), and the Katholieke Universiteit te Leuven (R. GASTMANS), who, like in 1975 and 1977, had joined their efforts and worked in common. It was the 20th Summer Institute held at Cargese and the 5th one organized by the two institutes of theoretical physics at Leuven and Louvain-la Neuve. This time, the school was dominated by the impressive advances which were made in the field of perturbative ~uantum chromodyna mics and its applications to high energy phenomena involving strongly interacting particles. The unification of weak and electromagnetic interactions being well established, a new picture in particle physics emerges wherein a possible unification of weak, electromagnetic, and strong forces is put forward. Its conse~uences were also discussed in detail. Finally, to complete the picture of the present status of high energy physics, experi mentalists from the major laboratories around the world reported on the latest developments in electron-positron scattering, neutrino induced reactions, and hadron collisions. We owe many thanks to all those who have made this Summer Institute possible! Thanks are due to the Scientific Committee of NATO and its President for a generous grant and especially to the head of the Scientific Affairs Division, Dr. M. DI LULLO for his constant help and encouragements.
| Author | : Baldassare Di Bartolo |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 555 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1461331749 |
This book presents an account of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Radiationless Processes," held in Erice, Italy, from November 18 to December 1, 1979. This meeting was organized by the International School of Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy of the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture. The objective of the Institute was to formulate a comprehensive treatment of the various processes by which molecules and crystals in excited electronic levels relax nonradiatively to the ground level. A total of 83 participants came from 62 laboratories and 22 nations (Australia, Belgium, Brasil, Canada, Czechoslovakia, France, F. R. Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Mexico, The Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, and U.S.S.R.). The secretaries of the Institute were: Velda Goldberg for the scientific aspects and Antonino La Francesca for the administrative aspects of the meeting. Eleven series of lectures for a total of 36 hours were given. Nine "long" seminars and 7 "short" seminars were also presented. In addition, two informal seminars and 2 round-table discussions were held. After an introductory overview of the theory of radiation1ess processes, the Institute dealt firstly with the interaction of electrons with the distribution of vibrational modes in simple molecules, then with the increasingly complex situation found in large lsolated molecules, gnd finally with the coupling of excited electrons with the continuous phonon distribution in insulating solids.
