The Zaza Kurds of Turkey

The Zaza Kurds of Turkey
Author: Mehmed S. Kaya
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 287
Release: 2011-05-30
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1786729563

Turkey, at the very intersection of Europe and the Middle East, comprises a plethora of ethnicities and minority groups. There is however very little official data about many of its chief minorities. The Zazas are one such group: a Kurdish people speaking the Zaza dialect, and living as a distinct people in the eastern Anatolian provinces. Originally followers of Zoroastrianism from c.700 BC, over the centuries the Zazas converted, often by force, to Sunni Islam or Alevism, which remain the key faiths of the Zazas today. While many Zazas have migrated to Turkey's major cities and beyond, the majority of the population remain in rural eastern Anatolia and have retained a society and culture largely untouched by the influences of the modern world. Mehmet S. Kaya here provides a thorough investigation of all aspects of Zaza life, including kinship, economy, culture, identity, gender relations, patriarchy and religion. His fieldwork among local communities in the Zaza area, together with insights drawn from the Kurdish and Turkish media, sheds light upon the ways in which this Middle Eastern minority has maintained its way of life and cultural identity. He observes the ways in which the Zazas govern their problems and conflicts outside of official legal administration and courts; the factors which make Zaza society adhere in the absence of formal authority; and the role of religion in daily Zaza life. Kaya also examines the concept of the Zazas as a 'stateless' people, and looks at the issue of the oppression of minority ethnic identities in the context of Turkish nationalism. The Zaza Kurds of Turkey provides access to the world of a little-known people who have so far been largely neglected in the academic literature. This important study will be of interest to the fields of Middle East Studies, Islamic Studies, Anthropology, and Minority and Diaspora Studies.

The Cambridge History of the Kurds

The Cambridge History of the Kurds
Author: Hamit Bozarslan
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 1027
Release: 2021-04-22
Genre: History
ISBN: 1108583016

The Cambridge History of the Kurds is an authoritative and comprehensive volume exploring the social, political and economic features, forces and evolution amongst the Kurds, and in the region known as Kurdistan, from the fifteenth to the twenty-first century. Written in a clear and accessible style by leading scholars in the field, the chapters survey key issues and themes vital to any understanding of the Kurds and Kurdistan including Kurdish language; Kurdish art, culture and literature; Kurdistan in the age of empires; political, social and religious movements in Kurdistan; and domestic political developments in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Other chapters on gender, diaspora, political economy, tribes, cinema and folklore offer fresh perspectives on the Kurds and Kurdistan as well as neatly meeting an exigent need in Middle Eastern studies. Situating contemporary developments taking place in Kurdish-majority regions within broader histories of the region, it forms a definitive survey of the history of the Kurds and Kurdistan.

The Kurds of Turkey

The Kurds of Turkey
Author: Cuma Çiçek
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 368
Release: 2016-12-22
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1786731096

In fact, Kurds in Turkey have many diverse political and ideological orientations. Focusing on the elites of these informal groups - national, religious and economic - Cuma Cicek analyses the consequences of the divisions and subsequent prospects of consensus building. Using an innovative theoretical framework founded on constructivism, the 'three 'I's' model and various strands of sociology, Cicek considers the dynamics that affect the Kurds in Turkey across issues as diverse as the central state, geopolitics, nationalism, Europeanisation and globalisation. In so doing, he examines the consensus-building process of 1999-2015 and presents the possible route to a unified Kurdish political state.Cicek's in-depth and meticulously researched work adds an indispensable layer of nuance to our conception of the Kurdish community. This is an important book for students or researchers with an interest in the history and present of the Kurds and their future in Turkey and across the Middle East.

English / Cherokee Dictionary

English / Cherokee Dictionary
Author: John C. Rigdon
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 238
Release: 2017-03-14
Genre:
ISBN: 9781544678016

Cherokee is a Southern Iroquoian language now spoken by around 22,500 people in North Carolina, Oklahoma, and Arkansas. In 2005, the Cherokee Preservation Foundation funded a survey whose results indicated that only 460 fluent speakers were then living in Eastern Cherokee communities, with 72 percent of them over the age of 50 and elder speakers dying far more quickly than new speakers were emerging. By 2015 that number was down to 215. The process of revitalizing the language is complex. While it has been spoken for hundreds of years, there is little in written form that can be used for instruction and few people are trained in teaching it. Cherokees are the only Native American People who possess a writing system equivalent to the European alphabet. The Cherokee syllabary is the only alphabet in history attributed to be the work of one man, George Gist, known to the world as Sequoyah. Although he did not speak or read the English language, he understood the power of the written word. At first Sequoyah experimented with a writing system based on logograms, but found this cumbersome and unsuitable for Cherokee. He later developed a syllabary which was originally cursive and hand-written, but it was too difficult and expensive to produce a printed version, so he devised a new version with symbols based on letters from the Latin alphabet and Western numerals. After twelve years of dedicated work, Sequoyah finished the Cherokee syllabary in 1821. He spent the rest of his life teaching his people how to read and spell. By 1820 thousands of Cherokees had learned the syllabary, and by 1830, 90% were literate in their own language. Books, religious texts, almanacs and newspapers were all published using the syllabary, which was widely used for over 100 years. Today the syllabary is still used; efforts are being made to revive both the Cherokee language and Syllabary. Increasing numbers of Cherokee descendants are renewing their ties with their traditions, history and language. With this renewal comes the understanding that their Cherokee heritage must be preserved and passed on to the next generation. Cherokee courses are offered at a number of schools, colleges and universities. This dictionary contains over 5,000 English terms with their Cherokee translation and transliteration. It also includes a Cherokee / English index. We also publish a Spanish / Cherokee Dictionary and an English / Cherokee Phrasebook. Check our website for availability. http: //www.wordsrus.info/chr/index.php

The Kurds

The Kurds
Author: Fāliḥ ʻAbd al-Jabbār
Publisher: Saqi Books
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2006
Genre: Education
ISBN:

A landmark study of ethnicity and self-determination in the case of the Kurds.

The PKK

The PKK
Author: Doctor Paul White
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 218
Release: 2015-08-15
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 178360039X

The Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) is infamous for its violence. The struggle it has waged for Kurdish independence in southeastern Turkey has cost in excess of 40,000 lives since 1984. A less-known fact, however, is that the PKK now embraces a non-violent end to the conflict, with its leader Abdullah Öcalan having ordered a ceasefire and engaging in a negotiated peace with the Ankara government. Whether these tentative attempts at peacemaking mean an end to the bloodshed remains to be seen, but either way the ramifications for Turkey and the wider region are potentially huge. Charting the ideological evolution of the PKK, as well as its origins, aims and structure, Paul White provides the only authoritative and up-to-date analysis of one of the most important non-state political players in the contemporary Middle East.

The Kurds

The Kurds
Author: Philip G. Kreyenbroek
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 402
Release: 2005-08-17
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1134907656

The position of the 19 million Kurds is an extremely complex one. Their territory is divided between 5 sovereign states, none of which have a Kurdish majority. They speak widely divergent dialects, and are also divided by religious affiliations and social factors. It has taken the tragic and horrifying events in Iraq this year to bring the Kurds to the centre of the world stage, but their particular problems, and their considerable geo-political importance, have been the source of growing concern and interest during the last two to three decades. There is a remarkable dearth of reliable and up-to-date information about the Kurds, which this book remedies. Its contributors cover social and political issues, legal questions, religion, language, and the modern history of Kurds in Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Syria and the Soviet Union. The Kurds will be an invaluable source of reference for students and specialists in Middle East studies, and those concerned with wider questions of nationalism and cultural identity. It also offers extremely useful background information for those with a professional concern for the numerous Kurdish immigrants and asylum seekers in Western Europe and North America.

Understanding Insurgency

Understanding Insurgency
Author: Francis O'Connor
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 297
Release: 2021-08-26
Genre: History
ISBN: 1108838502

Provides an historical narrative to the PKK (Kurdistan Workers Party) and the relationship between it and its supporters in Turkey.

Alevism as an Ethno-Religious Identity

Alevism as an Ethno-Religious Identity
Author: Celia Jenkins
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 140
Release: 2019-10-23
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1351600990

Until recently the importance of religion in the modern world has often been underestimated in Western societies, whereas its significance is absolutely crucial in the Middle East. Religion is critical to a sense of belonging for communities and nations, and can be a force for unity or division. This is the case for the Alevis, an ethnic and religious community that constitutes approximately 20% of the Turkish population – its second largest religious group. In the current crisis in the Middle East, the heightened religious tensions between Sunnis, Shias and Alawites raise questions about who the Alevis are and where they stand in this conflict. With an ambiguous relationship to Islam, historically Alevis have been treated as a ‘suspect community’ in Turkey and recently, whilst distinct from Alawites, have sympathised with the Assad regime’s secular orientation. The chapters in this book analyse different aspects of Alevi identity in relation to religion, politics, culture, education and national identity, drawing on specialist research in the field. The approach is interdisciplinary and contributes to wider debates concerning ethnicity, religion, migration and trans/national identity within and across ethno-religious boundaries. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the National Identities journal.

A Quest for Equality

A Quest for Equality
Author:
Publisher: Minority Rights Group
Total Pages: 52
Release: 2007
Genre: History
ISBN:

Though Turkey is a land of vast ethnic, linguistic and religious diversity - home not only to Turks, Kurds and Armenians, but also, among others, Alevis, Ezidis, Assyrians, Laz, Caferis, Roma, Rum, Caucasians and Jews, the history of the state is one of severe repression of minorities in the name of nationalism. This report sets current law and practice in Turkey against the backdrop of equivalent international standards on linguistic rights of minorities; freedom of religion, thought and conscience; freedom of expression; freedom of assembly and association; political participation; property rights and anti-discrimination.