Rats, Lice and History

Rats, Lice and History
Author: Hans Zinsser
Publisher: Transaction Publishers
Total Pages: 334
Release: 2011-12-31
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1412815711

When Rats, Lice and History appeared in 1935, Hans Zinsser was a highly regarded Harvard biologist who had never written about historical events. Although he had published under a pseudonym, virtually all of his previous writings had dealt with infections and immunity and had appeared either in medical and scientific journals or in book format. Today he is best remembered as the author of Rats, Lice, and History, which gone through multiple editions and remains a masterpiece of science writing for a general readership. To Zinsser, scientific research was high adventure and the investigation of infectious disease, a field of battle. Yet at the same time he maintained a love of literature and philosophy. His goal in Rats, Lice and History was to bring science, philosophy, and literature together to establish the importance of disease, and especially epidemic infectious disease, as a major force in human affairs. Zinsser cast his work as the "biography" of a disease. In his view, infectious disease simply represented an attempt of a living organism to survive. From a human perspective, an invading pathogen was abnormal; from the perspective of the pathogen it was perfectly normal. This book is devoted to a discussion of the biology of typhus and history of typhus fever in human affairs. Zinsser begins by pointing out that the louse was the constant companion of human beings. Under certain conditions–to wash or to change clothing–lice proliferated. The typhus pathogen was transmitted by rat fleas to human beings, who then transmitted it to other humans and in some strains from human to human. Rats, Lice and History is a tour de force. It combines Zinsser's expertise in biology with his broad knowledge of the humanities

Equinoctial Regions of America V2

Equinoctial Regions of America V2
Author: Alexander Von Humboldt
Publisher: Prabhat Prakashan
Total Pages: 872
Release: 2024-10-21
Genre: Science
ISBN:

Continue your exploration of the natural world with Equinoctial Regions of America Volume 2 by Alexander Von Humboldt. This captivating sequel delves even deeper into the rich tapestry of geography, climate, and biodiversity found throughout the Americas, revealing the interconnectedness of nature and humanity. As Humboldt journeys through the landscapes, he offers profound insights into the ecological and cultural significance of the regions he encounters. His detailed observations illuminate the beauty and complexity of the ecosystems that shape our world.But here's a thought-provoking question: How do our interactions with nature influence our societies? Can understanding the environment lead to greater harmony between humanity and the earth? Humboldt's groundbreaking work serves as a testament to the power of observation and inquiry, inspiring generations of scientists and explorers. His emphasis on the relationships between geography and culture prompts us to reflect on our own connection to the natural world. Are you ready to uncover the secrets of the Americas with Humboldt as your guide?Equinoctial Regions of America Volume 2 is not merely a scientific exploration; it’s an invitation to appreciate the intricate web of life that surrounds us. Whether you are a nature enthusiast or a curious reader, this volume will enlighten and inspire. Don’t miss the opportunity to delve into this remarkable work. Purchase Equinoctial Regions of America Volume 2 now and embark on a journey through the diverse landscapes of the Americas!

The Deeds of the Divine Augustus

The Deeds of the Divine Augustus
Author: Augustus
Publisher:
Total Pages: 30
Release: 2017-04-24
Genre:
ISBN: 9781521147474

Res Gestae Divi Augusti (Eng. The Deeds of the Divine Augustus) is the funerary inscription of the first Roman emperor, Augustus, giving a first-person record of his life and accomplishments. The Res Gestae is especially significant because it gives an insight into the image Augustus portrayed to the Roman people. Various inscriptions of the Res Gestae have been found scattered across the former Roman Empire. The inscription itself is a monument to the establishment of the Julio-Claudian dynasty that was to follow Augustus.The text consists of a short introduction, 35 body paragraphs, and a posthumous addendum. These paragraphs are conventionally grouped in four sections, political career, public benefactions, military accomplishments and a political statement.The first section (paragraphs 2-14) is concerned with Augustus' political career; it records the offices and political honours that he held. Augustus also lists numerous offices he refused to take and privileges he refused to be awarded. The second section (paragraphs 15-24) lists Augustus' donations of money, land and grain to the citizens of Italy and his soldiers, as well as the public works and gladiatorial spectacles that he commissioned. The text is careful to point out that all this was paid for out of Augustus' own funds. The third section (paragraphs 25-33) describes his military deeds and how he established alliances with other nations during his reign. Finally the fourth section (paragraphs 34-35) consists of a statement of the Romans' approval for the reign and deeds of Augustus. The appendix is written in the third person, and likely not by Augustus himself. It summarizes the entire text, and lists various buildings he renovated or constructed; it states that Augustus spent 600 million silver denarii (i.e. 600,000 gold denarii) from his own funds during his reign on public projects. Ancient currencies cannot be reliably converted into modern equivalents, but it is clearly more than anyone else in the Empire could afford. Augustus consolidated his hold on power by reversing the prior tax policy beginning with funding the aerarium militare with 170 million sesterces of his own money.