The main objective of this manual is to detail tree seed research methods that have been gleaned from the literature and from the personal experience of the authors. Following a discussion of planning and organizing a field study, the manual is arranged by subject areas most often associated with field studies of tree seeds: natural seed production, seed dispersal, seed predation, seed banks, assessing seed quality and viability, and effects of silvicultural practices on emergence. Where applicable, information is provided throughout on such matters as experiment design, prediction and measurement methods, data analysis, sampling, equipment used, and field and laboratory testing.