The Oscillating Brain
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| Author | : Timothy D. Sheehan M.D. |
| Publisher | : LifeRich Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 158 |
| Release | : 2016-01-12 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1489705821 |
The Oscillating Brain explains for the first time how the human brain works. Neural oscillation is a form of repetitive activity which is characteristic of complex systems. The brain has extensive reciprocal connections. Reciprocal connectivity is the basis for neural oscillation. While some patterns of neural oscillation are localized (restricted to specific regions of the brain), others involve reciprocal connections between geographically separate areas of the brain permitting more widespread neural network interaction. Neural network oscillation transforms the brains three-pound mass of grey matter into a dynamic medium. Conscious experience involves the integrated interaction of both sensory and motor areas of the brain. Our experience of reality is the product of brain activity. Reality, as it is constructed by our brain, is an inherently simplified version of the world that enables us to respond rapidly to developing situations in a fashion that promotes survival. Our reality is heavily biased by our emotional reactions. We see the world in terms of good and evil and continually strive for good as a means of enhancing our sense of security. However, differences in our experience of good and evil have been a source of human conflict for as long as mankind has been on this planet. Global information networks and our increasing economic interdependence have made these differences increasingly difficult to ignore. Human striving for an absolute level of certainty and security threatens our day-to-day existence. We must learn to recognize the limitations of the human brain.
| Author | : G. Buzsáki |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 465 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0199828237 |
Studies of mechanisms in the brain that allow complicated things to happen in a coordinated fashion have produced some of the most spectacular discoveries in neuroscience. This book provides eloquent support for the idea that spontaneous neuron activity, far from being mere noise, is actually the source of our cognitive abilities. It takes a fresh look at the coevolution of structure and function in the mammalian brain, illustrating how self-emerged oscillatory timing is the brain's fundamental organizer of neuronal information. The small-world-like connectivity of the cerebral cortex allows for global computation on multiple spatial and temporal scales. The perpetual interactions among the multiple network oscillators keep cortical systems in a highly sensitive "metastable" state and provide energy-efficient synchronizing mechanisms via weak links. In a sequence of "cycles," György Buzsáki guides the reader from the physics of oscillations through neuronal assembly organization to complex cognitive processing and memory storage. His clear, fluid writing-accessible to any reader with some scientific knowledge-is supplemented by extensive footnotes and references that make it just as gratifying and instructive a read for the specialist. The coherent view of a single author who has been at the forefront of research in this exciting field, this volume is essential reading for anyone interested in our rapidly evolving understanding of the brain.
| Author | : Paolo Sassone-Corsi |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 141 |
| Release | : 2016-04-04 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3319270699 |
Recent years have seen spectacular advances in the field of circadian biology. These have attracted the interest of researchers in many fields, including endocrinology, neurosciences, cancer, and behavior. By integrating a circadian view within the fields of endocrinology and metabolism, researchers will be able to reveal many, yet-unsuspected aspects of how organisms cope with changes in the environment and subsequent control of homeostasis. This field is opening new avenues in our understanding of metabolism and endocrinology. A panel of the most distinguished investigators in the field gathered together to discuss the present state and the future of the field. The editors trust that this volume will be of use to those colleagues who will be picking up the challenge to unravel how the circadian clock can be targeted for the future development of specific pharmacological strategies toward a number of pathologies.
| Author | : Selma Supek |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 999 |
| Release | : 2014-08-07 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3642330452 |
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is an invaluable functional brain imaging technique that provides direct, real-time monitoring of neuronal activity necessary for gaining insight into dynamic cortical networks. Our intentions with this book are to cover the richness and transdisciplinary nature of the MEG field, make it more accessible to newcomers and experienced researchers and to stimulate growth in the MEG area. The book presents a comprehensive overview of MEG basics and the latest developments in methodological, empirical and clinical research, directed toward master and doctoral students, as well as researchers. There are three levels of contributions: 1) tutorials on instrumentation, measurements, modeling, and experimental design; 2) topical reviews providing extensive coverage of relevant research topics; and 3) short contributions on open, challenging issues, future developments and novel applications. The topics range from neuromagnetic measurements, signal processing and source localization techniques to dynamic functional networks underlying perception and cognition in both health and disease. Topical reviews cover, among others: development on SQUID-based and novel sensors, multi-modal integration (low field MRI and MEG; EEG and fMRI), Bayesian approaches to multi-modal integration, direct neuronal imaging, novel noise reduction methods, source-space functional analysis, decoding of brain states, dynamic brain connectivity, sensory-motor integration, MEG studies on perception and cognition, thalamocortical oscillations, fetal and neonatal MEG, pediatric MEG studies, cognitive development, clinical applications of MEG in epilepsy, pre-surgical mapping, stroke, schizophrenia, stuttering, traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, autism, aging and neurodegeneration, MEG applications in cognitive neuropharmacology and an overview of the major open-source analysis tools.
| Author | : Rodolfo R. Llinas |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 396 |
| Release | : 2002-02-22 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0262296969 |
A highly original theory of how the mind-brain works, based on the author's study of single neuronal cells. In I of the Vortex, Rodolfo Llinas, a founding father of modern brain science, presents an original view of the evolution and nature of mind. According to Llinas, the "mindness state" evolved to allow predictive interactions between mobile creatures and their environment. He illustrates the early evolution of mind through a primitive animal called the "sea squirt." The mobile larval form has a brainlike ganglion that receives sensory information about the surrounding environment. As an adult, the sea squirt attaches itself to a stationary object and then digests most of its own brain. This suggests that the nervous system evolved to allow active movement in animals. To move through the environment safely, a creature must anticipate the outcome of each movement on the basis of incoming sensory data. Thus the capacity to predict is most likely the ultimate brain function. One could even say that Self is the centralization of prediction. At the heart of Llinas's theory is the concept of oscillation. Many neurons possess electrical activity, manifested as oscillating variations in the minute voltages across the cell membrane. On the crests of these oscillations occur larger electrical events that are the basis for neuron-to-neuron communication. Like cicadas chirping in unison, a group of neurons oscillating in phase can resonate with a distant group of neurons. This simultaneity of neuronal activity is the neurobiological root of cognition. Although the internal state that we call the mind is guided by the senses, it is also generated by the oscillations within the brain. Thus, in a certain sense, one could say that reality is not all "out there," but is a kind of virtual reality.
| Author | : Munecazu Tacano |
| Publisher | : American Institute of Physics |
| Total Pages | : 768 |
| Release | : 2007-08-14 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : |
Tokyo, Japan, 9-14 September 2007
| Author | : Axel Cleeremans |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
| Total Pages | : 314 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 9780198508571 |
Consciousness has many elements, from sensory experiences such as vision and bodily sensation, to nonsensory aspects such as memory and thought. All are presented as experiences of a single subject, and all seem to be contained within a unified field of experience. This unity raises many questions: How do diverse systems in the brain co-operate to produce a unified experience? Are there conditions under which this unity breaks down? Is conscious experience really unified at all? Such questions are addressed in this thought-provoking book.
| Author | : Melissa Hines |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 324 |
| Release | : 2005-04-14 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0199731004 |
Do biological factors, such as gonadal hormones, determine our sexual destiny after our genes are in place? Do they make men aggressive, or women nurturing? Do they cause boys and girls to play differently or to have different interests? Do they explain differences in sexual orientation within each sex group? Do they contribute to the preponderance of men in science or women at home? Scientists working from a psychosocial perspective would answer these questions differently than those working from a behavioral neuroscience or neuroendocrinological perspective. This book brings both of these perspectives to bear on the questions, tracing the factors that influence the brain, beginning with testosterone and other hormones during prenatal life, and continuing through changing life situations and experiences that can sculpt the brain and its activity, even in adulthood. This influence has important implications for understanding the social roles of men and women in society, the different educational and emotional issues that confront males and females, the legal rights of those whose sexual orientation or gender identity do not correspond to norms, and even standards of clinical care for people born with physical intersex conditions that make it difficult to classify a person as male or female at birth. This original and accessible book will be of interest to psychologists, neuroscientists, pediatricians, and educators, as well as the general public. It is also suitable for use in graduate and undergraduate courses on the psychology of gender or on hormones and behavior.
| Author | : Sascha Frühholz |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 977 |
| Release | : 2019 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 0198743181 |
Speech perception has been the focus of innumerable studies over the past decades. While our abilities to recognize individuals by their voice state plays a central role in our everyday social interactions, limited scientific attention has been devoted to the perceptual and cerebral mechanisms underlying nonverbal information processing in voices. The Oxford Handbook of Voice Perception takes a comprehensive look at this emerging field and presents a selection of current research in voice perception. The forty chapters summarise the most exciting research from across several disciplines covering acoustical, clinical, evolutionary, cognitive, and computational perspectives. In particular, this handbook offers an invaluable window into the development and evolution of the 'vocal brain', and considers in detail the voice processing abilities of non-human animals or human infants. By providing a full and unique perspective on the recent developments in this burgeoning area of study, this text is an important and interdisciplinary resource for students, researchers, and scientific journalists interested in voice perception.
| Author | : Philip David Zelazo |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2007-05-14 |
| Genre | : Psychology |
| ISBN | : 113946406X |
The Cambridge Handbook of Consciousness is the first of its kind in the field, and its appearance marks a unique time in the history of intellectual inquiry on the topic. After decades during which consciousness was considered beyond the scope of legitimate scientific investigation, consciousness re-emerged as a popular focus of research towards the end of the last century, and it has remained so for nearly 20 years. There are now so many different lines of investigation on consciousness that the time has come when the field may finally benefit from a book that pulls them together and, by juxtaposing them, provides a comprehensive survey of this exciting field. An authoritative desk reference, which will also be suitable as an advanced textbook.
