The Neglect Of Science
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| Author | : Allan Franklin |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 308 |
| Release | : 1989-09-29 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 9780521379656 |
What role have experiments played, and should they play, in physics? How does one come to believe rationally in experimental results? The Neglect of Experiment attempts to provide answers to both of these questions. Professor Franklin's approach combines the detailed study of four episodes in the history of twentieth century physics with an examination of some of the philosophical issues involved. The episodes are the discovery of parity nonconservation ( or the violation of mirror symmetry) in the 1950s; the nondiscovery of parity nonconservation in the 1930s, when the results of experiments indicated, at least in retrospect, the symmetry violation, but the significance of those results was not realized; the discovery and acceptance of CP ( combined parity-charge conjugations, paricle-antiparticle) symmetry; and Millikan's oil-drop experiment. Franklin examines the various roles that experiment plays, including its role in deciding between competing theories, confirming theories, and calling fo new theories. The author argues that one can provide a philosophical justification for these roles. He contends that if experiment plays such important roles, then one must have good reason to believe in experimental results. He then deals with deveral problems concerning such reslults, including the epistemology of experiment, how one comes to believe rationally in experimental results, the question of the influence of theoretical presuppositions on results, and the problem of scientific fruad. This original and important contribution to the study of the philosophy of experimental science is an outgrowth of many years of research. Franklin brings to this work more than a decade of experience as an experimental high-energy physicist, along with his significant contributions to the history and philosophy of science.
| Author | : B.F Skinner |
| Publisher | : Simon and Schuster |
| Total Pages | : 484 |
| Release | : 2012-12-18 |
| Genre | : Psychology |
| ISBN | : 1476716153 |
The psychology classic—a detailed study of scientific theories of human nature and the possible ways in which human behavior can be predicted and controlled—from one of the most influential behaviorists of the twentieth century and the author of Walden Two. “This is an important book, exceptionally well written, and logically consistent with the basic premise of the unitary nature of science. Many students of society and culture would take violent issue with most of the things that Skinner has to say, but even those who disagree most will find this a stimulating book.” —Samuel M. Strong, The American Journal of Sociology “This is a remarkable book—remarkable in that it presents a strong, consistent, and all but exhaustive case for a natural science of human behavior…It ought to be…valuable for those whose preferences lie with, as well as those whose preferences stand against, a behavioristic approach to human activity.” —Harry Prosch, Ethics
| Author | : Robert K. Merton |
| Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
| Total Pages | : 639 |
| Release | : 1973 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0226520927 |
"The exploration of the social conditions that facilitate or retard the search for scientific knowledge has been the major theme of Robert K. Merton's work for forty years. This collection of papers [is] a fascinating overview of this sustained inquiry. . . . There are very few other books in sociology . . . with such meticulous scholarship, or so elegant a style. This collection of papers is, and is likely to remain for a long time, one of the most important books in sociology."—Joseph Ben-David, New York Times Book Review "The novelty of the approach, the erudition and elegance, and the unusual breadth of vision make this volume one of the most important contributions to sociology in general and to the sociology of science in particular. . . . Merton's Sociology of Science is a magisterial summary of the field."—Yehuda Elkana, American Journal of Sociology "Merton's work provides a rich feast for any scientist concerned for a genuine understanding of his own professional self. And Merton's industry, integrity, and humility are permanent witnesses to that ethos which he has done so much to define and support."—J. R. Ravetz, American Scientist "The essays not only exhibit a diverse and penetrating analysis and a deal of historical and contemporary examples, with concrete numerical data, but also make genuinely good reading because of the wit, the liveliness and the rich learning with which Merton writes."—Philip Morrison, Scientific American "Merton's impact on sociology as a whole has been large, and his impact on the sociology of science has been so momentous that the title of the book is apt, because Merton's writings represent modern sociology of science more than any other single writer."—Richard McClintock, Contemporary Sociology
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 228 |
| Release | : 2014-03-18 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0309293545 |
Elder Abuse and Its Prevention is the summary of a workshop convened in April 2013 by the Institute of Medicine's Forum on Global Violence Prevention. Using an ecological framework, this workshop explored the burden of elder abuse around the world, focusing on its impacts on individuals, families, communities, and societies. Additionally, the workshop addressed occurrences and co-occurrences of different types of abuse, including physical, sexual, emotional, and financial, as well as neglect. The ultimate objective was to illuminate promising global and multisectoral evidence-based approaches to the prevention of elder maltreatment. While the workshop covered scope and prevalence and unique characteristics of abuse, the intention was to move beyond what is known about elder abuse to foster discussions about how to improve prevention, intervention, and mitigation of the victims' needs, particularly through collaborative efforts. The workshop discussions included innovative intervention models and opportunities for prevention across sectors and settings. Violence and related forms of abuse against elders is a global public health and human rights problem with far-reaching consequences, resulting in increased death, disability, and exploitation with collateral effects on well-being. Data suggest that at least 10 percent of elders in the United States are victims of elder maltreatment every year. In low- and middle-income countries, where the burden of violence is the greatest, the figure is likely even higher. In addition, elders experiencing risk factors such as diminishing cognitive function, caregiver dependence, and social isolation are more vulnerable to maltreatment and underreporting. As the world population of adults aged 65 and older continues to grow, the implications of elder maltreatment for health care, social welfare, justice, and financial systems are great. However, despite the magnitude of global elder maltreatment, it has been an underappreciated public health problem. Elder Abuse and Its Prevention discusses the prevalence and characteristics of elder abuse around the world, risk factors for abuse and potential adverse health outcomes, and contextually specific factors, such as culture and the role of the community.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 376 |
| Release | : 2014-03-25 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0309285151 |
Each year, child protective services receive reports of child abuse and neglect involving six million children, and many more go unreported. The long-term human and fiscal consequences of child abuse and neglect are not relegated to the victims themselves-they also impact their families, future relationships, and society. In 1993, the National Research Council (NRC) issued the report, Under-standing Child Abuse and Neglect, which provided an overview of the research on child abuse and neglect. New Directions in Child Abuse and Neglect Research updates the 1993 report and provides new recommendations to respond to this public health challenge. According to this report, while there has been great progress in child abuse and neglect research, a coordinated, national research infrastructure with high-level federal support needs to be established and implemented immediately. New Directions in Child Abuse and Neglect Research recommends an actionable framework to guide and support future child abuse and neglect research. This report calls for a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to child abuse and neglect research that examines factors related to both children and adults across physical, mental, and behavioral health domains-including those in child welfare, economic support, criminal justice, education, and health care systems-and assesses the needs of a variety of subpopulations. It should also clarify the causal pathways related to child abuse and neglect and, more importantly, assess efforts to interrupt these pathways. New Directions in Child Abuse and Neglect Research identifies four areas to look to in developing a coordinated research enterprise: a national strategic plan, a national surveillance system, a new generation of researchers, and changes in the federal and state programmatic and policy response.
| Author | : Carole Jenny |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Health Sciences |
| Total Pages | : 684 |
| Release | : 2010-09-15 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1416063935 |
Carole Jenny's Child Abuse and Neglect: Diagnosis, Treatment and Evidence focuses attention on the clinical evidence of child abuse to help you correctly diagnose and treat such cases in your own practice. In print and online, this unique, well-illustrated clinical reference provides new insights into the presentation and differential diagnosis of physical abuse and looks at shaken baby syndrome, sex offenders, and abuse in religious organizations, information on the biomechanics of injury, and other factors. Identify an abusive injury and treat it effectively by reviewing evidence and critical analyses from leading authorities in the field. Recognize the signs of shaken baby syndrome, sex offenders, and abuse in religious organizations. Understand the biomechanics of injury to determine whether abuse was truly the cause of a child's injury. View illustrations that show first-hand examples of child abuse or neglect. Search the complete contents online and download the illustrations at www.expertconsult.com.
| Author | : Connie Burrows Horton |
| Publisher | : Guilford Press |
| Total Pages | : 234 |
| Release | : 2001-08-01 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 9781572306738 |
School professionals have a unique opportunity--and responsibility--to identify and respond to child abuse and neglect. This book provides a succinct review of current knowledge on child maltreatment and links it specifically to practical applications in the schools. Information and strategies are outlined to help school practitioners and other personnel identify signs of abuse, respond sensitively and effectively to student disclosures, and make critically important reporting decisions. Treatment options are discussed in depth, including guidelines for offering school-based clinical services and/or making referrals to outside providers. Other topics covered include consulting with teachers and parents, planning and implementing victimization prevention programs, and coping with "compassion fatigue." The book is illustrated throughout with clearly written, relevant case examples. Special features include reproducible overhead transparency masters for use in in-service training.
| Author | : Ben Goldacre |
| Publisher | : Farrar, Straus and Giroux |
| Total Pages | : 337 |
| Release | : 2010-10-12 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1429967099 |
Have you ever wondered how one day the media can assert that alcohol is bad for us and the next unashamedly run a story touting the benefits of daily alcohol consumption? Or how a drug that is pulled off the market for causing heart attacks ever got approved in the first place? How can average readers, who aren't medical doctors or Ph.D.s in biochemistry, tell what they should be paying attention to and what's, well, just more bullshit? Ben Goldacre has made a point of exposing quack doctors and nutritionists, bogus credentialing programs, and biased scientific studies. He has also taken the media to task for its willingness to throw facts and proof out the window. But he's not here just to tell you what's wrong. Goldacre is here to teach you how to evaluate placebo effects, double-blind studies, and sample sizes, so that you can recognize bad science when you see it. You're about to feel a whole lot better.
| Author | : Michelle Martinez |
| Publisher | : Nova Science Publishers |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : Abused children |
| ISBN | : 9781634847858 |
Child abuse and neglect (CAN) continues to be a serious public health problem in the United States, affecting approximately 19% of victims and costing approximately $124 billion to society. When a child is removed from their parent's custody due to parental abuse or neglect, the child is sometimes placed in temporary custody through dependency court. Difficult and emotionally laden legal decisions occur within dependency court, including determining whether (and where) a child should be temporarily placed or whether a child should be returned to the parent's custody. Over 6 million children experienced some type of child maltreatment in 2013, with 144,000 receiving foster care services (Child Maltreatment, 2013). Legal decision-makers, including judges, case workers, and social workers have the important task of determining what placement is in the best interest of the child. What factors shape decisions in child custodial cases? Chapter One of this book reviews empirical evidence suggesting that the race of the child and parent plays a role in shaping child custodial decisions. Chapter Two presents a feminist, social constructionist theoretical conceptualisation, entitled relational trust theory, that describes the effects of gendered power dynamics on the perception of the other partner as trustworthy in adult-survivor couple interactions; and expounds on the findings of a longitudinal grounded theory study that identified clinical processes of Socio-Emotional Relationship Therapy (SERT) that helped adult-survivor couples transform their gendered power disparities and engage in relationally safe ways that supported a trusting emotional culture. Chapter Three provides a description of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), a rationale for its use with parents and children who have experienced CAN, and an overview of PCIT's evidence base for both intervening with and preventing future CAN.
| Author | : Dante Cicchetti |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 820 |
| Release | : 1989-06-30 |
| Genre | : Family & Relationships |
| ISBN | : 9780521379694 |
Over forty contributors, including highly regarded researchers in the field, present the most recent findings on the impact of abuse and neglect on cognitive, linguistic, social and emotional development in children.
