Excerpt from The Mining Magazine, Vol. 3: Devoted to Mines, Mining Operations, Metallurgy, &C., &C.; From July to December, 1854 The order of the operations is th1s - the coal is cut and got by hewers; it is then moved in the tubs through the first pas sages by putters; horses draw several Of these tubs to the shaft foot, or to stations on the main roads, according to the plan of the colliery; and their labor is com leted by the steam-engine. Only one of these processes (that o the hewer) has an direct or collateral effect on the extrication of as, but they all ave an important bearing on the plan of the un erground roads methods of venttlation. He roof which overlies the cavities made by hewers may have a tendency to fall in, and pour ia flammable gas into the roadways or air channels; the thill or floor may be subject to heave and discharge gas upwards; there may be 1a front of the workings, especially along lines of dialo canon, undiscovered reservoirs of such gas; it may accumulate in the broken round or goaf, which, once abandoned, is almost never explor again; all these are to be expected, occasionally. As consequences of the advancing excavation; but the main source of inflammable gas in the northern collieries, that which yields by far the greater, though (with good ventilation) not the most dangerous su plies, is the cutting of the fresh coal in the ordinary process 0 everyday work. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.