The Magyars In The Ninth Century
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Author | : Istvan Zimonyi |
Publisher | : BRILL |
Total Pages | : 446 |
Release | : 2015-10-14 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 9004306110 |
The Jayhānī tradition contains the most detailed description of the Magyars/Hungarians before the Conquest of the Carpathian Basin (895). Unfortunately, the book itself was lost and it can only be reconstructed from late Arabic, Persian and Turkic copies. The reconstruction is primarily based on the texts of al-Marwazī, Ibn Rusta and Gardīzī. The original text has shorter and longer versions. The basic text was reformed at least twice and later copyists added further emendation. This study focuses on the philological comments and historical interpretation of the Magyar chapter, integrating the results in the fields of medieval Islamic studies, the medieval history of Eurasian steppe, and the historiography of early Hungarian history.
Author | : |
Publisher | : CUP Archive |
Total Pages | : 264 |
Release | : |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Charles River Editors |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 38 |
Release | : 2020-04-06 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
*Includes pictures *Includes excerpts of contemporary accounts *Includes a bibliography for further reading "Having crossed the Danube, they encamped beside the Danube as far as Budafelhévíz. Hearing this, all the Romans living throughout the land of Pannonia, saved their lives by flight. Next day, Prince Árpád and all his leading men with all the warriors of Hungary entered the city of King Attila and they saw all the royal palaces, some ruined to the foundations, others not, and they admired beyond measure the stone buildings and were happier than can be told that they had deserved to take without fighting the city of King Attila, of whose line Prince Árpád descended. They feasted every day with great joy in the palace of King Attila, sitting alongside one another, and all the melodies and sweet sounds of zithers and pipes along with all the songs of minstrels were presented to them ... Prince Árpád gave great lands and properties to the guests staying with them, and, when they heard this, many guests thronged to him and gladly stayed with him." - An excerpt from Gesta Hungarorum Of all the steppe peoples in the medieval period, perhaps none were more important to European history than the Magyars. Like the Huns and Avars before them and the Cumans and Mongols after them, the Magyars burst into Europe as a destructive, unstoppable horde, taking whatever they wanted and leaving a steady stream of misery in their wake. They used much of the same tactics as the other steppe peoples and lived a similar, nomadic lifestyle. The Magyars also had many early cultural affinities with other steppe peoples, following a similar religion and ideas of kingship and nobility, among other things. That said, as similar as the Magyars may have been to other steppe nomads before and after them, they were noticeably different in one way: the Magyars settled down and became a part of Europe and Western Civilization in the Middle Ages. The Magyars exploded onto the European cultural scene in the late 9th century as foreign marauders, but they made alliances with many important kingdoms in less than a century and established their own dynasty in the area, roughly equivalent to the modern nation-state of Hungary. After establishing themselves as a legitimate dynasty among their European peers, the Magyars formed a sort of cultural bridge between the Roman Catholic kingdoms of Western Europe and the Orthodox Christian kingdoms of Eastern Europe. Ultimately, the Magyars chose the Roman Catholic Church, thereby becoming a part of the West and tying their fate to it for the remainder of the Middle Ages. The Magyars: The History and Legacy of the Medieval Tribes that Established the Kingdom of Hungary examines the Magyars and their culture, from their origins through the Arpad Dynasty to their raids on Europe, the establishment of a royal dynasty, and their integration into Western Civilization, marking the transition from the Magyars to Hungarians. Along with pictures and a bibliography for further reading, you will learn about the Magyars like never before.
Author | : Nora Berend |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 549 |
Release | : 2013-12-19 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 0521781566 |
A groundbreaking comparative history of the formation of Bohemia, Hungary and Poland, from their origins in the eleventh century.
Author | : Susan M. Papp |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 344 |
Release | : 1981 |
Genre | : Cleveland (Ohio) |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Cameron Sutt |
Publisher | : BRILL |
Total Pages | : 251 |
Release | : 2015-07-28 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 9004301585 |
In Slavery in Árpád-era Hungary in a Comparative Context, Cameron Sutt examines servile labour in the first three centuries of the Hungarian kingdom and compares it with dependent labour in Carolingian Europe. Such comparative methodology provides a particularly clear view of the nature of dependent labour in both regions. Using legislation as well as charter evidence, Sutt establishes that lay landlords of Árpádian Hungary frequently relied upon slaves to work their land, but the situation in Carolingian areas was much more complex. The use of slave labour in Hungary continued until the end of the thirteenth century when a combination of economic and political factors brought it to an end.
Author | : David A. Graff |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 854 |
Release | : 2020-10-01 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1108901190 |
Volume II of The Cambridge History of War covers what in Europe is commonly called 'the Middle Ages'. It includes all of the well-known themes of European warfare, from the migrations of the Germanic peoples and the Vikings through the Reconquista, the Crusades and the age of chivalry, to the development of state-controlled gunpowder-wielding armies and the urban militias of the later middle ages; yet its scope is world-wide, ranging across Eurasia and the Americas to trace the interregional connections formed by the great Arab conquests and the expansion of Islam, the migrations of horse nomads such as the Avars and the Turks, the formation of the vast Mongol Empire, and the spread of new technologies – including gunpowder and the earliest firearms – by land and sea.
Author | : Frank Sandor |
Publisher | : Createspace Independent Pub |
Total Pages | : 402 |
Release | : 2013-08-17 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 9781484822753 |
Magyar Origins offers a reasonable hypothesis that Hungarian and its related languages of Finnish and Estonian are related to Sanskrit, working out a proposed linguistic law that affected how Sanskrit words were absorbed into Hungarian. A finely researched blend of genealogy and language studies, Magyar Origins presents a strong and well-reasoned case. --Midwest Book Review This is the second edition, a third edition is now available and is a complete rewrite. ISBN 978-1501006357 Do you think you know where Hungarians came from? Odds are what you were told was based on myths or politics and almost no science. This book explores the roots behind these myths and how they originated. Exploring both DNA and cultural evidence this book explores the possibility that Hungarian, and its related Uralic languages, evolved as a form of Sanskrit slang. Not evolving directly from Sanskrit but was the result of refugees fleeing to the Hindu Kush region and learning a new language before migrating north to Siberia. Evidence is presented to show that the Magyars were practicing a form of Vedic-Hinduism, the root of both Buddhism and Hinduism, when they arrived in Europe and were not Shamanistic as is commonly believed. Core words that are not usually adopted between languages are shown to be the same between Hungarian and Sanskrit. Some examples include: Bird: Hungarian 'madar' = Sanskrit 'madura' Dung: Hungarian 'szar' = Sanskrit 'sAra' Fist: Hungarian 'kez' = Sanskrit 'kAzi' More importantly the conceptual adoption of Sanskrit into the various Uralic languages is demonstrated as the primary driving force for word evolution. Words are not primarily adopted based on word = word but instead based on what the characteristics of the object are. For example the Hungarian word for duck 'kacsa' does not equal the word for duck in either Finnish or Estonian. Instead it corresponds to their words for water, 'kastella' and 'kastma'. By extending this conceptual adoption to Sanskrit we see that the Sanskrit word for water is 'kASTha'. Linguistic evidence is provided to show not just similarities between the languages of Hungarian and Sanskrit but the patterns followed when Hungarian words were adopted from Sanskrit."
Author | : Sir Bryan Cartledge |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2011 |
Genre | : Hungary |
ISBN | : 9780231702256 |
Despite its relatively small size, Hungary has shown remarkable resilience in its long and difficult history, resisting hostile neighbors and the pressures of two massive neighboring empires. Subjected to invasion, occupation, and frequent historical tragedy, the country has nevertheless survived and even flourished, becoming a stable, sovereign democratic republic with a seat in the European Union. Drawing on his experiences as ambassador to Hungary during the declining years of János Kádár's communist regime, Bryan Cartledge recreates a rich portrait of the country's political, economic, and cultural development. Spanning eleven hundred years, his account begins with the arrival of the Magyars in the ninth century and concludes with the acceptance of Hungary into NATO and the EU. Cartledge recounts Hungary's medieval greatness and its defeats at the hands of the Mongols, Turks, and Nazis. He revisits the nation's unsuccessful struggle for independence and the massive deprivations it suffered after the First World War. He also investigates Hungary's disastrous alliance with the Nazis, motivated by a hope for political redress. Cartledge provides startling insight into the experience of Soviet-imposed communism, which culminated in the brutally suppressed revolution of 1956. Exploiting his intimate knowledge of Hungary and its rich archival sources, he explains how a country can lose almost every war it has engaged in and still forge ahead stronger than before.
Author | : |
Publisher | : BRILL |
Total Pages | : 666 |
Release | : 2018-04-10 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 9004363904 |
The Economy of Medieval Hungary is the first concise, English-language volume about the economic life of medieval Hungary. It is a product of the cooperation of specialists representing various disciplines of medieval studies, including archaeologists, archaeozoologists, specialists in medieval demography, historical hydrologists, climate and environmental historians, as well as archivists and church historians. The twenty-five chapters of the book focus on structures of medieval economy, different means and ways of human-nature interactions in production, and offer an overview of the different spheres of economic life, with a particular emphasis on taxation, income and commercial activity. Thanks to its interdisciplinary character, this volume is a basic handbook for the history of economy, production and material culture. Contributors are Krisztina Arany, László Bartosiewicz, Zoltán Batizi, Anna Zsófia Biller, Péter Csippán, László Daróczi-Szabó, Márta Daróczi-Szabó, István Draskóczy, István Feld, László Ferenczi, Erika Gál, Márton Gyöngyössy, István Kenyeres, István Kováts, András Kubinyi, Kyra Lyublyanovics, Árpád Nógrády, Éva Ágnes Nyerges, István Petrovics, Zsolt Pinke, Beatrix F. Romhányi, Katalin Szende, László Szende, Magdolna Szilágyi, Csaba Tóth, and Boglárka Weisz.