The Impact Of The Patent System On Research
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Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 186 |
Release | : 2004-10-01 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0309089107 |
The U.S. patent system is in an accelerating race with human ingenuity and investments in innovation. In many respects the system has responded with admirable flexibility, but the strain of continual technological change and the greater importance ascribed to patents in a knowledge economy are exposing weaknesses including questionable patent quality, rising transaction costs, impediments to the dissemination of information through patents, and international inconsistencies. A panel including a mix of legal expertise, economists, technologists, and university and corporate officials recommends significant changes in the way the patent system operates. A Patent System for the 21st Century urges creation of a mechanism for post-grant challenges to newly issued patents, reinvigoration of the non-obviousness standard to quality for a patent, strengthening of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, simplified and less costly litigation, harmonization of the U.S., European, and Japanese examination process, and protection of some research from patent infringement liability.
Author | : C. T. Taylor |
Publisher | : CUP Archive |
Total Pages | : 432 |
Release | : 1973-12-06 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780521202558 |
Author | : Fritz Machlup |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 100 |
Release | : 1958 |
Genre | : Patents |
ISBN | : |
At head of title: 85th Cong., 2d sess. Committee print. Bibliography: p. 81-86.
Author | : Australia. Law Reform Commission |
Publisher | : Virago Press |
Total Pages | : 690 |
Release | : 2004 |
Genre | : Genes |
ISBN | : |
Report of an inquiry concerned with two broad issues: the patenting of genetic materials and technologies, and the exploitation of these patents and the distinction that can and possibly should be made between discoveries and inventions when referring to claims over genetic sequences.
Author | : Shobita Parthasarathy |
Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
Total Pages | : 299 |
Release | : 2017-02-21 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 022643785X |
Introduction -- Defining the public interest in the US and European patent systems -- Confronting the questions of life-form patentability -- Commodification, animal dignity, and patent-system publics -- Forging new patent politics through the human embryonic stem cell debates -- Human genes, plants, and the distributive implications of patents -- Conclusion
Author | : Seymour Melman |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 76 |
Release | : 1958 |
Genre | : Patent laws and legislation |
ISBN | : |
Author | : OECD |
Publisher | : OECD Publishing |
Total Pages | : 32 |
Release | : 2004-02-02 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 926402672X |
Few systematic economic evaluations have been carried out on patent system to better inform policy choices. This report, which covers a range of areas, and highlights some issues that policy makers should address in the near future, including ...
Author | : Claude E. Barfield |
Publisher | : A E I Press |
Total Pages | : 116 |
Release | : 2007 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 9780844742564 |
American patent law has reached an unprecedented crossroads, prodded by a landmark Supreme Court decision this spring and the prospect of sweeping new federal legislation this fall. At this critical time, Biotechnology and the Patent System: Balancing Innovation and Property Rights provides a timely look at the complex issues involved in making patent law for cutting-edge high-tech industries such as the biotechnology and computer software sectors.
Author | : James Bessen |
Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
Total Pages | : 346 |
Release | : 2009-08-03 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 1400828694 |
In recent years, business leaders, policymakers, and inventors have complained to the media and to Congress that today's patent system stifles innovation instead of fostering it. But like the infamous patent on the peanut butter and jelly sandwich, much of the cited evidence about the patent system is pure anecdote--making realistic policy formation difficult. Is the patent system fundamentally broken, or can it be fixed with a few modest reforms? Moving beyond rhetoric, Patent Failure provides the first authoritative and comprehensive look at the economic performance of patents in forty years. James Bessen and Michael Meurer ask whether patents work well as property rights, and, if not, what institutional and legal reforms are necessary to make the patent system more effective. Patent Failure presents a wide range of empirical evidence from history, law, and economics. The book's findings are stark and conclusive. While patents do provide incentives to invest in research, development, and commercialization, for most businesses today, patents fail to provide predictable property rights. Instead, they produce costly disputes and excessive litigation that outweigh positive incentives. Only in some sectors, such as the pharmaceutical industry, do patents act as advertised, with their benefits outweighing the related costs. By showing how the patent system has fallen short in providing predictable legal boundaries, Patent Failure serves as a call for change in institutions and laws. There are no simple solutions, but Bessen and Meurer's reform proposals need to be heard. The health and competitiveness of the nation's economy depend on it.
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 457 |
Release | : 1993-02-01 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 0309048338 |
As technological developments multiply around the globeâ€"even as the patenting of human genes comes under serious discussionâ€"nations, companies, and researchers find themselves in conflict over intellectual property rights (IPRs). Now, an international group of experts presents the first multidisciplinary look at IPRs in an age of explosive growth in science and technology. This thought-provoking volume offers an update on current international IPR negotiations and includes case studies on software, computer chips, optoelectronics, and biotechnologyâ€"areas characterized by high development cost and easy reproducibility. The volume covers these and other issues: Modern economic theory as a basis for approaching international IPRs. U.S. intellectual property practices versus those in Japan, India, the European Community, and the developing and newly industrializing countries. Trends in science and technology and how they affect IPRs. Pros and cons of a uniform international IPRs regime versus a system reflecting national differences.