Teaching Machines

Teaching Machines
Author: Audrey Watters
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 325
Release: 2023-02-07
Genre: Education
ISBN: 026254606X

How ed tech was born: Twentieth-century teaching machines--from Sidney Pressey's mechanized test-giver to B. F. Skinner's behaviorist bell-ringing box. Contrary to popular belief, ed tech did not begin with videos on the internet. The idea of technology that would allow students to "go at their own pace" did not originate in Silicon Valley. In Teaching Machines, education writer Audrey Watters offers a lively history of predigital educational technology, from Sidney Pressey's mechanized positive-reinforcement provider to B. F. Skinner's behaviorist bell-ringing box. Watters shows that these machines and the pedagogy that accompanied them sprang from ideas--bite-sized content, individualized instruction--that had legs and were later picked up by textbook publishers and early advocates for computerized learning. Watters pays particular attention to the role of the media--newspapers, magazines, television, and film--in shaping people's perceptions of teaching machines as well as the psychological theories underpinning them. She considers these machines in the context of education reform, the political reverberations of Sputnik, and the rise of the testing and textbook industries. She chronicles Skinner's attempts to bring his teaching machines to market, culminating in the famous behaviorist's efforts to launch Didak 101, the "pre-verbal" machine that taught spelling. (Alternate names proposed by Skinner include "Autodidak," "Instructomat," and "Autostructor.") Telling these somewhat cautionary tales, Watters challenges what she calls "the teleology of ed tech"--the idea that not only is computerized education inevitable, but technological progress is the sole driver of events.

The Columbia History of American Television

The Columbia History of American Television
Author: Gary Richard Edgerton
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Total Pages: 513
Release: 2007
Genre: History
ISBN: 0231121652

Richly researched and engaging, The Columbia History of American Television tracks the growth of TV into a convergent technology, a global industry, a social catalyst, a viable art form, and a complex and dynamic reflection of the American mind and character. Renowned media historian Gary R. Edgerton follows the technological progress and increasing cultural relevance of television from its prehistory (before 1947) to the Network Era (1948-1975) and the Cable Era (1976-1994). He considers the remodeling of television's look and purpose during World War II; the gender, racial, and ethnic components of its early broadcasts and audiences; its transformation of postwar America; and its function in the political life of the country. In conclusion, Edgerton takes a discerning look at our current Digital Era and the new forms of instantaneous communication that continue to change America's social, political, and economic landscape.

Bold Experiment

Bold Experiment
Author: Wilbur Schramm
Publisher: Stanford : Stanford University Press
Total Pages: 272
Release: 1981
Genre: Education
ISBN:

Educational Television

Educational Television
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce
Publisher:
Total Pages: 292
Release: 1958
Genre: Educational broadcasting
ISBN:

Considers legislation to authorize Federal grants to States for educational TV facilities construction and improvement.

Fireside Politics

Fireside Politics
Author: Douglas B. Craig
Publisher: JHU Press
Total Pages: 392
Release: 2000
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780801883125

Craig provides an in-depth examination of radio's changing role in American political culture between 1920 and 1940. He follows the evolution of radio into a commercialised and regulated industry, and ultimately into an essential tool for winning political campaigns and shaping American identity at that time.

Educational Television

Educational Television
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce
Publisher:
Total Pages: 226
Release: 1958
Genre: Educational broadcasting
ISBN:

The Flickering Mind

The Flickering Mind
Author: Todd Oppenheimer
Publisher: Random House
Total Pages: 523
Release: 2007-12-18
Genre: Education
ISBN: 0307432211

The Flickering Mind, by National Magazine Award winner Todd Oppenheimer, is a landmark account of the failure of technology to improve our schools and a call for renewed emphasis on what really works. American education faces an unusual moment of crisis. For decades, our schools have been beaten down by a series of curriculum fads, empty crusades for reform, and stingy funding. Now education and political leaders have offered their biggest and most expensive promise ever—the miracle of computers and the Internet—at a cost of approximately $70 billion just during the decade of the 1990s. Computer technology has become so prevalent that it is transforming nearly every corner of the academic world, from our efforts to close the gap between rich and poor, to our hopes for school reform, to our basic methods of developing the human imagination. Technology is also recasting the relationships that schools strike with the business community, changing public beliefs about the demands of tomorrow’s working world, and reframing the nation’s systems for researching, testing, and evaluating achievement. All this change has led to a culture of the flickering mind, and a generation teetering between two possible futures. In one, youngsters have a chance to become confident masters of the tools of their day, to better address the problems of tomorrow. Alternatively, they can become victims of commercial novelties and narrow measures of ability, underscored by misplaced faith in standardized testing. At this point, America’s students can’t even make a fair choice. They are an increasingly distracted lot. Their ability to reason, to listen, to feel empathy, is quite literally flickering. Computers and their attendant technologies did not cause all these problems, but they are quietly accelerating them. In this authoritative and impassioned account of the state of education in America, Todd Oppenheimer shows why it does not have to be this way. Oppenheimer visited dozens of schools nationwide—public and private, urban and rural—to present the compelling tales that frame this book. He consulted with experts, read volumes of studies, and came to strong and persuasive conclusions: that the essentials of learning have been gradually forgotten and that they matter much more than the novelties of technology. He argues that every time we computerize a science class or shut down a music program to pay for new hardware, we lose sight of what our priority should be: “enlightened basics.” Broad in scope and investigative in treatment, The Flickering Mind will not only contribute to a vital public conversation about what our schools can and should be—it will define the debate.

The History of Prime Time Television

The History of Prime Time Television
Author: George Lee Marshall
Publisher:
Total Pages: 448
Release: 2013-07-11
Genre: Performing Arts
ISBN: 9781516551675

The History of Prime Time Television is a user-friendly textbook that chronicles television's unique history from the drawing board to the living room, and beyond. Organized chronologically, the book begins by briefly addressing the age of invention and the birth of radio. However, the primary focus of the text surrounds prime time programming, homing in on the series that defined their respective decade by reflecting changes in the culture, style and values of the time, and how some went on to become iconic representations of 20th and 21st century America. Each decade's historical importance, as well as all of the nuance and chronological markers connected to the story of television itself, is covered in a way that engages students and helps them retain what they are learning. Discussion questions geared to tap into the students' critical thinking follow every chapter. Topics include: Invention and Promotion - Television's Early Struggles How Serious Programming began with Comedy The Role of Television During Wartime Prime Time Television's Golden Age Civil Rights and Television Long-Form Television Television's Symbiotic Relationship to Sports The Birth and Growth of Cable Programming Reality Programming Students will also glean information about the impact of each decade's culture on television and learn about the transition from black and white to color programming, deregulation, censorship, and the future of television in the new millennium. The History of Prime Time Television includes fascinating information about the historical milestones that made television not just a form of entertainment, but a social mediator, a political force, and American's window into the human experience and condition. The book is ideal for courses in the areas of media history, entertainment history, and media communications.

Teachers and Machines

Teachers and Machines
Author: Larry Cuban
Publisher: Teachers College Press
Total Pages: 152
Release: 1986
Genre: Education
ISBN: 0807775975

“Will undoubtedly be cited in the future as the major source on the history of technology and teaching in the classroom.” —History of Education Quarterly “Through Cuban’s work we can develop an understanding for how teachers define their jobs in ways that outside innovators have never appreciated. His work thus contributes a much needed vision from within.” —Educational Policy