The Effects Of Relative Humidity On The Surface Chemistry And Mechanical Properties Of Silica Aerogel
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| Author | : Michel Andre Aegerter |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 929 |
| Release | : 2011-06-10 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1441975896 |
Aerogels are the lightest solids known. Up to 1000 times lighter than glass and with a density as low as only four times that of air, they show very high thermal, electrical and acoustic insulation values and hold many entries in Guinness World Records. Originally based on silica, R&D efforts have extended this class of materials to non-silicate inorganic oxides, natural and synthetic organic polymers, carbon, metal and ceramic materials, etc. Composite systems involving polymer-crosslinked aerogels and interpenetrating hybrid networks have been developed and exhibit remarkable mechanical strength and flexibility. Even more exotic aerogels based on clays, chalcogenides, phosphides, quantum dots, and biopolymers such as chitosan are opening new applications for the construction, transportation, energy, defense and healthcare industries. Applications in electronics, chemistry, mechanics, engineering, energy production and storage, sensors, medicine, nanotechnology, military and aerospace, oil and gas recovery, thermal insulation and household uses are being developed with an estimated annual market growth rate of around 70% until 2015. The Aerogels Handbook summarizes state-of-the-art developments and processing of inorganic, organic, and composite aerogels, including the most important methods of synthesis, characterization as well as their typical applications and their possible market impact. Readers will find an exhaustive overview of all aerogel materials known today, their fabrication, upscaling aspects, physical and chemical properties, and most recent advances towards applications and commercial products, some of which are commercially available today. Key Features: •Edited and written by recognized worldwide leaders in the field •Appeals to a broad audience of materials scientists, chemists, and engineers in academic research and industrial R&D •Covers inorganic, organic, and composite aerogels •Describes military, aerospace, building industry, household, environmental, energy, and biomedical applications among others
| Author | : C. Jeffrey Brinker |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 925 |
| Release | : 2013-10-22 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0080571034 |
Sol-Gel Science: The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing presents the physical and chemical principles of the sol-gel process. The book emphasizes the science behind sol-gel processing with a chapter devoted to applications. The first chapter introduces basic terminology, provides a brief historical sketch, and identifies some excellent texts for background reading. Chapters 2 and 3 discuss the mechanisms of hydrolysis and condensation for nonsilicate and silicate systems. Chapter 4 deals with stabilization and gelation of sols. Chapter 5 reviews theories of gelation and examines the predicted and observed changes in the properties of a sol in the vicinity of the gel point. Chapter 6 describes the changes in structure and properties that occur during aging of a gel in its pore liquor (or some other liquid). The discussion of drying is divided into two parts, with the theory concentrated in Chapter 7 and the phenomenology in Chapter 8. The structure of dried gels is explored in Chapter 9. Chapter 10 shows the possibility of using the gel as a substrate for chemical reactions or of modifying the bulk composition of the resulting ceramic by performing a surface reaction (such as nitridation) on the gel. Chapter 11 reviews the theory and practice of sintering, describing the mechanisms that govern densification of amorphous and crystalline materials, and showing the advantages of avoiding crystallization before sintering is complete. The properties of gel-derived and conventional ceramics are discussed in Chapter 12. The preparation of films is such an important aspect of sol-gel technology that the fundamentals of film formation are treated at length in Chapter 13. Films and other applications are briefly reviewed in Chapter 14. Materials scientists and researchers in the field of sol-gel processing will find the book invaluable.
| Author | : Yashwant Mahajan |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 1527 |
| Release | : 2020-11-26 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9783030163464 |
This handbook presents an authoritative account of the potential of advanced ceramics and composites in strategic applications, including defense, national security, aerospace, and energy security (especially nuclear energy). It highlights how their unique combination of superior properties such as low density, high strength, high elastic modulus, high hardness, high temperature capability, and excellent chemical and environmental stability are optimized in technologies within these fields. The handbook is organized according to application type. It allows readers to learn about strategies that have been used in different fields and to transfer them to their own. The book addresses a wide variety of ceramics and their composites, including PZT ceramics, carbon nanotubes, aerogels, silica radomes, relaxor ferroelectrics, and many others.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 892 |
| Release | : 1994 |
| Genre | : Aeronautics |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 626 |
| Release | : 1922 |
| Genre | : Chemistry, Technical |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 672 |
| Release | : 1998 |
| Genre | : Thin films |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : David J. Quesnel |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 546 |
| Release | : 2002-02-07 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9789056997250 |
Whenever a curved surface interacts with another surface, the principles of adhesion are at work. From the cells in your body to the dust on your glasses, intermolecular forces cause materials to attract one another. Elastic deformations resulting from these adhesive interactions store strain that can be liberated during particle detachment. Time dependent changes in adhesion can result from plastic deformation that both increases the real effective contact area and reduces the stored energy available to assist in particle removal. Processes such as these, based on the fundamentals tenets of particle adhesion, are now finding applications across many disciplines leading to a rich and rapid development of knowledge. This book documents the use of particle adhesion concepts in a variety of disciplines. Fields as varied as the cleaning of semiconductors, to the controlling of cancer metastasis, to the abatement of environmental pollution all benefit from applications of particle adhesion concepts.
| Author | : Alain C. Pierre |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 716 |
| Release | : 2020-03-10 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3030381447 |
This book presents a broad, general introduction to the processing of Sol-Gel technologies. This updated volume serves as a general handbook for researchers and students entering the field. This new edition provides updates in fields that have undergone rapid developments, such as Ceramics, Catalysis, Chromatropgraphy, biomaterials, glass science, and optics. It provides a simple, compact resource that can also be used in graduate-level materials science courses.
| Author | : Leigh Canham |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 1000 |
| Release | : 2021-01-14 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9783319045085 |
The Handbook of Porous Silicon brings together the expertise of a large, international team of almost 100 academic researchers, engineers, and product developers from industry across electronics, medicine, nutrition and consumer care to summarize the field in its entirity with 150 chapters and 5000 references. The volume presents 5 parts which cover fabrication techniques, material properties, characterization techniques, processing and applications. Much attention was given in the the past to its luminescent properties, but increasingly it is the biodegradability, mechanical, thermal and sensing capabilities that are attracting attention. The volume is divided into focussed data reviews with, wherever possible, quantitative rather than qualitative descriptions of both properties and performance. The book is targeted at undergraduates, postgraduates, and experienced researchers.
| Author | : Anatolii D. Zimon |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 445 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1461585767 |
ties on adhesion (Chapter V); and the detachment of particles by an air stream (Chapter X). The other chapters have undergone substantial revision: New material has been introduced, and topics such as autohesion, wetting, film ad hesion, and surface washing have been eliminated. The expansion of research on adhesive interaction has led to many joint endeavors with students and followers; the author gives special thanks to G. A. Serebryakov, K. A. Lazarev, E. I. Andrianov, E. I. Dergunov, and E. A. Ronginskii. Many years of creative cooperation bind the author to the staff of the Omsk Branch of the Frunze Polytechnic Institute, headed by Zh. T. Tekenov, Candidate of Physico mathematical Sciences. The author thanks Professor G.1. Fuks, Doctor of Chemical Sciences, for his help in the preparation of the first and second editions of this monograph; his constructive criticism and gracious assistance have raised the level of quality of the material set forth here. In the preparation of this book, as in all the previous books, inestimable help has been given by my wife, Antonina Alekseevna Zimon, without whose participation it would have been unthinkable to carry out such a volume of work.
