The Economics Of Irrigation In The Eastern United States
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Irrigation of Forage Crops in Eastern United States
Author | : Orus L. Bennett |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 28 |
Release | : 1962 |
Genre | : Forage plants |
ISBN | : |
Water Conservation, Reuse, and Recycling
Author | : Academy of Sciences of the Islamic Republic of Iran |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 292 |
Release | : 2005-03-01 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0309181194 |
In December 2002, a group of specialists on water resources from the United States and Iran met in Tunis, Tunisia, for an interacademy workshop on water resources management, conservation, and recycling. This was the fourth interacademy workshop on a variety of topics held in 2002, the first year of such workshops. Tunis was selected as the location for the workshop because the Tunisian experience in addressing water conservation issues was of interest to the participants from both the United States and Iran. This report includes the agenda for the workshop, all of the papers that were presented, and the list of site visits.
Modeling the impacts of agricultural support policies on emissions from agriculture
Author | : Laborde Debucquet, David |
Publisher | : Intl Food Policy Res Inst |
Total Pages | : 53 |
Release | : 2020-07-24 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : |
To understand the impacts of support programs on global emissions, this paper considers the impacts of domestic subsidies, price distortions at the border, and investments in emission-reducing technologies on global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture. In a step towards a full evaluation of the impacts, it uses a counterfactual global model scenario showing how much emissions from agricultural production would change if agricultural support were abolished worldwide. The analysis indicates that, without subsidies paid directly to farmers, output of some emission-intensive activities and agricultural emissions would be smaller. Without agricultural trade protection, however, emissions would be higher. This is partly because protection reduces global demand more than it increases global agricultural supply, and partly because some countries that currently tax agriculture have high emission intensities. Policies that directly reduce emission intensities yield much larger reductions in emissions than those that reduce emission intensities by increasing overall productivity because overall productivity growth creates a rebound effect by reducing product prices and expanding output. A key challenge is designing policy reforms that effectively reduce emissions without jeopardizing other key goals such as improving nutrition and reducing poverty. While the scenario analysis in this paper does not propose any particular policy reform, it does provide an important building block towards a full understanding the impacts of repurposed agricultural support measures on mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and adaptation to climate change. That full analysis is being undertaken in subsequent work, which will also take account of land-use change and alternative forms of agricultural policy support to align objectives of food security, farmers’ income security, production efficiency and resilience, and environmental protection.
Irrigation in the United States
Author | : Dallas M. Lea |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 72 |
Release | : 1985 |
Genre | : Irrigation |
ISBN | : |
Extract: Beginning with the Mormon colonization of Salt Lake Valley, Utah, in 1847, irrigation has been a significant part of agriculture in the United States. Most of the Nation's irrigated acreage has always been located in the arid and semiarid regions of the West, but in recent years supplemental irrigation has been steadily increasing in the humid East. More farmers in eastern regions are finding that supplemental irrigation is profitable, especially as insurance against crop failures in drought years, and also by increasing average yields. Water supply is apparently the principal constraint to irrigation expansion in the West. Conservation of available water resources is apparently the best measure for expanding irrigation there.
Water Scarcity
Author | : Ernest A. Engelbert |
Publisher | : Univ of California Press |
Total Pages | : 524 |
Release | : 1984-01-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780520053007 |
Based on papers and discussions from a conference held in Monterey, Calif., Sept. 1982 and sponsored by the Directorate on Arid Zone Ecosystems of the United States Man and the Biosphere Program et al.
An evolving paradigm of agricultural mechanization development: How much can Africa learn from Asia?
Author | : Diao, Xinshen, ed. |
Publisher | : Intl Food Policy Res Inst |
Total Pages | : 548 |
Release | : 2020-12-07 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 0896293807 |
Agricultural mechanization in Africa south of the Sahara — especially for small farms and businesses — requires a new paradigm to meet the needs of the continent’s evolving farming systems. Can Asia, with its recent success in adopting mechanization, offer a model for Africa? An Evolving Paradigm of Agricultural Mechanization Development analyzes the experiences of eight Asian and five African countries. The authors explore crucial government roles in boosting and supporting mechanization, from import policies to promotion policies to public good policies. Potential approaches presented to facilitating mechanization in Africa include prioritizing market-led hiring services, eliminating distortions, and developing appropriate technologies for the African context. The role of agricultural mechanization within overall agricultural and rural transformation strategies in Africa is also discussed. The book’s recommendations and insights should be useful to national policymakers and the development community, who can adapt this knowledge to local contexts and use it as a foundation for further research.
Irrigation Water Pricing
Author | : François Molle |
Publisher | : CABI |
Total Pages | : 367 |
Release | : 2007-01-01 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 1845932927 |
Much hope has been vested in pricing as a means of helping to regulate and rationalize water management, notably in the irrigation sector. The pricing of water has often been applied universally, using general and ideological policies, and not considering regional environmental and economic differences. Almost 15 years after the emphasis laid at the Dublin and Rio conferences on treating water as an economic good, a comprehensive review of how such policies have helped manage water resources an irrigation use is necessary. The case-studies presented here offer a reassessment of current policies by evaluating their objectives and constraints and often demonstrating their failure by not considering the regional context. They will therefore contribute to avoiding costly and misplaced reforms and help design water policies that are based on a deeper understanding of the factors which eventually dictate their effectiveness.
Economics of Research and Innovation in Agriculture
Author | : Petra Moser |
Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
Total Pages | : 270 |
Release | : 2021-10-08 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 022677905X |
"The challenges facing agriculture are plenty. Along with the world's growing population and diminishing amounts of water and arable land, the gradual increase in severe weather presents new challenges and imperatives for producing new, more resilient crops to feed a more crowded planet in the twenty-first century. Innovation has historically helped agriculture keep pace with earth's social, population, and ecological changes. In the last 50 years, mechanical, biological, and chemical innovations have more than doubled agricultural output while barely changing input quantities. The ample investment behind these innovations was available because of a high rate of return: a 2007 paper found that the median ROI in agriculture was 45 percent between 1965 and 2005. This landscape has changed. Today many of the world's wealthier countries have scaled back their share of GDP devoted to agricultural R&D amid evidence of diminishing returns. Universities, which have historically been a major source of agricultural innovation, increasingly depend on funding from industry rather than government to fund their research. As Upton Sinclair wrote of the effects industry influences, "It is difficult to get a man to understand something when his salary depends upon his not understanding it." In this volume of the NBER Conference Report series, editor Petra Moser offers an empirical, applied-economic framework to the different elements of agricultural R&D, particularly as they relate to the shift from public to private funding. Individual chapters examine the sources of agricultural knowledge and investigate challenges for measuring the returns to the adoption of new agricultural technologies, examine knowledge spillovers from universities to agricultural innovation, and explore interactions between university engagement and scientific productivity. Additional analysis of agricultural venture capital point to it as an emerging and future source of resource in this essential domain"--