Handbook of Ferroalloys

Handbook of Ferroalloys
Author: Michael Gasik
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Total Pages: 537
Release: 2013-05-04
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0080977669

This handbook gathers, reviews and concisely presents the core principles and varied technology involved in processing ferroalloys. Background content in thermodynamics, kinetics, heat and mass transfer is accompanied by an overview of electrical furnaces theory and practice as well as sustainability issues. The work includes detailed coverage of the major technologies of ferrosilicon, ferronickel, ferromolybdenum, ferrotungsten, ferrovanadium, ferromanganese and lesser known minor ferroalloys. Distilling the results of many years' experience in ferroalloys, Michael Gasik has assembled contributions from the worlds' foremost experts. The work is therefore a unique source for scientists, engineers and university students, exploring in depth an area which is one of the most versatile and increasingly used fields within modern metallurgy. - All-in-one source for the major ferroalloys and their metallurgical processing technologies, cutting research time otherwise spent digging through old handbooks or review articles. - In-depth discussion of the C, Si, Al-reduction, groups II-VIII of the periodic table, supporting analysis of metallurgical processing. - Contemporary coverage includes environment and energy saving issues.

Ferroalloys

Ferroalloys
Author: Mikhail Gasik
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 531
Release: 2020-09-23
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3030575020

This book outlines the physical and chemical foundations of high-temperature processes for producing silicon, manganese and chromium ferroalloys, alloys of molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, alkaline earth and rare earth metals, niobium, zirconium, aluminum, boron, nickel, cobalt, phosphorus, selenium and tellurium, iron-carbon alloys by carbon, silicone and aluminothermic methods. The chapters introduce the industrial production technologies of these groups of ferroalloys, the characteristics of charge materials, and the technological parameters of the melting processes. A description of ferroalloy furnaces is given in detail. Topics such as waste recycling, fines agglomeration technologies, and environmental issues are considered.

Production of Manganese Ferroalloys

Production of Manganese Ferroalloys
Author: Sverre E. Olsen
Publisher: Tapir Academic Press
Total Pages: 256
Release: 2007
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9788251921916

Progress in our knowledge of thermodynamics and physico-chemical factors in manganese ferroalloy production has developed rapidly during the past twenty-five years or so. The authors' intention has been to use this basic knowledge in discussions of industrial manganese ferroalloy production. The book presents the principles and current knowledge of processes in the production of high carbon ferromanganese, silicomanganese and low carbon manganese alloys. The book is intended for professionals working in production, plant design or development. It will also be useful for researchers in industry, universities and research institutes. The book can be used as a textbook for courses in extractive and process metallurgy, and for company in-house courses. Thermodynamics of the slag and metal systems are extensively covered. Computational modelling based on assessed thermochemical databases has made it possible to calculate and present a large number of phase and equilibrium diagrams. These diagrams are useful for easy understanding and analysis of the complex heterogeneous equilibria in the manganese ferroalloy metallurgy. The manganese ferroalloys are mainly produced in electric submerged arc furnaces. Electrical relations are briefly discussed. Supply of raw materials, especially manganese ores and coke, is extremely important for the manganese industry. The book gives the reader appropriate knowledge regarding the selection the best of available raw materials. Environmental issues, including greenhouse gas emissions and climate changes, are of growing concern to ferroalloy producers. Carbon will always be needed as a reducing agent, and consequently emission of CO2 gas is inevitable. The book describes solutions to dealing with pollution problems and gives the latest guidelines for greenhouse gas inventories.

Handbook of Ferroalloys

Handbook of Ferroalloys
Author: Lauri Holappa
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Total Pages: 27
Release: 2013-05-04
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0128054956

The word ferroalloy refers to an alloy of iron containing a significant proportion of one or more other elements like silicon, manganese, chromium, aluminum, or titanium. The main applications of ferroalloys occur in the steelmaking process. They are added to steel to improve properties like strength, ductility, and fatigue or corrosion resistance. Additionally, ferroalloys can have several other tasks, such as in refining, deoxidation, modification, and control of nonmetallic inclusions and precipitates. The production and role of ferroalloys are briefly introduced, both from a historical perspective and in light of current and future prospects. Examples of production figures, producers, and markets are presented. Recent developments and main drivers in ferroalloys processing, including energy saving, environmental issues, primary and secondary raw materials resources, and development trends in technology, are briefly discussed.

The Complete Book on Glass and Ceramics Technology (2nd Revised Edition)

The Complete Book on Glass and Ceramics Technology (2nd Revised Edition)
Author: NIIR Board of Consultants & Engineers
Publisher: ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.
Total Pages: 335
Release: 2017-04-09
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 8178331756

Ceramics also known as fire clay is an inorganic, non-metallic solid article, which is produced by the art or technique of heat and subsequent cooling. The ceramics industry in India came into existence about a century ago and has matured over time to form an industrial base. From traditional pottery making, the industry has evolved to find its place in the market for sophisticated insulators, electronic and electrical items. The ceramic industry has been modernizing continuously, by newer innovations in product design, quality etc. Glass is an inorganic product typically produced by melting a mixture of silica, soda and calcium compound with desired metallic oxides that serves as coloring agents. Indian glass industry will increase on the sidelines of real estate growth across retail, residential and office estate. Glass production involves the fusion of several inorganic substances. These various substances include products such as silica sand, soda ash, dolomite and limestone, representing together 99% of all the raw materials, excluding recycled glass. Glass-ceramics are mostly produced in two steps: First, a glass is formed by a glass-manufacturing process. The glass is cooled down and is then reheated in a second step. In this heat treatment the glass partly crystallizes. In most cases nucleation agents are added to the base composition of the glass-ceramic. These nucleation agents aid and control the crystallization process. Glass-ceramics are fine-grained polycrystalline materials formed when glasses of suitable compositions are heat treated and thus undergo controlled crystallization to the lower energy, crystalline state. It is important to emphasize a number of points in this statement on glass ceramics.Glass ceramics has helped the electronics industry build much smaller and highly efficient transistors, leading to advances in all types of devices. The book covers almost all important aspects of Glass and Ceramic Industry: Properties, Applications, Manufacturing, Processing and Photographs of Plant &Machinery with Supplier’s Contact Details. The major contents of the book are types of glasses, silicate glasses, boric oxide and borate glasses, phosphorus pentoxide and phosphate glasses, germanium dioxide and germanate glasses, titanate glasses, nitrate glasses, glasses based on water, halide glasses, modern glass working, monax and pyrex glass, electric welding, photo electric cells, glassy metals, analysis of glass, glass ceramics, ceramics as electrical materials, analysis of ceramics etc. The book will be useful to the consultants, technocrats, research scholars, libraries and existing units and new entrepreneurswho will find a good base to work further in this field. TAGS applications of Ceramics, Best small and cottage scale industries, Boric Oxide and Borate Glasses, Business guidance for glass ceramics, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business start-up, Ceramic and glass business, ceramic business ideas, Ceramic forming techniques, Ceramic Industry, Ceramic Material Manufacturing Methods, Ceramic processing, Ceramics and Glass Technology, Ceramics Based Profitable Projects, Ceramics Based Small Scale Industries Projects, ceramics business plan, Ceramics Forming Processes, Ceramics pottery Manufacturing, Ceramics Processing Projects, Ceramics Production Industry in India, Chalcogenide Glasses, Germanium Dioxide and Germanate Glasses, Glass & ceramics Business, Glass & ceramics Small Business Manufacturing, Glass and Ceramics, glass and ceramics industry, Glass and Ceramics Technology, Glass Based Profitable Projects, Glass Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Glass Ceramic Products, Glass Ceramics Industry, glass ceramics properties, Glass Forming & Processing, glass forming process, Glass Forming Technology, Glass making - Industry process, Glass Manufacture and Processing, Glass Manufacturing Process, Glass Processing Projects, Glass production, Glass Production Industry in India, Glass-ceramic materials, Glass-ceramics: their production, properties and potential, Great Opportunity for Startup, Halide Glasses, How to Start a Ceramic Business, How to Start a Ceramics Production Business, How to start a glass & ceramics business?, How to Start a Glass Production Business, How to start a successful glass ceramics business, How to Start Ceramics Production Industry in India, How to Start Glass Production Industry in India, Modern Glass Working, Modern Small and Cottage Scale Industries, Monax and Pyrex Glass, Most Profitable Ceramics manufacturing Business Ideas, Most Profitable Glass manufacturing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Ceramics Production industry, New small scale ideas in Glass Production industry, Nitrate Glasses, Phosphorus Pentoxide and Phosphate Glasses, Processing Glass and Glass-Ceramics, Production of Glass Ceramic, Profitable Small and Cottage Scale Industries, Profitable Small Scale glass ceramics manufacturing, Project for startups, Properties of Ceramics, Setting up and opening your glass & ceramics Business, Setting up of glass ceramics Processing Units, Silicate Glasses, Small Scale Ceramics Production Projects, Small scale Commercial glass & ceramics industry, Small scale glass & ceramics production line, Small Scale Glass Production Projects, Small Start-up Business Project, Start Up India, Stand Up India, Start your own business in ceramics, Starting a Ceramic Business, Starting a Ceramics Production Business, Starting a Glass Production Business, Start-up Business Plan for glass & ceramics, Startup ideas, Startup Project, Startup Project for glass & ceramics Industry, Startup project plan

The Complete Book on Onion & Garlic Cultivation with Processing (Production of Onion Paste, Flakes, Powder & Garlic Paste, Powder, Flakes, Oil)

The Complete Book on Onion & Garlic Cultivation with Processing (Production of Onion Paste, Flakes, Powder & Garlic Paste, Powder, Flakes, Oil)
Author: NPCS Board of Consultants & Engineers
Publisher: ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.
Total Pages: 415
Release: 2015-08-10
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 8178331594

Onion and garlic are the spice commodities used for flavouring the dishes. These are considered as valuable medicinal plants offer variety of medicinal properties. Onion & garlic are important commercial crops with versatile applications. The demand for the processed products is increasing day by day due to its convenience to handle and use. Onion & garlic can be processed into a wide variety of products. As per the estimate, approximately 6.75% of the onion produced is being processed. Besides fulfilling the constant demand of domestic population, India exports 13 to 18 lakh tons of onion annually worth around Rs. 2200 crores of foreign exchange revenue. Similarly in case of garlic, the production increased from 4.03 lakh tons to 12.26 lakh tons. Proper placement of onion & garlic products (like; onion pickle, onion chutney, onion paste, garlic oil, garlic paste, garlic powder, garlic flakes, onion flakes, onion powder) in the departmental stores, super markets, shopping malls backed-up by publicity is the key to success. It is also possible to have tie-up with exclusive restaurants, star hotels, renowned caterers for their regular requirements. This handbook is designed for use by everyone engaged in the onion & garlic products manufacturing. The book explains manufacturing process with flow diagrams of various onion & garlic products and addresses of plant & machinery suppliers with their photographs. Major contents of the book are varieties of onion, onion production, onion dehydration, types of garlic, garlic growing, garlic dehydration, onion pickle, onion chutney, onion paste, garlic oil, garlic paste, garlic powder, garlic flakes, onion flakes, onion powder, pest species and pest control of garlic and onion, integrated weed management, packaging, product advertising and sales promotion, marketing etc. It will be a standard reference book for professionals, entrepreneurs, food technologists, those studying and researching in this important area and others interested in the field of onion & garlic products manufacturing. TAGS Best small and cottage scale industries, Business consultancy, Business consultant, Business guidance for garlic production, Business guidance for onion production, Business guidance to clients, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business start-up, Cultivation of garlic, Cultivation of Onion, Dehydrated Garlic & Garlic Powder, Dehydrated Garlic, Dehydrated Onion & Onion Powder, Dehydrated Onion, Garlic and Onion production, Garlic and Onion production Business, Garlic and Onion Small Business Manufacturing, Garlic dehydration, Garlic Oil manufacturing process, Garlic paste manufacturing process, Garlic powder manufacturing plant, Garlic powder manufacturing process, Garlic powder processing plant, Garlic processing plant, Garlic Production, Growing Garlic, Harvesting Garlic, How to Cultivate Onions, How to Grow Garlic, How to Grow Onions, How to make onion powder, How to start a successful Garlic and Onion production business, How to Start Garlic and Onion production business, How to Start Onion and Garlic Processing Industry in India, How to Start Onion and Garlic Production Business, Manufacturing Process of Garlic Flakes, Manufacturing Process of Garlic Paste, Manufacturing Process of Onion Chutney, Manufacturing Process of Onion Flakes, Manufacturing Process of Onion Paste, Manufacturing Process of Onion Powder, Modern small and cottage scale industries, Most Profitable Onion and Garlic Processing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Garlic and Onion processing industry, Onion & Garlic Cultivation with Processing, Onion and Garlic Based Profitable Projects, Onion and Garlic Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Onion and Garlic Processing Industry in India, Onion and Garlic Processing Projects, Onion cultivation, Onion cultivation in India, Onion dehydration plant in India, Onion dehydration process, Onion farming business plan, Onion Farming in India, Onion farming techniques, Onion Pickle Manufacturing Process, Onion powder making plant, Onion Powder, Onion Processing and Onion Products, Onion processing industry, Onion processing plant, Onion processing unit, Onion production, Onion Storage, Onions powder making, Pest species and pest control of garlic and onion, Preparation of Project Profiles, Process technology books, Processing of garlic, Profitable small and cottage scale industries, Profitable Small Scale Garlic and Onion Manufacturing, Project for startups, Project identification and selection, Setting up and opening your Garlic and Onion Business, Small scale Commercial Garlic and Onion by products making, Small scale Garlic and Onion production line, Small Scale Onion and Garlic Processing Projects, Small Start-up Business Project, Start up India, Stand up India, Starting an Onion and Garlic Processing Business, Startup, Start-up Business Plan for Garlic and Onion by products, Startup ideas, Startup Project, Startup Project for Onion and Garlic by products, Startup project plan, Technology Book of Garlic Cultivation and processing, Technology Book of Onion Cultivation and processing, Technology Package of Garlic Processing for Value Addition, Varieties of garlic, Varieties of onion

The Complete Technology Book on Textile Spinning, Weaving, Finishing and Printing (3rd Revised Edition)

The Complete Technology Book on Textile Spinning, Weaving, Finishing and Printing (3rd Revised Edition)
Author: NIIR Board of Consultants & Engineers
Publisher: ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.
Total Pages: 305
Release: 2017-09-09
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 8178331632

Textile industry is one of the few basic industries, which is characterised as a necessary component of human life. One may classify it as a more glamorous industry, but whatever it is, it provides with the basic requirement called clothes. Spinning is the process of converting cotton or manmade fibre into yarn to be used for weaving and knitting. Weaving is a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth. Finishing refers to the processes that convert the woven or knitted cloth into a usable material. Printing is the process of applying colour to fabric in definite patterns or designs. The textile industry occupies an important position in the total volume of merchandise trade across countries. Developing countries account for little over two-third of world exports in textiles and clothing. It is the second largest employer after agriculture, providing employment to over 45 million people directly and 60 million people indirectly. The future for the textile industry looks promising, buoyed by both strong domestic consumption as well as export demand. This book is based on the latest technology involved in textile industry, which describes the processes available at the spinning and fabric forming stages coupled with the complexities of the finishing and colouration processes to the production of wide ranges of products. The major contents of the book are dyeing of textile materials, principles of spinning, process preparatory to spinning, principles of weaving, textile chemicals, yarn preparation, weaving and woven fabrics, knitting and knit fabrics, nonconventional fabrics, cellulosics, mixed fibers, printing compositions, printing processes, transfer dyes, transfer inks etc. It describes the manufacturing processes and photographs of plant & machinery with supplier’s contact details. It will be a standard reference book for professionals, entrepreneurs, textile mill owners, those studying and researching in this important area and others interested in the field of textile industry. TAGS Business guidance for textile industry, Business guidance to clients, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business Plan for Opening a Textile Manufacturing, Cotton spinning Business, Dyeing Of Textile Materials, Finishing (textiles), Great Opportunity for Startup, How to Run a Successful Textile Print Business, How to set up my own textile business, How to Start a Business in Textile Sector, How to Start a Small Business in Textile, How to start a successful Textile industry, How to start a textile design business, How to start a textile industry, How to Start a Textile Spinning and Weaving Business, How to start a weaving business, How to start textile business, How to Start Textile Finishing and Printing Industry in India, How to start textile manufacturing business in India, How to start textile shop, How to Start Textile Spinning and Weaving Industry in India, How to start textile spinning business, Introduction of Textile Finishing Process, Knitted fabric, Knitting and knit fabrics, Knitting Technology, Most Profitable Textile Finishing and Printing Business Ideas, Most Profitable Textile Spinning and Weaving Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Textile Finishing and Printing industry, New small scale ideas in Textile Spinning and Weaving industry, Opening a Textile Mill Business in India, Printing on textiles, Process of making cotton fabric, Profitable Small Scale textile manufacturing, Setting up and opening your Textile Finishing and Printing Business, Setting up and opening your Textile Spinning and Weaving Business, Small scale Commercial Textile industry, Small Scale Textile Finishing and Printing Projects, Small scale Textile production line, Small Scale Textile Spinning and Weaving Projects, Spinning (textiles), Starting a Textile Business Startup, Starting a Textile Finishing and Printing Business, Starting a Textile Spinning and Weaving Business, Start-up Business Plan for Textile Spinning and Weaving, Startup ideas, Startup Project for Textile Finishing and Printing, Startup Project for Textile Spinning and Weaving, Startup project plan, Technology Book on Textile Spinning, Weaving, Finishing and Printing, Textile Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Textile business opportunities, Textile business plan, Textile Chemicals, Textile Designing and Colouring, Textile Finishing and Printing Based Profitable Projects, Textile Finishing and Printing Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Textile Finishing and Printing Industry in India, Textile Finishing and Printing Projects, Textile Industry Manufacturing & Finishing Process, Textile manufacturing, Textile Manufacturing Process, Textile printing process, Textile printing techniques, Textile production processes, Textile Spinning and Weaving Based Profitable Projects, Textile Spinning and Weaving Business, Textile Spinning and Weaving Industry in India, Textile Spinning Mills, Textile spinning weaving process, Textiles Business Opportunities, Types of Knitted Fabric, Types of textile printing, Weaving and woven fabrics, Weaving Textile Technology, Yarn manufacturing process

Handbook of Ferroalloys

Handbook of Ferroalloys
Author: Johan Basson
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Total Pages: 50
Release: 2013-05-04
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0128055022

High carbon ferrochrome is one of the most common ferroalloys produced and is almost exclusively used in the production of stainless steel and high chromium steels. Production takes place primarily in countries with substantial chromite ore supply. Relatively cheap electricity and reductants also contribute to the viability of high carbon ferrochrome. The most common production technology utilized is submerged arc smelting in AC furnaces, although open arc smelting in DC furnaces is becoming increasingly common. A more advanced technology route that includes a prereduction step is only utilized at significant scale by one producer. Production processes have become more energy and metallurgically efficient by utilizing advanced processes such as prereduction, preheating, agglomeration of ore, and CO gas utilization. Recently installed plants display manageable risks in terms of environmental pollution and occupational health.