Systematic Studies On The Leafhopper Subfamily Cicadellinae Hemipteracicadellidae
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Author | : Daniela Maeda Takiya |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 352 |
Release | : 2007 |
Genre | : Hemiptera |
ISBN | : 9780549097082 |
Cicadellinae includes approximately 340 genera and over 2,000 species distributed worldwide, with member commonly referred to as sharpshooters. Sharpshooters are specialists on xylem sap, one of the nutritionally poorest diets, along with related cicadas and spittlebugs. Statistical analyses using phylogenetic contrasts of hemipteran body sizes did not show a significant increase in xylem feeding lineages, but results should be viewed cautiously. Sharpshooters host two mutualistic bacterial endosymbionts to complement their poor diet. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted based on the 16SrDNA from Baumannia and Sulcia and on COI, COII, 16SrDNA, and H3 for 29 leafhopper hosts. A congruent evolutionary history of both Baumannia and Sulcia with their sharpshooter hosts is supported based on all (Baumannia) or most (Sulcia ) statistical tests conducted here, suggesting a long-term association of these bacteria with their hosts. Additionally in this thesis, studies on the taxonomy of economically important genus Homalodisca are presented. Finally, incongruence in the higher-level classification of Cicadellinae is mainly due to the lack of robust phylogenetic hypotheses, like the one presented in this thesis. A morphological study based on 183 characters coded for 170 taxa and a molecular study based on partial regions of COI, COII, 16S rDNA, and H3 gene sequences from 91 taxa. Results support changes in the higher-level classification of Cicadellinae including: the erection of the tribe Oncometopiini based on previous members of the Proconiini; the treatment of Phereurhinini within the subfamily Cicadellinae; and placements of 9 genera in different tribes. Furthermore, based on a combined analysis, the origin of the egg-powdering behavior and related sexually-dimorphic morphological characteristics were studied. Results suggest a single origin of the egg-powdering behavior, possibly in the ancestor of Phereurhinini and Oncometopiini. Modifications of the female hindlegs for scraping the brochosomes off onto the egg nests were also acquired once in the ancestor of the Oncometopiini, while modifications on the female forewing setation for better anchoring of brochosome pellets, seem to have been acquired multiple times. Multiple losses of the behavior and its related associated traits occurred in various oncometopiine lineages.
Author | : Sindhu Manubhai Krishnankutty |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 132 |
Release | : 2006 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Sindhu M.K |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 76 |
Release | : 2004 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Charles Eugene Mason |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 420 |
Release | : 1971 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Stuart H. McKamey |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 408 |
Release | : 2007 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : |
Author | : M. R. Wilson |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2009 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Steven M. Goodman |
Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
Total Pages | : 2297 |
Release | : 2022-11-15 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0691229406 |
A marvelously illustrated reference to the natural wonders of one of the most spectacular places on earth Separated from Africa’s mainland for tens of millions of years, Madagascar has evolved a breathtaking wealth of biodiversity, becoming home to thousands of species found nowhere else on the planet. The New Natural History of Madagascar provides the most comprehensive, up-to-date synthesis available of this island nation’s priceless biological treasures. Now fully revised and expanded, this beautifully illustrated compendium features contributions by more than 600 globally renowned experts who cover the history of scientific exploration in Madagascar, as well as the island’s geology and soils, climate, forest ecology, human ecology, marine and coastal ecosystems, plants, invertebrates, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. This invaluable two-volume reference also includes detailed discussions of conservation efforts in Madagascar that showcase several successful protected area programs that can serve as models for threatened ecosystems throughout the world. Provides the most comprehensive overview of Madagascar’s rich natural history Coedited by 18 different specialists Features hundreds of new contributions by world-class experts Includes hundreds of new illustrations Covers a broad array of topics, from geology and climate to animals, plants, and marine life Sheds light on newly discovered species and draws on the latest science An essential resource for anyone interested in Madagascar or tropical ecosystems in general, from biologists and conservationists to ecotourists and armchair naturalists
Author | : P. C. Jain |
Publisher | : New India Publishing |
Total Pages | : 562 |
Release | : 2007-01-04 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9788189422325 |
The book gives a vast knowledge about the progress made in Indian on different entomological aspects. the book will serve as a complete source book on research techniques and practices of pests management, advanced genetic and biotechnological researches, new pests management technologies on different crops, pesticidal contamination status in environment. The book has been written for teachers, students, researchers and extension workers engaged in pests management strategies
Author | : Illinois. Natural History Survey Division |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 272 |
Release | : 2002 |
Genre | : Natural history |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Robert G. Foottit |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 1635 |
Release | : 2018-04-11 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 111894559X |
Volume Two of the new guide to the study of biodiversity in insects Volume Two of Insect Biodiversity: Science and Society presents an entirely new, companion volume of a comprehensive resource for the most current research on the influence insects have on humankind and on our endangered environment. With contributions from leading researchers and scholars on the topic, the text explores relevant topics including biodiversity in different habitats and regions, taxonomic groups, and perspectives. Volume Two offers coverage of insect biodiversity in regional settings, such as the Arctic and Asia, and in particular habitats including crops, caves, and islands. The authors also include information on historical, cultural, technical, and climatic perspectives of insect biodiversity. This book explores the wide variety of insect species and their evolutionary relationships. Case studies offer assessments on how insect biodiversity can help meet the needs of a rapidly expanding human population, and examine the consequences that an increased loss of insect species will have on the world. This important text: Offers the most up-to-date information on the important topic of insect biodiversity Explores vital topics such as the impact on insect biodiversity through habitat loss and degradation and climate change With its companion Volume I, presents current information on the biodiversity of all insect orders Contains reviews of insect biodiversity in culture and art, in the fossil record, and in agricultural systems Includes scientific approaches and methods for the study of insect biodiversity The book offers scientists, academics, professionals, and students a guide for a better understanding of the biology and ecology of insects, highlighting the need to sustainably manage ecosystems in an ever-changing global environment.