The collective monograph is devoted to the study of development trends of modern Ukrainian society. The study uses an interdisciplinary approach that allows you to analyze various aspects of the development of social processes in Ukraine and obtain socially significant scientific results. Svitlana Bogatchuk analyzes the processes of formation of applied research centers and attempts to form an educational system to improve the functioning of Ukrainian railways in the late nineteenth century. The study notes that the development of advanced industrial technologies at the time was impossible without adequate technical, scientific and human resources. Igor Mazylo continues to study the history of railway transport. The researcher emphasizes that railway transport during the Soviet-German war played an exclusive role in transporting the needs of the front and the reconstruction process in the economy. The section prepared by Tatiana Pikovskaya is devoted to the solution of the national question in the programs of political parties of national minorities. The history of the First Czechoslovak Republic is part of the political history of Ukraine, because as a result of international treaties concluded after the First World War, Transcarpathian Russia became part of Czechoslovakia under the name "Subcarpathian Russ". This was the impetus for the formation of a democratic multiparty system in the region. The section highlights the peculiarities of Transcarpathian political parties of this period. Among them are multipartyism, the presence of a large number of Hungarian, German, and Jewish parties in addition to the Ukrainian one. In his section, Zorislav Makarov studies the historical-philosophical and methodological preconditions of the current sociological, post-positivist and postmodern critique of scientific rationality and deterministic ideas at the heart of its ontology. The author clarifies the reasons and prospects of significant philosophical and methodological reflection of communicative aspects of scientific rationality on the material of advanced science development of quantum and "nonlinear" samples of ontology and the corresponding improvement of scientific description. In the study of Igor Bielkin research reveals the methodological principles of effective use of the business game algorithm as a leading method of active training of future specialists in the field of management and business in modern institutions of higher education. Emphasis is placed on the modernization of the content of the educational process taking into account the current needs of professional training of modern managers using gaming technologies. Attention is paid to the implementation of communication comfort of students in vocational training in higher education institutions in the game environment, as well as the use of business games as a method of interactive learning of students in the real production process. Volodymir Mangora researches the peculiarities of information and legal support of legal education in modern Ukraine. The analysis of the current legislation regulating information and legal support of legal education is carried out. The main problems of information and legal support of legal education in terms of distance learning are identified. Proposals have been developed to improve the training of future lawyers. Tamila Mangora on the basis of studying the life of A. Yakovliv considered his formation as a lawyer and historian of law, analyzed the process of transformation of his political and legal views. As a result of studying the works of A. Yakovliv, his views on the sources of Ukrainian law, Ukrainian-Moscow treaties, ideas about the formation of the Ukrainian nation and the formation of the state are highlighted. The content of the collective monograph corresponds to the direction of research work of the Department of History of Ukraine and Philosophy of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University "Study of trends in socio-economic development and 5 consolidation of Ukrainian society in modern history of Ukraine." In writing the monograph were used: historical and genetic method, statistical analysis, sociological and pedagogical research.