Sizing Optimization Of A Wind Solar Hydrogen Fuel Cell Hybrid Renewable Energy System For Data Center Workloads
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| Author | : Jaume Salom |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 337 |
| Release | : 2022-09-01 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1000799352 |
The rapid increase of cloud computing, high performance computing (HPC) and the vast growth in Internet and Social Media use have aroused the interest in energy consumption and the carbon footprint of Data Centres. Data Centres primarily contain electronic equipment used for data processing (servers), data storage (storage equipment), and communications (network equipment). Collectively, this equipment processes, stores, and transmits digital information and is known as information technology (IT) equipment. Advanced Concepts for Renewable Energy Supply of Data Centres introduces a number of technical solutions for the supply of power and cooling energy into Data Centres with enhanced utilisation of renewable energy sources in order to achieve low energy Data Centres. Because of the high energy density nature of these unique infrastructures, it is essential to implement energy efficiency measures and reduce consumption before introducing any renewable energy source. A holistic approach is used with the objective of integrating many technical solutions such as management of the IT (Information Technology) load, efficient electrical supply to the IT systems, Low-Ex air-conditioning systems, interaction with district heating and cooling networks, re-use of heat, free cooling (air, seawater, groundwater), optimal use of heat and cold storage, electrical storage and integration in smart grids. This book is therefore a catalogue of advanced technical concepts that could be integrated into Data Centres portfolio in order to increase the overall efficiency and the share of renewable energies in power and cooling supply. Based on dynamic energy models implemented in TRNSYS some concepts are deeply evaluated through yearly simulations. The results of the simulation are illustrated with Sankey charts, where the energy flows per year within the subsystems of each concept for a selected scenario are shown, and graphs showing the results of parametric analysis. A set of environmental metrics (as the non-renewable primary energy) and financial metrics (CAPEX and OPEX) as well of energy efficiency metrics like the well-known PUE, are described and used to evaluate the different technical concepts.
| Author | : Soteris Kalogirou |
| Publisher | : Nova Publishers |
| Total Pages | : 488 |
| Release | : 2007 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 9781600212611 |
This book presents state of the art applications of artificial intelligence in energy and renewable energy systems design and modelling. It covers such topics as solar energy, wind energy, biomass and hydrogen as well as building services systems, power generation systems, combustion processes and refrigeration. In all these areas applications of artificial intelligence methods such as artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms, fuzzy logic and a combination of the above, called hybrid systems, are included. The book is intended for a wide audience ranging from the undergraduate level up to the research academic and industrial communities dealing with modelling and performance prediction of energy and renewable energy systems.
| Author | : M. H. Nehrir |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 316 |
| Release | : 2009-03-11 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0470233281 |
The only book available on fuel cell modeling and control with distributed power generation applications The emerging fuel cell (FC) technology is growing rapidly in its applications from small-scale portable electronics to large-scale power generation. This book gives students, engineers, and scientists a solid understanding of the FC dynamic modeling and controller design to adapt FCs to particular applications in distributed power generation. The book begins with a fascinating introduction to the subject, including a brief history of the U.S. electric utility formation and restructuring. Next, it provides coverage of power deregulation and distributed generation (DG), DG types, fuel cell DGs, and the hydrogen economy. Building on that foundation, it covers: Principle operations of fuel cells Dynamic modeling and simulation of PEM and solid-oxide fuel cells Principle operations and modeling of electrolyzers Power electronic interfacing circuits for fuel cell applications Control of grid-connected and stand-alone fuel cell power generation systems Hybrid fuel cell–based energy system case studies Present challenges and the future of fuel cells MATLAB/SIMULINK-based models and their applications are available via a companion Web site. Modeling and Control of Fuel Cells is an excellent reference book for students and professionals in electrical, chemical, and mechanical engineering and scientists working in the FC area.
| Author | : J K Kaldellis |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 577 |
| Release | : 2010-07-27 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1845699629 |
Wind power is fast becoming one of the leading renewable energy sources worldwide, not only from large scale wind farms but also from the increasing penetration of stand-alone and hybrid wind energy systems. These systems are primarily of benefit in small-scale applications, especially where there is no connection to a central electricity network, and where there are limited conventional fuel resources but available renewable energy resources. By applying appropriate planning, systems selection and sizing, including the integration of energy storage devices to mitigate variable energy generation patterns, theses systems can supply secure reliable and economic power to remote locations and distributed micro-grids.Stand-alone and hybrid wind energy systems is a synthesis of the most recent knowledge and experience on wind-based hybrid renewable energy systems, comprehensively covering the scientific, technical and socio-economic issues involved in the application of these systems.Part one presents an overview of the fundamental science and engineering of stand-alone and hybrid wind energy systems and energy storage technology, including design and performance optimisation methods and feasibility assessment for these systems. Part two initially reviews the design, development, operation and optimisation of stand-alone and hybrid wind energy systems – including wind-diesel, wind -photovoltaic (PV), wind-hydrogen, and wind-hydropower energy systems – before moving on to examine applicable energy storage technology, including electro-chemical, flywheel (kinetic) and compressed air energy storage technologies. Finally, Part three assesses the integration of stand-alone and hybrid wind energy systems and energy technology into remote micro-grids and buildings, and their application for desalination systems.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Stand-alone and hybrid wind energy systems is a standard reference for all renewable energy professionals, consultants, researchers and academics from post-graduate level up. - Provides an overview of the fundamental science and engineering of stand-alone hybrid and wind energy systems, including design and performance optimisation methods - Reviews the development and operation of stand-alone and hybrid wind energy systems - Assesses the integration of stand-alone and hybrid wind energy systems and energy storage technology into remote micro-grids and buildings, and their application for desalination systems
| Author | : Alireza Khaligh |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 529 |
| Release | : 2017-12-19 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1351834029 |
Also called energy scavenging, energy harvesting captures, stores, and uses "clean" energy sources by employing interfaces, storage devices, and other units. Unlike conventional electric power generation systems, renewable energy harvesting does not use fossil fuels and the generation units can be decentralized, thereby significantly reducing transmission and distribution losses. But advanced technical methods must be developed to increase the efficiency of devices in harvesting energy from environmentally friendly, "green" resources and converting them into electrical energy. Recognizing this need, Energy Harvesting: Solar, Wind, and Ocean Energy Conversion Systems describes various energy harvesting technologies, different topologies, and many types of power electronic interfaces for stand-alone utilization or grid connection of energy harvesting applications. Along with providing all the necessary concepts and theoretical background, the authors develop simulation models throughout the text to build a practical understanding of system analysis and modeling. With a focus on solar energy, the first chapter discusses the I−V characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) systems, PV models and equivalent circuits, sun tracking systems, maximum power point tracking systems, shading effects, and power electronic interfaces for grid-connected and stand-alone PV systems. It also presents sizing criteria for applications and modern solar energy applications, including residential, vehicular, naval, and space applications. The next chapter reviews different types of wind turbines and electrical machines as well as various power electronic interfaces. After explaining the energy generation technologies, optimal operation principles, and possible utilization techniques of ocean tidal energy harvesting, the book explores near- and offshore approaches for harvesting the kinetic and potential energy of ocean waves. It also describes the required absorber, turbine, and generator types, along with the power electronic interfaces for grid connection and commercialized ocean wave energy conversion applications. The final chapter deals with closed, open, and hybrid-cycle ocean thermal energy conversion systems.
| Author | : Robert Graybill |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 387 |
| Release | : 2013-04-17 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 1475762178 |
With the advent of portable and autonomous computing systems, power con sumption has emerged as a focal point in many research projects, commercial systems and DoD platforms. One current research initiative, which drew much attention to this area, is the Power Aware Computing and Communications (PAC/C) program sponsored by DARPA. Many of the chapters in this book include results from work that have been supported by the PACIC program. The performance of computer systems has been tremendously improving while the size and weight of such systems has been constantly shrinking. The capacities of batteries relative to their sizes and weights has been also improv ing but at a rate which is much slower than the rate of improvement in computer performance and the rate of shrinking in computer sizes. The relation between the power consumption of a computer system and it performance and size is a complex one which is very much dependent on the specific system and the technology used to build that system. We do not need a complex argument, however, to be convinced that energy and power, which is the rate of energy consumption, are becoming critical components in computer systems in gen eral, and portable and autonomous systems, in particular. Most of the early research on power consumption in computer systems ad dressed the issue of minimizing power in a given platform, which usually translates into minimizing energy consumption, and thus, longer battery life.
| Author | : Arno A. Evers |
| Publisher | : Hydrogeit Verlag |
| Total Pages | : 165 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3937863311 |
Erhaps even more attractive is the idea to use the sun's heat for splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen and storing them in two separate vessels. The high temperature produced by recombining oxygen and hydrogen is known to be the most intense heat available to mankind. Moreover, one could use the hydrogen for lighting, and inexpensively produced oxygen would also close a longstanding gap. But how can one use the sun's energy to split water? In my opinion, thermopiles, which have already accomplished excellent performance, could solve this problem ..."--The Back Cover.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 1002 |
| Release | : 1975 |
| Genre | : Aeronautics |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Ibrahim Dincer |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 657 |
| Release | : 2014-07-15 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0123838614 |
Advanced Power Generation Systems examines the full range of advanced multiple output thermodynamic cycles that can enable more sustainable and efficient power production from traditional methods, as well as driving the significant gains available from renewable sources. These advanced cycles can harness the by-products of one power generation effort, such as electricity production, to simultaneously create additional energy outputs, such as heat or refrigeration. Gas turbine-based, and industrial waste heat recovery-based combined, cogeneration, and trigeneration cycles are considered in depth, along with Syngas combustion engines, hybrid SOFC/gas turbine engines, and other thermodynamically efficient and environmentally conscious generation technologies. The uses of solar power, biomass, hydrogen, and fuel cells in advanced power generation are considered, within both hybrid and dedicated systems. The detailed energy and exergy analysis of each type of system provided by globally recognized author Dr. Ibrahim Dincer will inform effective and efficient design choices, while emphasizing the pivotal role of new methodologies and models for performance assessment of existing systems. This unique resource gathers information from thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, and energy system design to provide a single-source guide to solving practical power engineering problems. - The only complete source of info on the whole array of multiple output thermodynamic cycles, covering all the design options for environmentally-conscious combined production of electric power, heat, and refrigeration - Offers crucial instruction on realizing more efficiency in traditional power generation systems, and on implementing renewable technologies, including solar, hydrogen, fuel cells, and biomass - Each cycle description clarified through schematic diagrams, and linked to sustainable development scenarios through detailed energy, exergy, and efficiency analyses - Case studies and examples demonstrate how novel systems and performance assessment methods function in practice
| Author | : Yogendra Joshi |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 635 |
| Release | : 2012-03-20 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1441971246 |
Energy Efficient Thermal Management of Data Centers examines energy flow in today's data centers. Particular focus is given to the state-of-the-art thermal management and thermal design approaches now being implemented across the multiple length scales involved. The impact of future trends in information technology hardware, and emerging software paradigms such as cloud computing and virtualization, on thermal management are also addressed. The book explores computational and experimental characterization approaches for determining temperature and air flow patterns within data centers. Thermodynamic analyses using the second law to improve energy efficiency are introduced and used in proposing improvements in cooling methodologies. Reduced-order modeling and robust multi-objective design of next generation data centers are discussed.
