Solar Cell Device Physics

Solar Cell Device Physics
Author: Stephen J. Fonash
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 353
Release: 2012-12-02
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0323154638

Solar Cell Device Physics offers a balanced, in-depth qualitative and quantitative treatment of the physical principles and operating characteristics of solar cell devices. Topics covered include photovoltaic energy conversion and solar cell materials and structures, along with homojunction solar cells. Semiconductor-semiconductor heterojunction cells and surface-barrier solar cells are also discussed. This book consists of six chapters and begins by introducing the reader to the basic physical principles and materials properties that are the foundations of photovoltaic energy conversion, with emphasis on various photovoltaic devices capable of efficiently converting solar energy into usable electrical energy. The electronic and optical properties of crystalline, polycrystalline, and amorphous materials with both organic and inorganic materials are considered, together with the manner in which these properties change from one material class to another and the implications of such changes for photovoltaics. Generation, recombination, and bulk transport are also discussed. The two mechanisms of photocarrier collection in solar cells, drift and diffusion, are then compared. The remaining chapters focus on specific solar cell device classes defined in terms of the interface structure employed: homojunctions, semiconductor-semiconductor heterojunctions, and surface-barrier devices. This monograph is appropriate for use as a textbook for graduate students in engineering and the sciences and for seniors in electrical engineering and applied physics, as well as a reference book for those actively involved in solar cell research and development.

Blast Protection of Civil Infrastructures and Vehicles Using Composites

Blast Protection of Civil Infrastructures and Vehicles Using Composites
Author: Nasim Uddin
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 448
Release: 2010-03-12
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1845698037

With the upsurge in terrorism in recent years and the possibility of accidental blast threats, there is growing interest in manufacturing blast 'hardened' structures and retrofitting blast mitigation materials to existing structures. Composites provide the ideal material for blast protection as they can be engineered to give different levels of protection by varying the reinforcements and matrices.Part one discusses general technical issues with chapters on topics such as blast threats and types of blast damage, processing polymer matrix composites for blast protection, standards and specifications for composite blast protection materials, high energy absorbing composite materials for blast resistant design, modelling the blast response of hybrid laminated composite plates and the response of composite panels to blast wave pressure loadings. Part two reviews applications including ceramic matrix composites for ballistic protection of vehicles and personnel, using composites to protect military vehicles from mine blasts, blast protection of buildings using FRP matrix composites, using composites in blast resistant walls for offshore, naval and defence related structures, using composites to improve the blast resistance of columns in buildings, retrofitting using fibre reinforced polymer composites for blast protection of buildings and retrofitting to improve the blast response of concrete masonry walls.With its distinguished editor and team of expert contributors, Blast protection of civil infrastructures and vehicles using composites is a standard reference for all those concerned with protecting structures from the effects of blasts in both the civil and military sectors. - Reviews the role of composites in blast protection with an examination of technical issues, applications of composites and ceramic matrix composites - Presents numerical examples of simplified blast load computation and an overview of the basics of high explosives includes important properties and physical forms - Varying applications of composites for protection are explored including military and non-military vehicles and increased resistance in building columns and masonry walls

Magnetorheological Materials and their Applications

Magnetorheological Materials and their Applications
Author: Seung-Bok Choi
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology
Total Pages: 443
Release: 2019-06-03
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1785617702

The rheological properties of magnetorheological (MR) materials, such as their viscosity and dynamic modulus, can be tuned or controlled by changing the intensity of the magnetic field using appropriate control schemes. Thanks to their robustness, performance and smart properties, numerous studies have been undertaken on the development of new MR materials, and microscopic and macroscopic modelling approaches. Novel applications include engine mounts and clutch systems in the automotive industry, shock absorbing safety devices for cockpit seats in aerospace, and shock absorption from movement in semi-active human prosthetic legs.

The Shock Absorber Handbook

The Shock Absorber Handbook
Author: John C. Dixon
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 432
Release: 2008-02-28
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0470516429

Every one of the many millions of cars manufactured annually worldwide uses shock absorbers, otherwise known as dampers. These form a vital part of the suspension system of any vehicle, essential for optimizing road holding, performance and safety. This, the second edition of the Shock Absorber Handbook (first edition published in 1999), remains the only English language book devoted to the subject. Comprehensive coverage of design, testing, installation and use of the damper has led to the book's acceptance as the authoritative text on the automotive applications of shock absorbers. In this second edition, the author presents a thorough revision of his book to bring it completely up to date. There are numerous detail improvements, and extensive new material has been added particularly on the many varieties of valve design in the conventional hydraulic damper, and on modern developments such as electrorheological and magnetorheological dampers. "The Shock Absorber Handbook, 2nd Edition" provides a thorough treatment of the issues surrounding the design and selection of shock absorbers. It is an invaluable handbook for those working in industry, as well as a principal reference text for students of mechanical and automotive engineering.

Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Vibration Problems

Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Vibration Problems
Author: Evangelos J. Sapountzakis
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 1203
Release: 2020-12-23
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9811580499

This book presents the select proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Vibration Problems (ICOVP 2019) held in Crete, Greece. The volume brings together contributions from researchers working on vibration related problems in a wide variety of engineering disciplines such as mechanical engineering, wind and earthquake engineering, nuclear engineering, aeronautics, robotics, and transport systems. The focus is on latest developments and cutting-edge methods in wave mechanics and vibrations, and includes theoretical, experimental, as well as applied studies. The range of topics and the up-to-date results covered in this volume make this interesting for students, researchers, and professionals alike.

Auxetic Materials and Structures

Auxetic Materials and Structures
Author: Teik-Cheng Lim
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 591
Release: 2014-12-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9812872752

This book lays down the foundation on the mechanics and design of auxetic solids and structures, solids that possess negative Poisson’s ratio. It will benefit two groups of readers: (a) industry practitioners, such as product and structural designers, who need to control mechanical stress distributions using auxetic materials, and (b) academic researchers and students who intend to produce unique mechanical and other physical properties of structures using auxetic materials.

Energy Absorption of Structures and Materials

Energy Absorption of Structures and Materials
Author: G Lu
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 419
Release: 2003-10-31
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1855738589

This important study focuses on the way in which structures and materials can be best designed to absorb kinetic energy in a controllable and predictable manner. Understanding of energy absorption of structures and materials is important in calculating the damage to structures caused by accidental collision, assessing the residual strength of structures after initial damage and in designing packaging to protect its contents in the event of impact. Whilst a great deal of recent research has taken place into the energy absorption behaviour of structures and materials and significant progress has been made, this knowledge is diffuse and widely scattered. This book offers a synthesis of the most recent developments and forms a detailed and comprehensive view of the area. It is an essential reference for all engineers concerned with materials engineering in relation to the theory of plasticity, structural mechanics and impact dynamics. - Important new study of energy absorption of engineering structures and materials - Shows how they can be designed to withstand sudden loading in a safe, controllable and predictable way - Illuminating case studies back up the theoretical analysis

Optical Properties of Solar Absorber Materials and Structures

Optical Properties of Solar Absorber Materials and Structures
Author: Liang-Yao Chen
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 187
Release: 2021-08-23
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9811634920

This book presents an overview of both the theory and experimental methods required to realize high efficiency solar absorber devices. It begins with a historical description of the study of spectrally selective solar absorber materials and structures based on optical principles and methods developed over the past few decades. The optical properties of metals and dielectric materials are addressed to provide the background necessary to achieve high performance of the solar absorber devices as applied in the solar energy field. In the following sections, different types of materials and structures, together with the relevant experimental methods, are discussed for practical construction and fabrication of the solar absorber devices, aiming to maximally harvest the solar energy while at the same time effectively suppressing the heat-emission loss. The optical principles and methods used to evaluate the performance of solar absorber devices with broad applications in different physical conditions are presented. The book is suitable for graduate students in applied physics, and provides a valuable reference for researchers working actively in the field of solar energy.

Magnetorheology

Magnetorheology
Author: Norman Wereley
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Total Pages: 410
Release: 2014
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1849736677

Leading experts provide a timely overview of the key developments in the physics, chemistry and uses of magnetorheological fluids.