Recent improvised explosive device (IED) and active shooter incidents reveal that some traditional practices of first responders need to be realigned and enhanced to improve survivability of victims and the safety of first responders caring for them. This multi-disciplinary edition translates evidence-based response strategies based on military experience in responding to and managing casualties from IED and/or active shooter incidents and from its significant investment in combat casualty care research into the civilian first responder environment. Table of Contents: Executive Summary Purpose General Information: Improvised Explosive Device Active Shooter Take an Active Role in Your Own Safety: Explosions Active Shooter Incident First Responder for Improving Survivability in Improvised Explosive Device and/or Active Shooter Incidents Background: Defining First Responders Defining the Threat Military Lessons Learned and Civilian Adaptation Improvised Explosive Device Incidents Active Shooter Incidents Hemorrhage Control Protective Equipment Response and Incident Management Responder Guidelines: Hemorrhage Control Protective Equipment Response and Incident Management Summary Threat-based Scenarios: Large-scale Terrorist/insurgency Attack Medium-scale Terrorist/insurgency Attack Medium-scale Terrorist/insurgency Attack Small Scale Terrorist/insurgency Attack Involuntary Suicide Bomber Discovery/recovery of Homemade Explosives (Not an Attack) Active Shooter With Access Denial to First Responders Active Shooter in a Public Commercial Facility Active Shooter in an Open, Outdoor, Unbounded Location Active Shooter in a Public Sports Complex Provide First Aid After Improvised Explosive Device and/or Active Shooter Incidents Stop the Bleeding and Protect the Wound First Aid for Specific Injuries List of Major Bombing Incidents in the United States 2007-2017 List of Major Mass Shootings in the United States 2007-2017