Separation of Sulfur Isotopes

Separation of Sulfur Isotopes
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Release: 1976
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Sulfur isotopes are continuously separated and enriched using a closed loop reflux system wherein sulfur dioxide (SO.sub. 2) is reacted with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or the like to form sodium hydrogen sulfite (NaHSO.sub. 3). Heavier sulfur isotopes are preferentially attracted to the NaHSO.sub. 3, and subsequently reacted with sulfuric acid (H.sub. 2 SO.sub. 4) forming sodium hydrogen sulfate (NaHSO.sub. 4) and SO.sub. 2 gas which contains increased concentrations of the heavier sulfur isotopes. This heavy isotope enriched SO.sub. 2 gas is subsequently separated and the NaHSO.sub. 4 is reacted with NaOH to form sodium sulfate (Na.sub. 2 SO.sub. 4) which is subsequently decomposed in an electrodialysis unit to form the NaOH and H.sub. 2 SO.sub. 4 components which are used in the aforesaid reactions thereby effecting sulfur isotope separation and enrichment without objectionable loss of feed materials.

Sulfur and Selenium Isotope Separation by Distillation. [ch3SH, Dimethy Selenide, H2Se].

Sulfur and Selenium Isotope Separation by Distillation. [ch3SH, Dimethy Selenide, H2Se].
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Release: 1988
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Sulfur and selenium isotopes are used for labeled compounds and as precursors for radioisotope production; however, both limited availability and high costs are problems. A new method is needed for large-scale separation of these isotopes. Experimental distillation columns were used to measure isotopic separations for sulfur and selenium compounds. The maximum total isotope separation of 32S vs. 34S were 1.127 for H2S, 1.048 for COS, 0.838 for SF4, and 1.058 for CH3SH. Relative volatilities of 32S vs. 34S are 1.0006 for COS and 0.9976 for SF4. There is a reverse isotope effect for carbon in COS. No isotopic separation was observed for dimethyl selenide. The lower mass selenium isotopes in H2Se are more volatile. Distillation is a promising method for separating sulfur isotopes on a production scale. Existing distillation technology produced separated isotopes with an effect similar to that found for sulfur in SF4. 8 refs., 2 tabs.

Sulfur-isotope Separation by Distillation

Sulfur-isotope Separation by Distillation
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Release: 1982
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Sulfur-isotope separation by low-temperature distillation of hydrogen sulfide was studied in an 8-m, 25-mm diameter distillation column. Column temperature was controlled by a propane-propylene heat pipe. Column packing HETP was measured using nitric oxide in the column. The column was operated at pressures from 45 to 125 kPa. The relative volatility of S-32 vs. S-34 varied from 1.0008 to 1.0014.

Encyclopedia of Geochemistry

Encyclopedia of Geochemistry
Author: C.P. Marshall
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 677
Release: 1999-07-31
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0412755009

This is a complete and authoritative reference text on an evolving field. Over 200 international scientists have written over 340 separate topics on different aspects of geochemistry including organics, trace elements, isotopes, high and low temperature geochemistry, and ore deposits, to name just a few.

Separation of Isotopes of Biogenic Elements in Two-phase Systems

Separation of Isotopes of Biogenic Elements in Two-phase Systems
Author: Boris Mikhailovich Andreev
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 317
Release: 2006-12-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0080468098

Separation of Isotopes of Biogenic Elements provides a detailed overview of this area of research covering all aspects from the value of isotope effects to their practical use (equilibrium single-stage isotope effect - kinetics and mass transfer – multiplication of the single-stage isotope separation factor - technological peculiarity of processes) with the purpose of extraction from the natural mixture of the enriched and highly concentrated isotopes. In contrast to traditional books on the theory of isotope separation, the theoretical part of the book describes separation in two-phase processes in counter-flow columns. The experimental part of the book presents systematic analysis of specialists in the field of isotope separation in counter-flow columns. This book will be of interest to scientists, engineers and technical workers engaged in isotope separation processes and isotope application in nuclear physics, medicine, agro-chemistry, biology and other areas. This book may also be used in teaching theory and practical aspects in courses on physical chemistry and Isotope separation of light elements by physicochemical methods. * summarises current state of isotope research, especially biogenic elements* covering all aspects from the value of isotope effects to their practical use* of interest to scientists, engineers and technical workers engaged in isotope separation processes and isotope application

Sediments, Diagenesis, and Sedimentary Rocks

Sediments, Diagenesis, and Sedimentary Rocks
Author: F.T. Mackenzie
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 448
Release: 2005-11-22
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0080525229

This volume covers the formation and biogeochemistry of a variety of important sediment types from their initial formation through their conversion (diagenesis) to sedimentary rocks. The volume deals with the chemical, mineralogical, and isotopic properties of sediments and sedimentary rocks and their use in interpreting the environment of formation and subsequent events in the history of sediments, and the nature of the ocean-atmosphere system through geological time. Reprinted individual volume from the acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry, (10 Volume Set, ISBN 0-08-043751-6, published in 2003). Comprehensive and authoritative scope and focus Reviews from renowned scientists across a range of subjects, providing both overviews and new data, supplemented by extensive bibliographies Extensive illustrations and examples from the field