Tainting Evidence
Author | : John F. Kelly |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2002-01-15 |
Genre | : Crime laboratories |
ISBN | : 9780743236416 |
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Author | : John F. Kelly |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2002-01-15 |
Genre | : Crime laboratories |
ISBN | : 9780743236416 |
Author | : Brandon L. Garrett |
Publisher | : Univ of California Press |
Total Pages | : 261 |
Release | : 2021-03-23 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 0520976630 |
This book exposes the dangerously imperfect forensic evidence that we rely on for criminal convictions. "That's not my fingerprint, your honor," said the defendant, after FBI experts reported a "100-percent identification." The FBI was wrong. It is shocking how often they are. Autopsy of a Crime Lab is the first book to catalog the sources of error and the faulty science behind a range of well-known forensic evidence, from fingerprints and firearms to forensic algorithms. In this devastating forensic takedown, noted legal expert Brandon L. Garrett poses the questions that should be asked in courtrooms every day: Where are the studies that validate the basic premises of widely accepted techniques such as fingerprinting? How can experts testify with 100-percent certainty about a fingerprint, when there is no such thing as a 100 percent match? Where is the quality control at the crime scenes and in the laboratories? Should we so readily adopt powerful new technologies like facial recognition software and rapid DNA machines? And why have judges been so reluctant to consider the weaknesses of so many long-accepted methods? Taking us into the lives of the wrongfully convicted or nearly convicted, into crime labs rocked by scandal, and onto the front lines of promising reform efforts driven by professionals and researchers alike, Autopsy of a Crime Lab illustrates the persistence and perniciousness of shaky science and its well-meaning practitioners.
Author | : Mark Costanzo |
Publisher | : Psychology Press |
Total Pages | : 318 |
Release | : 2020-07-24 |
Genre | : Psychology |
ISBN | : 1000149420 |
During the past two decades, the frequency and range of expert testimony by psychologists have increased dramatically. Courts now routinely hear expert testimony from clinical, cognitive, developmental, and social psychologists. Expert Psychological Testimony for the Courts provides a comprehensive, research-based analysis of the content, ethics, and impact of expert testimony. This book features leading scholars who have contributed to the scientific foundation for expert testimony and who have also served as expert witnesses. The opening chapter explores issues surrounding the admissibility of expert testimony, and the closing chapter explores the ethics and limits of psychological testimony. Each of the intervening chapters focuses on a different area of expert testimony: forensic identification, police interrogations and false confessions, eyewitness identification, sexual harassment, mitigation in capital cases, the insanity defense, battered women, future dangerousness, and child custody. These chapters describe the typical content of expert testimony in a particular area, evaluate the scientific foundation for testimony, examine how jurors respond to expert testimony, and suggest ways in which legal standards or procedures might be modified in light of psychological research. This groundbreaking book should be on the shelf of every social scientist interested in the legal system and every trial attorney who is likely to retain a psychologist as an expert witness. It can also serve as a text for advanced courses in psychology, legal studies, criminal justice, law, and sociology.
Author | : Brent E. Turvey |
Publisher | : Academic Press |
Total Pages | : 297 |
Release | : 2013-03-18 |
Genre | : Social Science |
ISBN | : 0124080588 |
Forensic Fraud is the culmination of 12 years of research by author Brent E. Turvey. A practicing forensic scientist since 1996, Turvey has rendered this first of its kind study into the widespread problem of forensic fraud in the United States. It defines the nature and scope of the problem, the cultural attitudes and beliefs of those involved, and establishes clear systemic contributors. Backed up by scrupulous research and hard data, community reforms are proposed and discussed in light of the recently published National Academy of Sciences report on forensic science. An adaptation of Dr. Turvey's doctoral dissertation, this volume relentlessly cites chapter and verse in support of its conclusions that law enforcement cultural and scientific values are incompatible, and that the problem of forensic fraud is systemic in nature. It begins with an overview of forensic fraud as a sub-type of occupational fraud, it explores the extent of fraud in both law enforcement and scientific employment settings, it establishes and then contrasts the core values of law enforcement and scientific cultures and then it provides a comprehensive review of the scientific literature regarding forensic fraud. The final chapters present data from Dr. Turvey's original research into more than 100 fraudulent examiners between 2000 and 2010, consideration of significant findings, and a review of proposed reforms to the forensic science community based on what was learned. It closes with a chapter on the numerous crime lab scandals, and closures that occurred between 2010 and 2012 – an update on the deteriorating state of the forensic science community in the United States subsequent to data collection efforts in the present research. Forensic Fraud is intended for use as a professional reference manual by those working in the criminal system who encounter the phenomenon and want to understand its context and origins. It is intended to help forensic scientist and their supervisors to recognize, manage and expel it; to provide policy makers with the necessary understaffing for acknowledging and mitigating it; and to provide agents of the courts with the knowledge, and confidence, to adjudicate it. It is also useful for those at the university level seeking a strong secondary text for courses on forensic science, law and evidence, or miscarriages of justice. - First of its kind overview of the cultural instigators of forensic fraud - First of its kind research into the nature and impact of forensic fraud, with data (2000-2010) - First of its kind typology of forensic fraud, for use in future case examination in research - Numerous profiles of forensic fraudsters - Review of major crime lab scandals between 2010 and 2012
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 348 |
Release | : 2009-07-29 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 0309142393 |
Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.
Author | : Kim Cross |
Publisher | : Grand Central Publishing |
Total Pages | : 483 |
Release | : 2023-10-03 |
Genre | : True Crime |
ISBN | : 1538725088 |
Paced like a thriller and full of insider information on the history and science of Crime Scene Investigation, In Light of All Darkness embeds readers in one of the most famous true-crime stories of our generation—the kidnapping of Polly Klaas—a case as pivotal in the history of the FBI as the Unabomber or Oklahoma City bombing. On October 1, 1993, a 12-year-old girl was kidnapped at knifepoint from her bedroom in Petaluma, California, during a sleepover with two friends, while her mother slept soundly in the room next door. This rarest of all kidnappings—a stranger abduction from the home—triggered one of the largest manhunts in FBI history. Many Americans remember Polly's face, which appeared on the national news every night, on the cover of People magazine, and on more than 8 million flyers distributed as far as China. The emotional gravity of Polly’s story touched every agent, police officer, and forensic technician who worked on her case. Many of these investigators have never shared their stories—until now. New York Times bestselling author Kim Cross has written the first comprehensive account of what happened on that fateful night in October, as well as how the case forever transformed the Bureau’s approach to solving crimes. With unprecedented access to case files, crime scene photos, a videotaped murder confession, and inside sources, In Light of All Darkness follows the investigators who pieced together the evidence that led to the arrest and conviction of the kidnapper—and made the victim a household name and a girl who will never be forgotten.
Author | : Jay D. Aronson |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 648 |
Release | : 2004 |
Genre | : DNA fingerprinting |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Kelly Pyrek |
Publisher | : Elsevier |
Total Pages | : 562 |
Release | : 2010-07-27 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 0080471072 |
Forensic science laboratories' reputations have increasingly come under fire. Incidents of tainted evidence, false reports, allegations of negligence, scientifically flawed testimony, or - worse yet - perjury in in-court testimony, have all served to cast a shadow over the forensic sciences. Instances of each are just a few of the quality-related charges made in the last few years. Forensic Science Under Siege is the first book to integrate and explain these problematic trends in forensic science. The issues are timely, and are approached from an investigatory, yet scholarly and research-driven, perspective. Leading experts are consulted and interviewed, including directors of highly visible forensic laboratories, as well as medical examiners and coroners who are commandeering the discussions related to these issues. Interviewees include Henry Lee, Richard Saferstein, Cyril Wecht, and many others. The ultimate consequences of all these pressures, as well as the future of forensic science, has yet to be determined. This book examines these challenges, while also exploring possible solutions (such as the formation of a forensic science consortium to address specific legislative issues). It is a must-read for all forensic scientists. - Provides insight on the current state of forensic science, demands, and future direction as provided by leading experts in the field - Consolidates the current state of standards and best-practices of labs across disciplines - Discusses a controversial topic that must be addressed for political support and financial funding of forensic science to improve
Author | : Amitai Etzioni |
Publisher | : Quid Pro Books |
Total Pages | : 308 |
Release | : 2010-12-01 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 1610270428 |
A book for thoughtful readers--and not particularly lawyers or scholars of law and society--who are engaged in the issues of the day and want something other than "easy" answers from the right and left. Most issues of law and social policy can be understood better through a lens that balances rights and interests--and protects all of us while protecting each of us--says renowned communitarian sociologist Amitai Etzioni in his latest of 30 books. In Law in a New Key, Etzioni addresses hot-bed issues of terrorism, drone warfare, airport security and scanners, government surveillance, norms of social disapproval and forgiveness, human rights, and respect for ethnic cultural differences. He shares his perspective as one who has fought in a resistance, and then later became a professor at Columbia University and The George Washington University. The perspective and his decades of academic research persuaded him that the answer to thorny legal and policy issues is found neither in unyielding devotion to individual rights at all costs nor in reflexive empowerment of the state in times of crisis and pain. The answer is in moral dialogs, respect for the basic right to life and security, responsible checks on power, and a balancing of interests that all must be seen as legitimate in a world of pundits and partisans who favor one right. What good is the right to privacy if the basic right to live is sacrificed as the right-holder is blown out of the sky? If new technologies make it possible to conduct terrorism and crime without the law catching up to them? What happens when respect for one religious position means choosing among religious positions? A collection of 15 trenchant essays drawn from the popular press and academic journals, yet accessible to a spectrum of readers who care about the key issues of the day and see the complexity in them, Law in a New Key takes a fresh look at so many important topics that need examination through a community-concerned lens. The frame gives contours and substance to today's debates without offering the usual entrenched policy solutions of kneejerk partisans. Etzioni asks such questions frankly, and on a variety of topics that matter. Rights carry responsibilities, and freedom and human rights must put living first--in a world that does not always concede that self-evident proposition. It is book about law and society whose time has come. For many readers the social and legal notes he plays will finally sound in their register.