Revenue Authorities And State Capacity In Anglophone Africa
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Author | : Odd-Helge Fjeldstad |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 13 |
Release | : 2008 |
Genre | : Tax collection |
ISBN | : 9788280622327 |
Since the early 1990s, many countries in Anglophone Africa have established (semi- ) autonomous revenue authorities (ARAs), organisationally distinct from ministries of finance, with some real operational autonomy, and with staff paid at rates similar to those in comparable private sector jobs. The introduction of revenue agencies has been seen by some as a step on the road to privatisation of the revenue collection process. We demonstrate in the article that this is a misreading of the story of revenue authorities in Anglophone Africa. This conclusion is reached by examining two related sets of questions. The first set concerns the transnational transfer of institutions. Is it a problem that ARAs have spread so fast under the influence of aid and of international financial institutions? The second set of questions relates to the more specific issue of the autonomy of revenue agencies. Is the establishment of revenue agencies another way of fragmenting the authority of already weak central government institutions? Our answers are largely 'no' to both sets of concerns. Addressing these questions enables us to explain what ARAs actually imply for state capacity in Anglophone Africa.
Author | : Mr.David Kloeden |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 48 |
Release | : 2011-07-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1455296732 |
Despite positive but mixed progress over two decades, most lower income African countries need to enhance their low tax-to-GDP ratios by mobilizing domestic resources to complement debt relief, donor aid and to achieve the MDG and poverty reduction objectives. With these goals in mind, most African countries have undertaken revenue administration reforms and from the early 1990s, 16 of 19 Anglophone Africa countries established some form of revenue authority (RA) for greater governance, financing, and workforce autonomy. Changes in governance and HR practices are evident, but has revenue administration improved overall? Capacity limitations and integrity issues persist. The introduction of VAT heralded self-assessment, but in most instances without being integrated with income tax administration. Rather, VAT administration was assigned to a separate department. Special units for large taxpayers are now common following initial challenges, but programs for other taxpayer segments are still emerging.
Author | : Mick Moore |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 31 |
Release | : 2014 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Within the development field, tax administration reform is an area of relative success. Over the past two decades, the national revenue systems of most countries in anglophone Africa have undergone major reforms. These comprise, in particular, the introduction of Value Added Tax (VAT), the adoption of 'advanced' tax administration practices, and the creation of semi-autonomous revenue authorities. What do these reforms imply for emerging patterns of politics and governance in anglophone Africa?The first conclusion is conceptual and theoretical. The impact of these reforms has been shaped by the broad context within which they were being implemented, especially the increasingly transnational character of many important policymaking relationships (Orenstein and Schmitz 2006; Stone 2008; Weiss 2005). Senior African revenue staff feature increasingly in transnational expert networks, and face a wider range of employment opportunities, public and private, both at home and abroad. The second conclusion is that these revenue reforms have contributed only modestly to statebuilding. While the new revenue agencies are in many respects impressive organisations, actual revenue collection has not increased much; improvements in organisational capacity have been concentrated at national and capital city level; potentially synergistic improvements in the capacity to formulate tax policy have not occurred; and some anticipated spillover benefits from improving the revenue collection apparatus have not been realised. The third conclusion is that, while these reforms have made it possible for governments to raise revenue from the organised private sector in a more 'Weberian' (institutionalised, rule-bound) and a more consensual manner, they have also increased the possibility that the taxation system will be shaped by private sector interests, making it difficult for governments to raise the revenue that they claim they need.
Author | : Deborah Brautigam |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 261 |
Release | : 2008-01-10 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 1139469258 |
There is a widespread concern that, in some parts of the world, governments are unable to exercise effective authority. When governments fail, more sinister forces thrive: warlords, arms smugglers, narcotics enterprises, kidnap gangs, terrorist networks, armed militias. Why do governments fail? This book explores an old idea that has returned to prominence: that authority, effectiveness, accountability and responsiveness is closely related to the ways in which governments are financed. It matters that governments tax their citizens rather than live from oil revenues and foreign aid, and it matters how they tax them. Taxation stimulates demands for representation, and an effective revenue authority is the central pillar of state capacity. Using case studies from Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America, this book presents and evaluates these arguments, updates theories derived from European history in the light of conditions in contemporary poorer countries, and draws conclusions for policy-makers.
Author | : Brian Levy |
Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
Total Pages | : 396 |
Release | : 2004-01-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780821360002 |
This publication considers options for strengthening institutional capacity within the public sector in African countries, by drawing on the experiences of public sector reform programmes in over a dozen African states. Issues discussed include: the relationship between governance and economic development, public expenditure and accountability, anti-corruption reforms, the politics of decentralisation, political structures and public service delivery.
Author | : Mick Moore |
Publisher | : Bloomsbury Publishing |
Total Pages | : 289 |
Release | : 2018-07-15 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1783604557 |
Taxation has been seen as the domain of charisma-free accountants, lawyers and number crunchers – an unlikely place to encounter big societal questions about democracy, equity or good governance. Yet it is exactly these issues that pervade conversations about taxation among policymakers, tax collectors, civil society activists, journalists and foreign aid donors in Africa today. Tax has become viewed as central to African development. Written by leading international experts, Taxing Africa offers a cutting-edge analysis on all aspects of the continent's tax regime, displaying the crucial role such arrangements have on attempts to create social justice and push economic advancement. From tax evasion by multinational corporations and African elites to how ordinary people navigate complex webs of 'informal' local taxation, the book examines the potential for reform, and how space might be created for enabling locally-led strategies.
Author | : Alasdair Roberts |
Publisher | : OUP USA |
Total Pages | : 221 |
Release | : 2011-09 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 0199846146 |
A sweeping account of neoliberal governmental restructuring across the world, 'The Logic of Discipline' offers a powerful analysis of how this undemocratic model is unraveling in the face of a monumental-and ongoing-failure of the market.
Author | : Riël C. D. Franzsen |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 484 |
Release | : 2017 |
Genre | : Property tax |
ISBN | : 9781558443631 |
"Overview of property tax systems across Africa. Reviews of salient features for 29 countries and four regions (Anglophone, Francophone, Lusophone, North African countries). Chapters offer in-depth discussion of key policy issues (tax base, exemptions and other relief, and tax rate), administrative issues (valuation and assessment, billing, collection, enforcement), and the future of the property tax in Africa"--Provided by publisher.
Author | : Vishnu Padayachee |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 454 |
Release | : 2010-06-10 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1136989072 |
The Political Economy of Africa aims to fill a major gap in the existing literature by exploring the economy and economics of Africa. The book has a critical approach from the perspective of political economy rather than mainstream economics. This book addresses the seemingly intractable economic problems of the African continent, and trace their origins, but also always to bring out the instances of successful economic change, and the possibilities for economic revival and renewal.
Author | : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 86 |
Release | : 2011-08-03 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1498339247 |
The Fund has long played a lead role in supporting developing countries’ efforts to improve their revenue mobilization. This paper draws on that experience to review issues and good practice, and to assess prospects in this key area.