Response Of A Salt Marsh To Oil Spill And Cleanup
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Protection, Cleanup, and Restoration of Salt Marshes Endangered by Oil Spills
Author | : David J. Maiero |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 168 |
Release | : 1978 |
Genre | : Marshes, Tide |
ISBN | : |
Salt Marsh Responses to Oil Contamination Following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 135 |
Release | : 2018 |
Genre | : Electronic books |
ISBN | : |
The Deepwater Horizon oil spill, which occurred from April to July of 2010, was the largest spill in U.S. history. Oil washed onto hundreds of kilometers of intertidal marsh shoreline resulting in widespread plant mortality and short-term reductions in ecosystem function. Past incidences of oiling have shown that marsh recovery trajectories can vary greatly over space and time. Accordingly, the long-term negative effects of an oil spill of this magnitude on marsh ecosystems remains largely unknown. This dissertation investigates the effects of oil contamination from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on community dominant plant species distributions and land loss rates and, simultaneously, demonstrates the value of employing advanced remote sensing and GIS techniques to address landscape-scale ecological disturbances. To examine the response of marsh plant communities to heavy oiling, dominant species in heavily oiled salt marshes, an image classification system was developed to map dominant species. This classification approach utilizes canonical discriminant analysis (CDA), along with a library of field-referenced image endmembers collected from a time series of Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) images (2010-2012). Land loss rates were calculated using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)applied to a time series (2006-2016) of high resolution (0.30-0.64 m) orthorectified image datasets. Finally, a simple, fetch-limited wind-wave model was integrated into the analysis of shoreline oiling and land loss to examine the interacting effects of wave characteristics and oiling on bay-wide land loss rates.This dissertation’s findings suggest that the most important impact of oiling along marsh boundaries is the acceleration of shoreline retreat and land loss. Further, the results imply that marsh responses to oil contamination are highly variable, and wave action is a significant factor in determining marsh recovery trajectories. Without high wave energy, marsh plant communities show signs of recovery within 3 years of oil contamination. Conversely, oiled shorelines that are exposed to high wave energy can accelerate land loss exponentially. Finally, the results demonstrate the value of advanced remote sensing techniques in examining landscape-scale ecosystem changes that are impractical to assess using traditional, field-based quantitative methods.
Coastal Marshes
Author | : R. H. Chabreck |
Publisher | : U of Minnesota Press |
Total Pages | : 170 |
Release | : 1988 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0816616639 |
Coastal Marshes was first published in 1988. Minnesota Archive Editions uses digital technology to make long-unavailable books once again accessible, and are published unaltered from the original University of Minnesota Press editions. The coastal regions of the United States form a highly diversified environment. In addition to sandy beaches and rocky shorelines, there are lagoons, rivers, estuaries, and marshes. The last are a dominant features of many coastal areas and serve as a transition between sea and uplands. Coastal marshes have been a zone for human development, attractive to industrial and residential building because they provide water frontage. But the public is becoming aware of the great value of these wetlands to fisheries and wildlife and to the local economy that depends on them. This book describes coastal marshes in terms of form, function, ecology, wildlife value, and management. Robert H. Chabreck's emphasis is on the marshes of the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico (there are 5,500 square miles of marshland in Louisiana alone), but he also deals with marshes on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. Plant and animal communities are each given a chapter, and the book concludes with considerations of future uses and needs. The author provides references, a glossary, and a list of scientific names, along with numerous illustrations, including a section of color photographs. For thirty years, Robert H. Chabreck has been engaged in research and management of coastal marshes and has often served as a consultant in wetland ecology. He is a professor of wildlife at Louisiana State University.
Protection, Cleanup, and Restoration of Salt Marshes Endangered by Oil Spills
Author | : David J. Maiero |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 1978 |
Genre | : Oil pollution of rivers, harbors, etc |
ISBN | : |
Bacterial Response to Crude Oil Spillage in a Salt Marsh
Author | : Russell Paul Herwig |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 190 |
Release | : 1978 |
Genre | : Bacteria |
ISBN | : |
An Ecosystem Services Approach to Assessing the Impacts of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 247 |
Release | : 2014-01-20 |
Genre | : Nature |
ISBN | : 0309288452 |
As the Gulf of Mexico recovers from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, natural resource managers face the challenge of understanding the impacts of the spill and setting priorities for restoration work. The full value of losses resulting from the spill cannot be captured, however, without consideration of changes in ecosystem services-the benefits delivered to society through natural processes. An Ecosystem Services Approach to Assessing the Impacts of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico discusses the benefits and challenges associated with using an ecosystem services approach to damage assessment, describing potential impacts of response technologies, exploring the role of resilience, and offering suggestions for areas of future research. This report illustrates how this approach might be applied to coastal wetlands, fisheries, marine mammals, and the deep sea-each of which provide key ecosystem services in the Gulf-and identifies substantial differences among these case studies. The report also discusses the suite of technologies used in the spill response, including burning, skimming, and chemical dispersants, and their possible long-term impacts on ecosystem services.