The production of carbon dioxide from the oxidation of fossil-carbon over the past 200 years has resulted in the accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere. CO2-like other greenhouse gases-slows the rate at which infrared radiation is emitted from the Earth. By increasing the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere, humanity is altering the Earth's radiation balance in potentially dangerous way.Mitigating humanity's impact on Earth's climate system requires transforming the global energy infrastructure to decrease anthropogenic emissions of CO2. The body of work presented here covers a range of physical and chemical topics important for the mitigation of anthropogenic climate change through the capture and storage of carbon dioxide. This book is focused primarily on addressing CO2 emissions from large stationary point-sources through CO2 capture and storage. A portion of the work, however, is aimed at addressing the long tail of the CO2 point-sources distribution by removing CO2 directly from the atmosphere.The entire CCS supply chain from the thermodynamic limit of the work required the capture of CO2 from power-plants to the long-term chemical and physical evolution of carbon dioxide.