Productivity, Inequality, and the Digital Economy

Productivity, Inequality, and the Digital Economy
Author: Nathalie Greenan
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 330
Release: 2002-08-02
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780262262835

Essays on the computer and the economy, particularly in relation to employment rates and to wage inequality. The widespread diffusion of information and communication technologies (ICT) has had controversial, seemingly paradoxical consequences. ICT are viewed as driving growth and employment in the United States, while contributing to European unemployment and the so-called Eurosclerosis. At the same time, both the United States and Europe have seen increased wage inequalities between skilled and unskilled workers.This book explores the computer's puzzling effects on the economy, at both the micro and macro levels. The contributions include data from field work, small samples of firms, and national surveys of management practice; econometric studies; and macroeconomic theoretical analysis.

Shifting Paradigms

Shifting Paradigms
Author: Zia Qureshi
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Total Pages: 298
Release: 2022-01-11
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 081573901X

Addressing the big questions about how technological change is transforming economies and societies Rapid technological change—likely to accelerate as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic—is reshaping economies and how they grow. But change also causes disruption, creates winners and losers, and produces social stress. This book examines the challenges of digital transformation and suggests how creative policies can make it more productive and inclusive. Shifting Paradigms is the second book on technological change produced by a joint research project of the Brookings Institution and the Korea Development Institute. Contributors are experts from the United States, Europe, and Korea. The first volume, Growth in a Time of Change, was published by Brookings in February 2020. The book's underlying thesis is that the future is arriving faster than expected. Long-accepted paradigms about economic growth are changing as digital technologies transform markets and nearly every aspect of business and work. Change will only intensify with advances in artificial intelligence and other innovations. Investors, business leaders, workers, and public officials face many questions. Is rising market concentration inevitable with the new technologies or can their benefits be more widely shared? How can the promise of FinTech be captured while managing risks? Should workers fear the new automation? Are technology-driven shifts in business and work causing income inequality to rise? How should public policy respond? Shifting Paradigms addresses these questions in an engaging manner for anyone interested in understanding how the economic and social agenda is being transformed by today's winds of change.

Economic Analysis of the Digital Economy

Economic Analysis of the Digital Economy
Author: Avi Goldfarb
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 510
Release: 2015-05-08
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 022620684X

There is a small and growing literature that explores the impact of digitization in a variety of contexts, but its economic consequences, surprisingly, remain poorly understood. This volume aims to set the agenda for research in the economics of digitization, with each chapter identifying a promising area of research. "Economics of Digitization "identifies urgent topics with research already underway that warrant further exploration from economists. In addition to the growing importance of digitization itself, digital technologies have some features that suggest that many well-studied economic models may not apply and, indeed, so many aspects of the digital economy throw normal economics in a loop. "Economics of Digitization" will be one of the first to focus on the economic implications of digitization and to bring together leading scholars in the economics of digitization to explore emerging research.

The Economics of Artificial Intelligence

The Economics of Artificial Intelligence
Author: Ajay Agrawal
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 172
Release: 2024-03-05
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0226833127

A timely investigation of the potential economic effects, both realized and unrealized, of artificial intelligence within the United States healthcare system. In sweeping conversations about the impact of artificial intelligence on many sectors of the economy, healthcare has received relatively little attention. Yet it seems unlikely that an industry that represents nearly one-fifth of the economy could escape the efficiency and cost-driven disruptions of AI. The Economics of Artificial Intelligence: Health Care Challenges brings together contributions from health economists, physicians, philosophers, and scholars in law, public health, and machine learning to identify the primary barriers to entry of AI in the healthcare sector. Across original papers and in wide-ranging responses, the contributors analyze barriers of four types: incentives, management, data availability, and regulation. They also suggest that AI has the potential to improve outcomes and lower costs. Understanding both the benefits of and barriers to AI adoption is essential for designing policies that will affect the evolution of the healthcare system.

Productive Equity

Productive Equity
Author: Zia Qureshi
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2020-01-28
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0815736584

An agenda for economic growth and equity In recent decades global economic productivity has slowed, while income inequality within nations has increased. The global economic pie has been growing more slowly—and more unequally—feeding the social discontent that is so evident in much of the world today. The contributors to this volume argue that the paradox of slowing productivity growth despite booming new technologies is real, not illusory. Most discussions of these trends in productivity growth and income distribution treat them as separate problems, with independent solutions. This book by economic experts with long experience in studying the global economy and development argues that lagging productivity and growing inequality are, in fact, linked by common causes and must have common solutions. Chief among those causes are the nature of today’s technological changes and the failures of markets and policymakers to keep up with those changes. In essence, the potential benefits of technological change, which coincided with the era of accelerated globalization, have not been harnessed to foster more robust, and more inclusive, economic growth. The authors maintain that reviving productivity growth and reducing inequality are not competing objectives for policy. Rather, they propose an integrated agenda emphasizing the synergistic nature of achieving long-term productivity growth and equity. The authors call for an agenda of "productive equity" that highlights the need for innovative policies, at both the national and international levels, that take advantage of the technological changes now reshaping markets and the world of work.

Global Productivity

Global Productivity
Author: Alistair Dieppe
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 552
Release: 2021-06-09
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1464816093

The COVID-19 pandemic struck the global economy after a decade that featured a broad-based slowdown in productivity growth. Global Productivity: Trends, Drivers, and Policies presents the first comprehensive analysis of the evolution and drivers of productivity growth, examines the effects of COVID-19 on productivity, and discusses a wide range of policies needed to rekindle productivity growth. The book also provides a far-reaching data set of multiple measures of productivity for up to 164 advanced economies and emerging market and developing economies, and it introduces a new sectoral database of productivity. The World Bank has created an extraordinary book on productivity, covering a large group of countries and using a wide variety of data sources. There is an emphasis on emerging and developing economies, whereas the prior literature has concentrated on developed economies. The book seeks to understand growth patterns and quantify the role of (among other things) the reallocation of factors, technological change, and the impact of natural disasters, including the COVID-19 pandemic. This book is must-reading for specialists in emerging economies but also provides deep insights for anyone interested in economic growth and productivity. Martin Neil Baily Senior Fellow, The Brookings Institution Former Chair, U.S. President’s Council of Economic Advisers This is an important book at a critical time. As the book notes, global productivity growth had already been slowing prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and collapses with the pandemic. If we want an effective recovery, we have to understand what was driving these long-run trends. The book presents a novel global approach to examining the levels, growth rates, and drivers of productivity growth. For anyone wanting to understand or influence productivity growth, this is an essential read. Nicholas Bloom William D. Eberle Professor of Economics, Stanford University The COVID-19 pandemic hit a global economy that was already struggling with an adverse pre-existing condition—slow productivity growth. This extraordinarily valuable and timely book brings considerable new evidence that shows the broad-based, long-standing nature of the slowdown. It is comprehensive, with an exceptional focus on emerging market and developing economies. Importantly, it shows how severe disasters (of which COVID-19 is just the latest) typically harm productivity. There are no silver bullets, but the book suggests sensible strategies to improve growth prospects. John Fernald Schroders Chaired Professor of European Competitiveness and Reform and Professor of Economics, INSEAD

Digitized Labor

Digitized Labor
Author: Lorenzo Pupillo
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 285
Release: 2018-05-04
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 331978420X

As with previous technological revolutions, innovations in the online world have triggered transformations in the labor market and the economy. While the Internet is trumpeted as a great job creator, there are also downsides that need to be identified and dealt with. The book discusses the following topics: Is the Internet a net creator of jobs? How are job profiles changed by the digital economy? What are the impacts on income distribution? Is it a winner-takes-all tournament? What models can facilitate adjustment without slowing innovation? This book features essays from major experts in the field coming from academia, international organizations, the private sector, and civil society. It blends theoretical and applied research presenting results from many countries, with particular emphasis on Europe, the USA, Canada and Asia.

Measuring the Digital Transformation A Roadmap for the Future

Measuring the Digital Transformation A Roadmap for the Future
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Total Pages: 262
Release: 2019-03-11
Genre:
ISBN: 9264311998

Measuring the Digital Transformation: A Roadmap for the Future provides new insights into the state of the digital transformation by mapping indicators across a range of areas – from education and innovation, to trade and economic and social outcomes – against current digital policy issues, as presented in Going Digital: Shaping Policies, Improving Lives.

Inclusive Growth

Inclusive Growth
Author: Howard Thomas
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Total Pages: 164
Release: 2019-04-10
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1789737818

The book outlines a journey from enabling models of government and business to strategies for creating both financial and social inclusion and entrepreneurism as mechanisms for sustainable and inclusive growth.

The Economics of Digitization

The Economics of Digitization
Author: Shane M. Greenstein
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2013
Genre: Digital communications
ISBN: 9781781007204

The increasing creation, support, use and consumption of digital representation of information touches a wide breadth of economic activities. This digitization has transformed social interactions, facilitated entirely new industries and undermined others and reshaped the ability of people - consumers, job seekers, managers, government officials and citizens - to access and leverage information. This important book includes seminal papers addressing topics such as the causes and consequences of digitization, factors shaping the structure of products and services and creating an enormous range of new applications and how market participants make their choices over strategic organization, market conduct, and public policies. This authoritative collection, with an original introduction by the editors, will be an invaluable source of reference for students, academics and practitioners with an interest in the economics of digitisation and the digital economy.