Productivity, Cost Structure, and Pricing in Urban Bus Transport

Productivity, Cost Structure, and Pricing in Urban Bus Transport
Author: Sanjay Kumar Singh
Publisher: Amani Int'l Publishers
Total Pages: 242
Release: 2006
Genre: Bus lines
ISBN: 3938054085

Cities play a vital role in economic growth and prosperity. Sustainable development of cities largely depends upon their physical, social and institutional infrastructure. In this context, the importance of transportation system is paramount. Urban transportation is probably the single most important component instrumental in shaping urban development and urban living. While urban areas may be viewed asengines of growth, urban transport is, figuratively and literally, the wheel of that engine. As cities expand to the point where walking can no longer satisfy the mobility requirements of the people, public transport becomes the major mode of transportation. Until recently the main function of public transport was to satisfy the individual needs of the less affluent members of the society. Now, it is requiredto attract all segments of the society to provide congestion relief and environmental preservation. Productivity improvement and efficiency in the public transport system must be concerned not only with keeping costs down, but also with providing a flexible framework within which all income groups can use public transport with confidence and convenience.

Sustainable Urban Mobility Pathways

Sustainable Urban Mobility Pathways
Author: Oliver Lah
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 310
Release: 2018-12-03
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0128148985

Sustainable Urban Mobility Pathways examines how sustainable urban mobility solutions contribute to achieving worldwide sustainable development and global climate change targets, while also identifying barriers to implementation and strategies to overcome them. Building on city-to-city cooperation experiences in Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America, the book examines key challenges in the context of the Paris Agreement, UN Sustainable Development Goals and the New Urban Agenda, including policies needed to achieve a sustainable, low-carbon pathway for transport and how an integrated policy strategy is designed to provide a basis for political coalitions. The book explores which institutional framework creates sufficient political stability and continuity to foster the take-up of and long-term support for sustainable transport strategies. The linkages of climate change and wider sustainable development objectives are covered, including success stories, best practices, and quantitative analysis for key emerging economies in public transport, walking, cycling, freight and logistics, vehicle technology and fuels, urban planning and integration, and national framework policies. - Provides a holistic view of sustainable urban transport, focusing on policy-making processes, the role of institutions and successes and pitfalls - Delivers practical insights drawn from the experiences of actual city-to-city cooperation and on-the-ground policy work - Explores options for the integration of policy objectives and institutional structures that form coalitions for the implementation of sustainable urban mobility solutions - Describes the policy, institutional, political, and socio-economic aspects in cities in five emerging economies: Brazil, China, India, Mexico, and Turkey

The Role of Productivity, Transportation Costs, and Barriers to Intersectoral Mobility in Structural Transformation

The Role of Productivity, Transportation Costs, and Barriers to Intersectoral Mobility in Structural Transformation
Author: Cem Karayalcin
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 30
Release: 2015-04-30
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1484350057

The process of economic development is characterized by substantial reallocations of resources across sectors. In this paper, we construct a multi-sector model in which there are barriers to the movement of labor from low-productivity traditional agriculture to modern sectors. With the barrier in place, we show that improvements in productivity in modern sectors (including agriculture) or reductions in transportation costs may lead to a rise in agricultural employment and through terms-oftrade effects may harm subsistence farmers if the traditional subsistence sector is larger than a critical level. This suggests that policy advice based on the earlier literature needs to be revised. Reducing barriers to mobility (through reductions in the cost of skill acquisition and institutional changes) and improving the productivity of subsistence farmers needs to precede policies designed to increase the productivity of modern sectors or decrease transportation costs.

The Future of Productivity

The Future of Productivity
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Total Pages: 123
Release: 2015-12-11
Genre:
ISBN: 9264248536

This book addresses the rising productivity gap between the global frontier and other firms, and identifies a number of structural impediments constraining business start-ups, knowledge diffusion and resource allocation (such as barriers to up-scaling and relatively high rates of skill mismatch).

The Economics of Urban Transportation

The Economics of Urban Transportation
Author: Kenneth A. Small
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 433
Release: 2024-06-10
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 135165344X

This new edition of the seminal textbook The Economics of Urban Transportation incorporates the latest research affecting the design, implementation, pricing, and control of transport systems in towns and cities. The book offers an economic framework for understanding the societal impacts and policy implications of many factors including congestion, traffic safety, climate change, air quality, COVID-19, and newly important developments such as ride-hailing services, electric vehicles, and autonomous vehicles. Rigorous in approach and making use of real-world data and econometric techniques, the third edition features a new chapter on the special challenges of managing the energy that powers transportation systems. It provides fully updated coverage of well-known topics and a rigorous treatment of new ones. All of the basic topics needed to apply economics to urban transportation are included: Forecasting demand for transportation services under various conditions Measuring costs, including those incurred by users and incorporating two new tools to describe congestion in dense urban areas Setting prices under practical constraints Evaluating infrastructure investments Understanding how private and public sectors interact to provide services Written by three of the field’s leading researchers, The Economics of Urban Transportation is essential reading for students, researchers, and practicing professionals in transportation economics, planning, engineering, or related disciplines. With a focus on workable models that can be adapted to future needs, it provides tools for a rapidly changing world.