Groundwater Modelling in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas

Groundwater Modelling in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas
Author: Howard S. Wheater
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages:
Release: 2010-09-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1139489720

Arid and semi-arid regions face major challenges in the management of scarce freshwater resources under pressures of population, economic development, climate change, pollution and over-abstraction. Groundwater is commonly the most important water resource in these areas. Groundwater models are widely used globally to understand groundwater systems and to guide decisions on management. However, the hydrology of arid and semi-arid areas is very different from that of humid regions, and there is little guidance on the special challenges of groundwater modelling for these areas. This book brings together the experience of internationally leading experts to fill a gap in the scientific and technical literature. It introduces state-of-the-art methods for modelling groundwater resources, illustrated with a wide-ranging set of illustrative examples from around the world. The book is valuable for researchers, practitioners in developed and developing countries, and graduate students in hydrology, hydrogeology, water resources management, environmental engineering and geography.

Groundwater Dynamics in Hard Rock Aquifers

Groundwater Dynamics in Hard Rock Aquifers
Author: Shakeel Ahmed
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 265
Release: 2008-11-18
Genre: Science
ISBN: 140206540X

This book contains the results and findings of the advanced research carried out in a pilot area with a thorough investigation of the structure and functioning of an aquifer in a granitic formation. It characterizes the hard rock aquifer system and examines its properties and behavior as well as systematically details the geophysical, geological and remote sensing applications to conceptualize such an aquifer system.

Mapping drought patterns and impacts: a global perspective

Mapping drought patterns and impacts: a global perspective
Author: Nishadi Eriyagama
Publisher: IWMI
Total Pages: 36
Release: 2009
Genre: Droughts
ISBN: 9290907118

The study examines the global pattern and impacts of droughts through mapping several drought-related characteristics - either at a country level or at regular grid scales. It appears that arid and semi-arid areas also tend to have a higher probability of drought occurrence. It is illustrated that the African continent is lagging behind the rest of the world on many indicators related to drought-preparedness and that agricultural economies, overall, are much more vulnerable to adverse societal impacts of meteorological droughts. The study also examines the ability of various countries to satisfy their water needs during droughts using storage-related indices.

On the Statistical Analysis of Series of Observations

On the Statistical Analysis of Series of Observations
Author: R. Sneyers
Publisher: Unipub
Total Pages: 192
Release: 1990-01-01
Genre: Climatology
ISBN: 9789263104151

It is no longer disputed nowadays that mathematical statistics is the main tool to be used in climatology. Mathematical statistics is in fact the science of random models and the purpose of the statistics analysis of series of observations is to from among the models which science makes available, the one which bes represents the behaviour of the observed phenomenon. Thi atitude may be justifed in two ways. From the theoretical point of view, the representation of the observad phenomenon by a model depending on aminimum number of paramenters anables objective statistical conslusions to be compared with the physical theories put forward, iether to confirm their validity or to reveal weaknesse: thus statistical analysis appears as a means for progress in the ofresearch. From the practical point view, due to the efficiency of methods of statistical analysis, their utilization ensures that the best use is made of the information accumulated dy the series of observations and that the maximum benefic will be derived from the capital represented by this information. If we think of the investments and operational cost which have been approved for the acquisition of the series of observations and of the economic value of these, which is continually demonstrated in the applications of meteorology and climatology, the necessity of such a position becomes obvious.

Climate Change Impacts on Freshwater Ecosystems

Climate Change Impacts on Freshwater Ecosystems
Author: Martin Kernan
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Total Pages: 328
Release: 2010-09-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781405179133

This text examines the impact of climate change on freshwater ecosystems, past, present and future. It especially considers the interactions between climate change and other drivers of change including hydromorphological modification, nutrient loading, acid deposition and contamination by toxic substances using evidence from palaeolimnology, time-series analysis, space-for-time substitution, laboratory and field experiments and process modelling. The book evaluates these processes in relation to extreme events, seasonal changes in ecosystems, trends over decadal-scale time periods, mitigation strategies and ecosystem recovery. The book is also concerned with how aspects of hydrophysical, hydrochemical and ecological change can be used as early indicators of climate change in aquatic ecosystems and it addresses the implications of future climate change for freshwater ecosystem management at the catchment scale. This is an ideal book for the scientific research community, but is also accessible to Masters and senior undergraduate students.

Tropical Extremes

Tropical Extremes
Author: Venugopal Vuruputur
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 366
Release: 2018-08-28
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128092572

Tropical Extremes: Natural Variability and Trends features the most up-to-date information on present and future trends related to climate change and tropical extremes. Including contributions from the foremost experts in the field, this important reference addresses the science behind climate change and natural variability in relation to tropical extremes. The book also includes practical insight into modeling and observation approaches. In a warming world, the increase of weather extremes presents a scientifically complex and societally relevant challenge. The book confronts these challenges with observational evidence, modeling studies and expected impacts. This is an essential reference for researchers, modelers and students in the fields of climate and atmospheric science looking to better understand the causes and effects of tropical extremes and natural variability. - Illuminates the role of natural variability and climate change in determining the fate and state of tropical extremes - Offers a robust guide for analysis relating to the impacts of extremes, thus providing a potential roadmap for navigating the future of risk analysis and the water-food-energy nexus - Edited by a diverse team of global experts - Includes contributions from leading researchers in the field, comprising the most up-to-date understanding of tropical extremes

Climate Variability and Change

Climate Variability and Change
Author: Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data (Project)
Publisher:
Total Pages: 738
Release: 2006
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9781901502787

This volume contains 117 reviewed papers from over 30 countries, published in English, French and Spanish, which reflect both international dimension of FRIEND and the key challenges facing hydrologists in the 21st century.

MEGA-CRISES

MEGA-CRISES
Author: Ira Helsloot
Publisher: Charles C Thomas Publisher
Total Pages: 389
Release: 2012-08-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0398086834

We live in turbulent times with continents and nations facing ever-heightening risks such as natural disasters, intense and protracted conflicts, terrorism, corporate crises, cyber threats to infrastructures and mega-events. We are witnessing the rise of mega-crises and a new class of adversity with many unknowns. The prospect of mega-crises presents professionals and students in the field of crisis management with four major tasks. First, they should engage in “deep thinking” about the causes of the increasing occurrence of mega-crises. Second, they should identify and work through the dominant trends which complicate contemporary crisis management. Third, they should upgrade institutional crisis management capacity. Fourth, they should improve societal resilience since no institutional complex can mitigate or manage these mega-crisis on its own. This book is divided into four primary parts, each of which looks at one facet of mega-crises. Part I focuses on the concept of a mega-crisis and mega-crisis management; Part II examines crisis management of mega-natural disasters; Part III evaluates crisis management of man-made mega-crises; and Part IV identifies mega-threats and vulnerabilities. Additional major topics include Hurricane Katrina; Hurricane Gustav; the London Bombings; the Mumbai Terrorist Attacks of July 7, 2005; corporate meltdowns; the subprime crisis; the Olympic Games; electricity grids; global climate change; the Dutch Delta; risks to food security; and mega-crises and the Internet. This comprehensive text will provide practitioners and academics with the results of an across-the-board research effort in the prospects, nature, characteristics, and the effects of mega-crises.