Principles for Evaluating Health Risks in Children Associated with Exposure to Chemicals

Principles for Evaluating Health Risks in Children Associated with Exposure to Chemicals
Author: Germaine Buck Louis
Publisher: World Health Organization
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2006
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 924157237X

Conclusions, and recommendations -- Introduction and background -- Unique biological characteristics of children -- Developmental stage-specific susceptibilities and outcomes in children -- Exposure assessment of children -- Methodologies to assess health outcomes in children -- Implications and strategies for risk assessment for children.

Principles for Evaluating Health Risks to Reproduction Associated with Exposure to Chemicals

Principles for Evaluating Health Risks to Reproduction Associated with Exposure to Chemicals
Author: P. Foster
Publisher: World Health Organization
Total Pages: 222
Release: 2001
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9789241572255

Intended as a tool for use by public health officials, research and regulatory scientists and risk managers, this publication seeks to provide a scientific framework for the use and interpretation of reproductive toxicity data from human and animal studies. It also discusses emerging methodology and testing strategy in reproductive toxicity. The text focuses on approaches to assessing reproductive toxicity in males and females, including sexual dysfunction and infertility, and many aspects of developmental toxicity (following both prenatal and postnatal exposure), from conception to sexual maturation. It is an overview of the major scientific principles underlying hazard identification, testing methods and risk assessment strategies in human reproductive toxicity. It also discusses the evaluation of reproductive toxicity data in the context of the extensive risk assessment methodology that has emerged over the past 10-15 years.

Principles for Modelling Dose-response for the Risk Assessment of Chemicals

Principles for Modelling Dose-response for the Risk Assessment of Chemicals
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
Total Pages: 164
Release: 2009
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9241572396

"Published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation and the World Health Organization, and produced within the framework of the Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals."

Science and Decisions

Science and Decisions
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 422
Release: 2009-03-24
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0309120462

Risk assessment has become a dominant public policy tool for making choices, based on limited resources, to protect public health and the environment. It has been instrumental to the mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as other federal agencies in evaluating public health concerns, informing regulatory and technological decisions, prioritizing research needs and funding, and in developing approaches for cost-benefit analysis. However, risk assessment is at a crossroads. Despite advances in the field, risk assessment faces a number of significant challenges including lengthy delays in making complex decisions; lack of data leading to significant uncertainty in risk assessments; and many chemicals in the marketplace that have not been evaluated and emerging agents requiring assessment. Science and Decisions makes practical scientific and technical recommendations to address these challenges. This book is a complement to the widely used 1983 National Academies book, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government (also known as the Red Book). The earlier book established a framework for the concepts and conduct of risk assessment that has been adopted by numerous expert committees, regulatory agencies, and public health institutions. The new book embeds these concepts within a broader framework for risk-based decision-making. Together, these are essential references for those working in the regulatory and public health fields.

Pediatric Non-Clinical Drug Testing

Pediatric Non-Clinical Drug Testing
Author: Alan M. Hoberman
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 389
Release: 2012-03-13
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 047044861X

This book explains the importance and practice of pediatric drug testing for pharmaceutical and toxicology professionals. It describes the practical and ethical issues regarding non-clinical testing to meet US FDA Guidelines, differences resulting from the new European EMEA legislation, and how to develop appropriate information for submission to both agencies. It also provides practical study designs and approaches that can be used to meet international requirements. Covering the full scope of non-clinical testing, regulations, models, practice, and relation to clinical trials, this text offers a comprehensive and up-to-date resource.

Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology

Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology
Author: Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 417
Release: 2015
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0199378789

This completely updated edition of Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology offers a practical introduction to exposure assessment methodologies in environmental epidemiologic studies. In addition to methods for traditional methods -- questionnaires, biomonitoring -- this new edition is expanded to include geographic information systems, modeling, personal sensoring, remote sensing, and OMICs technologies. In addition, each of these methods is contextualized within a recent epidemiology study, maximizing illustration for students and those new to these to these techniques. With clear writing and extensive illustration, this book will be useful to anyone interested in exposure assessment, regardless of background.

Hayes' Principles and Methods of Toxicology

Hayes' Principles and Methods of Toxicology
Author: A. Wallace Hayes
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 2143
Release: 2023-07-03
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1000875776

Hayes’ Principles and Methods of Toxicology has long been established as a reliable and informative reference for the concepts, methodologies, and assessments integral to toxicology. The new edition contains updated and new chapters with the addition of new authors while maintaining the same high standards that have made this book a benchmark resource in the field. Key Features: The comprehensive yet concise coverage of various aspects of fundamental and applied toxicology makes this book a valuable resource for educators, students, and professionals. Questions provided at the end of each chapter allow readers to test their knowledge and understanding of the material covered. All chapters have been updated and over 60 new authors have been added to reflect the dynamic nature of toxicological sciences New topics in this edition include Safety Assessment of Cosmetics and Personal Care Products, The Importance of the Dose/Rate Response, Novel Approaches and Alternative Models, Epigenetic Toxicology, and an Expanded Glossary. The volume is divided into 4 major sections, addressing fundamental principles of toxicology (Section I. "Principles of Toxicology"), major classes of established chemical hazards (Section II. "Agents"), current methods used for the assessment of various endpoints indicative of chemical toxicity (Section III. "Methods"), as well as toxicology of specific target systems and organs (Section IV. "Organ- and System-Specific Toxicology"). This volume will be a valuable tool for the audience that wishes to broaden their understanding of hazards and mechanisms of toxicity and to stay on top of the emerging methods and concepts of the rapidly advancing field of toxicology and risk assessment.

Children's Health, the Nation's Wealth

Children's Health, the Nation's Wealth
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 336
Release: 2004-10-18
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0309166608

Children's health has clearly improved over the past several decades. Significant and positive gains have been made in lowering rates of infant mortality and morbidity from infectious diseases and accidental causes, improved access to health care, and reduction in the effects of environmental contaminants such as lead. Yet major questions still remain about how to assess the status of children's health, what factors should be monitored, and the appropriate measurement tools that should be used. Children's Health, the Nation's Wealth: Assessing and Improving Child Health provides a detailed examination of the information about children's health that is needed to help policy makers and program providers at the federal, state, and local levels. In order to improve children's health-and, thus, the health of future generations-it is critical to have data that can be used to assess both current conditions and possible future threats to children's health. This compelling book describes what is known about the health of children and what is needed to expand the knowledge. By strategically improving the health of children, we ensure healthier future generations to come.