Pricing Forward Start Options in Models Based on (Time-Changed) Levy Processes

Pricing Forward Start Options in Models Based on (Time-Changed) Levy Processes
Author: Philipp Beyer
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2009
Genre:
ISBN:

Options depending on the forward skew are very popular. One such option is the forward starting call option - the basic building block of a cliquet option. Widely applied models to account for the forward skew dynamics to price such options include the Heston model, the Heston-Hull-White model and the Bates model. Within these models solutions for options including forward start features are available using (semi) analytical formulas. Today exponential (subordinated) Levy models being increasingly popular for modelling the asset dynamics. While the simple exponential Levy models imply the same forward volatily surface for all future times the subordinated models do not. Depending on the subordinator the dynamic of the forward volatility surface and therefore stochastic volatility can be modelled. Analytical pricing formulas based on the characteristic function and Fourier transform methods are available for the class of these models. We extend the applicability of analytical pricing to options including forward start features. To this end we derive the forward characteristic functions which can be used in Fourier transform based methods. As examples we consider the Variance Gamma model and the NIG model subordinated by a Gamma Ornstein Uhlenbeck process and respectively by an Cox-Ingersoll-Ross process. We check our analytical results by applying Monte Carlo methods. These results can for instance be applied to calibration of the forward volatility surface.

Time-Changed Levy Process and Option Pricing

Time-Changed Levy Process and Option Pricing
Author: Peter Carr
Publisher:
Total Pages: 35
Release: 2001
Genre:
ISBN:

We apply stochastic time change to Levy processes to generate a wide variety of tractable option pricing models. In particular, we prove a fundamental theorem that transforms the characteristic function of the time-changed Levy process into the Laplace transform of the stochastic time under appropriate measure change. We extend the traditional measure theory into the complex domain and define the measure change by a class of complex valued exponential martingales. We provide extensive examples to illustrate its applications and its link to existing models in the literature.

Pricing Average Options Under Time-Changed Levy Processes

Pricing Average Options Under Time-Changed Levy Processes
Author: Akira Yamazaki
Publisher:
Total Pages: 31
Release: 2014
Genre:
ISBN:

This paper presents an approximate formula for pricing average options when the underlying asset price is driven by time-changed Levy processes. Time-changed Levy processes are attractive to use for a driving factor of underlying prices because the processes provide a flexible framework for generating jumps, capturing stochastic volatility as the random time change, and introducing the leverage effect. There have been very few studies dealing with pricing problems of exotic derivatives on time-changed Levy processes in contrast to standard European derivatives. Our pricing formula is based on the Gram-Charlier expansion and the key of the formula is to find analytic treatments for computing the moments of the normalized average asset price. In numerical examples, we demonstrate that our formula give accurate values of average call options when adopting Heston's stochastic volatility model, VG-CIR, and NIG-CIR models.

Financial Modelling

Financial Modelling
Author: Joerg Kienitz
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 736
Release: 2013-02-18
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0470744898

Financial modelling Theory, Implementation and Practice with MATLAB Source Jörg Kienitz and Daniel Wetterau Financial Modelling - Theory, Implementation and Practice with MATLAB Source is a unique combination of quantitative techniques, the application to financial problems and programming using Matlab. The book enables the reader to model, design and implement a wide range of financial models for derivatives pricing and asset allocation, providing practitioners with complete financial modelling workflow, from model choice, deriving prices and Greeks using (semi-) analytic and simulation techniques, and calibration even for exotic options. The book is split into three parts. The first part considers financial markets in general and looks at the complex models needed to handle observed structures, reviewing models based on diffusions including stochastic-local volatility models and (pure) jump processes. It shows the possible risk-neutral densities, implied volatility surfaces, option pricing and typical paths for a variety of models including SABR, Heston, Bates, Bates-Hull-White, Displaced-Heston, or stochastic volatility versions of Variance Gamma, respectively Normal Inverse Gaussian models and finally, multi-dimensional models. The stochastic-local-volatility Libor market model with time-dependent parameters is considered and as an application how to price and risk-manage CMS spread products is demonstrated. The second part of the book deals with numerical methods which enables the reader to use the models of the first part for pricing and risk management, covering methods based on direct integration and Fourier transforms, and detailing the implementation of the COS, CONV, Carr-Madan method or Fourier-Space-Time Stepping. This is applied to pricing of European, Bermudan and exotic options as well as the calculation of the Greeks. The Monte Carlo simulation technique is outlined and bridge sampling is discussed in a Gaussian setting and for Lévy processes. Computation of Greeks is covered using likelihood ratio methods and adjoint techniques. A chapter on state-of-the-art optimization algorithms rounds up the toolkit for applying advanced mathematical models to financial problems and the last chapter in this section of the book also serves as an introduction to model risk. The third part is devoted to the usage of Matlab, introducing the software package by describing the basic functions applied for financial engineering. The programming is approached from an object-oriented perspective with examples to propose a framework for calibration, hedging and the adjoint method for calculating Greeks in a Libor market model. Source code used for producing the results and analysing the models is provided on the author's dedicated website, http://www.mathworks.de/matlabcentral/fileexchange/authors/246981.

Switching Levy Models in Continuous Time

Switching Levy Models in Continuous Time
Author: Kyriakos Chourdakis
Publisher:
Total Pages: 39
Release: 2008
Genre:
ISBN:

This paper introduces a general regime switching Levy process, and constructs the characteristic function in closed form. Correlations between the underlying Markov chain and the asset returns are also allowed, by imposing asset price jumps whenever a regime change takes place. Based on the characteristic function the conditional densities and vanilla option prices can be rapidly computed using FFT. It is shown that the regime switching model has the potential to capture a wide variety of implied volatility skews. The paper also discusses the pricing of exotic contracts, like barrier, Bermudan and American options, by implementation of a quadrature method. A detailed numerical experiment illustrates the application of the regime switching framework.

Change of Time Methods in Quantitative Finance

Change of Time Methods in Quantitative Finance
Author: Anatoliy Swishchuk
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 140
Release: 2016-05-31
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 331932408X

This book is devoted to the history of Change of Time Methods (CTM), the connections of CTM to stochastic volatilities and finance, fundamental aspects of the theory of CTM, basic concepts, and its properties. An emphasis is given on many applications of CTM in financial and energy markets, and the presented numerical examples are based on real data. The change of time method is applied to derive the well-known Black-Scholes formula for European call options, and to derive an explicit option pricing formula for a European call option for a mean-reverting model for commodity prices. Explicit formulas are also derived for variance and volatility swaps for financial markets with a stochastic volatility following a classical and delayed Heston model. The CTM is applied to price financial and energy derivatives for one-factor and multi-factor alpha-stable Levy-based models. Readers should have a basic knowledge of probability and statistics, and some familiarity with stochastic processes, such as Brownian motion, Levy process and martingale.

Option Pricing and Estimation of Financial Models with R

Option Pricing and Estimation of Financial Models with R
Author: Stefano M. Iacus
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 402
Release: 2011-02-23
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1119990203

Presents inference and simulation of stochastic process in the field of model calibration for financial times series modelled by continuous time processes and numerical option pricing. Introduces the bases of probability theory and goes on to explain how to model financial times series with continuous models, how to calibrate them from discrete data and further covers option pricing with one or more underlying assets based on these models. Analysis and implementation of models goes beyond the standard Black and Scholes framework and includes Markov switching models, Lévy models and other models with jumps (e.g. the telegraph process); Topics other than option pricing include: volatility and covariation estimation, change point analysis, asymptotic expansion and classification of financial time series from a statistical viewpoint. The book features problems with solutions and examples. All the examples and R code are available as an additional R package, therefore all the examples can be reproduced.

Applications of Fourier Transform to Smile Modeling

Applications of Fourier Transform to Smile Modeling
Author: Jianwei Zhu
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 338
Release: 2009-10-03
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3642018084

This book addresses the applications of Fourier transform to smile modeling. Smile effect is used generically by ?nancial engineers and risk managers to refer to the inconsistences of quoted implied volatilities in ?nancial markets, or more mat- matically, to the leptokurtic distributions of ?nancial assets and indices. Therefore, a sound modeling of smile effect is the central challenge in quantitative ?nance. Since more than one decade, Fourier transform has triggered a technical revolution in option pricing theory. Almost all new developed option pricing models, es- cially in connection with stochastic volatility and random jump, have extensively applied Fourier transform and the corresponding inverse transform to express - tion pricing formulas. The large accommodation of the Fourier transform allows for a very convenient modeling with a general class of stochastic processes and d- tributions. This book is then intended to present a comprehensive treatment of the Fourier transform in the option valuation, covering the most stochastic factors such as stochastic volatilities and interest rates, Poisson and Levy ́ jumps, including some asset classes such as equity, FX and interest rates, and providing numerical ex- ples and prototype programming codes. I hope that readers will bene?t from this book not only by gaining an overview of the advanced theory and the vast large l- erature on these topics, but also by gaining a ?rst-hand feedback from the practice on the applications and implementations of the theory.