Pip Breast Implants And Regulation Of Cosmetic Interventions
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| Author | : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Health Committee |
| Publisher | : The Stationery Office |
| Total Pages | : 60 |
| Release | : 2012-03-28 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780215043474 |
The Health Committee welcomes the Government's decision to commission two reviews following public concern about breast implant surgery, following the decision of the French authorities to recommend removal of implants sourced from PIP. The first, led by Sir Bruce Keogh, is tasked with assessing the regulation of cosmetic interventions in general. The second, led by Earl Howe, is tasked with analysing the policy reaction, in particular by MHRA and DoH, to the announcement by the French authorities in March 2010 that PIP products did not comply with the requirements of their CE registration. Sir Bruce 's preliminary report concluded that there is no evidence of likely long term negative health effects attributable to PIP implants, though the quality of evidence available does not allow definitive conclusions to be drawn. The Committee welcomes the Government's undertaking that the NHS will remove and replace any NHS implant which has failed, and agrees with the Government that all other care providers should make the same offer. The cost of all care provided in respect of non-NHS implants should be recovered, where possible, from the original care provider, or their insurers. Earl Howe's review should focus on key policy issues: the quality of information available about devices that have been implanted into patients; evidence that MRHA notices withdrawing CE registration from individual products do not require any positive response from non-NHS users of those products; evidence that some patients may have received implants without being fully aware of the medium and long term consequences.
| Author | : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Health Committee |
| Publisher | : The Stationery Office |
| Total Pages | : 32 |
| Release | : 2012-07-02 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780215046062 |
In February 2012 the Health Committee undertook an inquiry into 'PIP Breast implants and regulation of cosmetic interventions' (HC 1816, 16th report session 2010-12, ISBN 9780215043474). The Government response to that report (Cm. 8351, ISBN 9780101835121) is not commented upon here. This report follows on from the earlier conclusion that all possible evidence, including patient-reported experiences, must be gathered and analysed in order to inform the policy response to the issue. The timescale of the earlier inquiry did not allow evidence to be taken directly from those women affected. The Committee therefore established a web forum where women with PIP implants could explain how they had learned about the issues; what they had been told about their implants when they were provided; their experiences with their private providers once they had discovered they had PIP implants; and the support they received privately or from the NHS in having the implants removed or replaced. The web forum was open for comments during May 2012. By the time the forum closed to new comments on 31 may 2012, 194 women had registered with the forum and left 279 posts. By 24 June 2012 the forum had received over 4, 230 page views. This report summarises the responses received on the forum.
| Author | : Sara Fovargue |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 295 |
| Release | : 2015-08-11 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 1317591712 |
Whenever the legitimacy of a new or ethically contentious medical intervention is considered, a range of influences will determine whether the treatment becomes accepted as lawful medical treatment. The development and introduction of abortion, organ donation, gender reassignment, and non-therapeutic cosmetic surgery have, for example, all raised ethical, legal, and clinical issues. This book examines the various factors that legitimatise a medical procedure. Bringing together a range of internationally and nationally recognised academics from law, philosophy, medicine, health, economics, and sociology, the book explores the notion of a treatment, practice, or procedure being proper medical treatment, and considers the range of diverse factors which might influence the acceptance of a particular procedure as appropriate in the medical context. Contributors address such issues as clinical judgement and professional autonomy, the role of public interest, and the influence of resource allocation in decision-making. Chapter 6 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 3.0 license.
| Author | : Mark Jackson |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 889 |
| Release | : 2016-08-05 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 1134857942 |
The Routledge History of Disease draws on innovative scholarship in the history of medicine to explore the challenges involved in writing about health and disease throughout the past and across the globe, presenting a varied range of case studies and perspectives on the patterns, technologies and narratives of disease that can be identified in the past and that continue to influence our present. Organized thematically, chapters examine particular forms and conceptualizations of disease, covering subjects from leprosy in medieval Europe and cancer screening practices in twentieth-century USA to the ayurvedic tradition in ancient India and the pioneering studies of mental illness that took place in nineteenth-century Paris, as well as discussing the various sources and methods that can be used to understand the social and cultural contexts of disease. Chapter 24 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license. https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9781315543420.ch24
| Author | : Sheila Jeffreys |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 214 |
| Release | : 2014-12-03 |
| Genre | : Psychology |
| ISBN | : 1317675444 |
The new edition of Beauty and Misogyny revisits and updates Sheila Jeffreys' uncompromising critique of Western beauty practice and the industries and ideologies behind it. Jeffreys argues that beauty practices are not related to individual female choice or creative expression, but represent instead an important aspect of women's oppression. As these practices have become increasingly brutal and pervasive, the need to scrutinize and dismantle them is if anything more urgent now as it was in 2005 when the first edition of the book was published. The United Nations concept of "harmful traditional/cultural practices" provides a useful lens for the author to advance her critique. She makes the case for including Western beauty practices within this definition, examining their role in damaging women's health, creating sexual difference and enforcing female deference. First-wave feminists of the 1970s criticized pervasive beauty regimes such as dieting and depilation, but a later argument took hold that beauty practices were no longer oppressive now that women could "choose" them. In recent years the reality of Western beauty practices has become much more bloody and severe, requiring the breaking of skin and the rearrangement or amputation of body parts. Beauty and Misogyny seeks to make sense of why beauty practices have not only persisted but become more extreme. It examines the pervasive use of makeup, the misogyny of fashion and high-heeled shoes, and looks at the role of pornography in the creation of increasingly popular beauty practices such as breast implants, genital waxing, surgical alteration of the labia and other forms of self-mutilation. The book concludes by considering how a culture of resistance to these practices can be created. A new and thoroughly updated edition of this essential work will appeal to all levels of students and teachers of gender studies, cultural studies and feminist psychology, and to anyone with an interest in feminism, women and beauty, and women's health.
| Author | : Melanie Latham |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 222 |
| Release | : 2020-04-30 |
| Genre | : Health & Fitness |
| ISBN | : 0429489692 |
This book examines the legal, ethical and regulatory debates surrounding the rise of the cosmetic procedures industry. In the past, cosmetic procedures were often seen as limited to a small number of wealthy older women. Today, such procedures have gone mainstream, partly facilitated by the rise of ‘non-invasive’ techniques, such as the use of Botox and Dermal Fillers. While still a business dominated by the female consumer, there is also an increasing number of males undertaking cosmetic procedures as social expectations around appearance and ageing are challenged. At the same time, the rapid expansion of this business and the incoherent, diverse approach to its regulation have given rise to concern. It has been seen as a ‘Wild West’. If cosmetic procedures go wrong, such procedures give rise to real risks of harm. This book examines the historical backdrop, current practice and risks associated with cosmetic procedures. It discusses the ethical and regulatory challenges for this area. It also examines the current legal frameworks concerning people, practitioners and products in the UK. The book also draws lessons from regulatory approaches in other jurisdictions with particular reference to the United States, Brazil and France. It then sets out a legal and regulatory framework that might better protect and empower the cosmetic consumer, now and in the future. The book is likely to be of particular interest to those working in the areas of health and medical law, socio-legal studies and political science.
| Author | : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Health Committee |
| Publisher | : The Stationery Office |
| Total Pages | : 82 |
| Release | : 2012-12-03 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780215050885 |
This year's accountability hearings focused on three areas of particular interest: the arrangements for revalidation of doctors, which are to commence on 3 December 2012, and associated matters such as patient involvement and examination of the language competence of doctors; the professional leadership activity undertaken by the GMC in the last year; and the regulation activity undertaken by the GMC, including the establishment of the Medical Practitioner Tribunal Service. The Council is performing effectively in its two roles of defining and applying standards for the medical profession and providing a focus of professional leadership. The outcome of the Law Commission's consultation on professional regulation in the health and care sector, which proposed a formal role for the Health Committee in the accountability structures, is still awaited. Specific concerns included that whilst there has been some progress on the amendment of domestic legislation which restricts the language testing of doctors this is no substitute for the revision of the European legislation which presently prohibits language testing of doctors on a national basis. There have also been continued upward trends in complaints against doctors received by the GMC, and the Committee expects to examine in 2013 the outcomes of further research the GMC has commissioned into these trends. The Committee feels that the present 15-month target for the GMC to complete 90% of its fitness to practise cases should be lowered to 12 months. The Committee also welcomes proposed legislation to enable the GMC's investigatory arm to appeal against decisions made by the MPTS where the outcome of a hearing is disputed
| Author | : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Health Committee |
| Publisher | : The Stationery Office |
| Total Pages | : 104 |
| Release | : 2013-01-16 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780215052391 |
The Health Committee is highly critical of the delay in setting out precisely what a value-based pricing system for drugs entails. There is also uncertainty about the implications of the changes proposed for the Cancer Drugs Fund which was introduced in 2011 to allow clinicians to use drugs that had not been approved by NICE, and which will be superseded by the value-based pricing system. The Committee calls for: an assessment of the outcomes for those patients whose treatment has been paid for by the Cancer Drugs Fund; evidence of beneficial outcomes which should inform the new value-based pricing scheme and applied to treatments of conditions other than cancer; and clarity about how drugs which have been paid for by the Fund will continue to be available to individual patients. There is also concern about the implications for the effectiveness of NICE of recent evidence about access to information from clinical drug trials. There should be both a professional and legal obligation to ensure that all regulators, including NICE, have access to all available research data about the efficacy and safety of pharmaceutical products which are in use in the UK. The pharmaceutical industry should introduce a new code of practice to make this commitment effective and the GMC should reiterate its guidance to doctors on the conduct of drug trials. Is important for the credibility of NICE that Patient voice is effectively and openly represented in all its work; and that NICE guidance should continue to be guidance rather than an instruction and that the NHS should continue to allow local discretion, but variations from NICE guidance should be open, transparent and accountable
| Author | : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Health Committee |
| Publisher | : The Stationery Office |
| Total Pages | : 172 |
| Release | : 2012-07-19 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780215046857 |
The main focus of the alcohol strategy is binge drinking and its consequences for anti-social behaviour. Those are important issues, but the health impact of chronic alcohol misuse is also significant and greater emphasis needs to be placed on addressing that impact. In order to be effective the Strategy needs some clearer objectives to provide a framework for both policy judgements and accountability. The Committee recommends that Public Health England should have a central role in developing these objectives, and linking them to local strategies in every area across the country. The Committee supports the decision to introduce a minimum unit price for alcohol, but a transparent process must be put in place in order to ensure that the price level is evidence-based and is monitored to assess its effectiveness. The Committee concludes that: the Responsibility Deal is intrinsic to responsible corporate citizenship, but it is not a substitute for Government policy; the alcohol industry needs to acknowledge that its advertising messages do have an effect on attitudes if it wishes to be seen as a serious committed partner in the Responsibility; rules on alcohol advertising should be re-examined to reduce the likelihood of adverts influencing young people under 18; Public Health England should undertake an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Responsibility Deal and should commission a study into the principles and implications of introducing the French Loi Evin; the Department of Health's work on which models of treatment provision are most effective in addressing the health issues caused by alcohol abuse is welcome
| Author | : Heather Widdows |
| Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
| Total Pages | : 360 |
| Release | : 2020-02-25 |
| Genre | : Health & Fitness |
| ISBN | : 0691197148 |
How looking beautiful has become a moral imperative in today's worldThe demand to be beautiful is increasingly important in today's visual and virtual culture. Rightly or wrongly, being perfect has become an ethical ideal to live by, and according to which we judge ourselves good or bad, a success or a failure. Perfect Me explores the changing nature of the beauty ideal, showing how it is more dominant, more demanding, and more global than ever before.Heather Widdows argues that our perception of the self is changing. More and more, we locate the self in the body--not just our actual, flawed bodies but our transforming and imagined ones. As this happens, we further embrace the beauty ideal. Nobody is firm enough, thin enough, smooth enough, or buff enough-not without significant effort and cosmetic intervention. And as more demanding practices become the norm, more will be required of us, and the beauty ideal will be harder and harder to resist.If you have ever felt the urge to "make the best of yourself" or worried that you were "letting yourself go," this book explains why. Perfect Me examines how the beauty ideal has come to define how we see ourselves and others and how we structure our daily practices-and how it enthralls us with promises of the good life that are dubious at best. Perfect Me demonstrates that we must first recognize the ethical nature of the beauty ideal if we are ever to address its harms.
