The problem of Water Pollution and scarcity of clean water is increasing day by day in India, which is due to so many reasons like fast and unplanned urbanization, non vailability of treatment technologies as well as lack of attention and skill in the field of pollution and pollution control systems. Keeping the environment clean and safe is not a duty of any individual but it is the duty of all. Environment can be kept safe with the joint efforts of all who are living on the earth and every human has to contribute in this with their capacity either by their act for the prevention or by their skill for the corrective actions. Since I am in the field of Effluent Treatment and worked with so many treatment systems, therefore, I felt it as my duty to share my knowledge among the Environment Technical and to inspire the professionals of Sugar Industries to put attention towards the treatment of the effluent and water conservation. I am thankful to my colleague Mr. Manoj Kr. Mishra who has helped a lot in compilation of the relevant matters in this Book. I am also thankful to our colleague Ms. Lucky Jain who has helped in typing of this Book. This book is being written in keeping view of the Effluent Treatment of cane based Sugar Industries this book comprises with the technologies available for the treatment of the cane sugar Manufacturing Industries. Besides this book also covers the way of selection of suitable technologies and the procedure for their operation and maintenance with the procedures how to measures the performance of the Effluent treatment system. We have tried to precise the material of the Book. Only essential, relevant and compulsory contents are taken care. I hope this Book will be helpful not only to the professionals who are working in Effluent Treatment and Environment but others who are working with the other department like Production and Engineering will also get benefited with this Book.