Optimal Use of Variable Message Signs
Author | : Peter Cairney |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 79 |
Release | : 2006 |
Genre | : Traffic signs and signals |
ISBN | : |
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Author | : Peter Cairney |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 79 |
Release | : 2006 |
Genre | : Traffic signs and signals |
ISBN | : |
Author | : John S. Miller |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 48 |
Release | : 1995 |
Genre | : Electronic traffic controls |
ISBN | : |
A comprehensive research effort to develop operator's manuals for variable message signs (VMSs) was undertaken to improve the operations of both portable and permanent (fixed-site) VMSs in Virginia. This report describes the development of two manuals, the Permanent VMS Operator's Manual and the Portable VMS Operator's Manual which will be published separately. These manuals were based on information obtained from the literature, VMS operators, and motorists. Issues addressed by the manuals include when a VMS should be used, where a portable VMS should be placed, and the design of the VMS message. The manuals are not simply a list of pre-defined messages. They are a series of concise modules guiding the operator through the thought process required to use a VMS effectively. The operator follows a logical decision tree from module to module, to achieve the best placement and best message for a VMS. Effective VMS use actually requires a complex thought process, despite the apparent simplicity of the messages. The manuals include essential material about VMS operation. Based on theoretical calculations and motorists' experiences, it is strongly recommended that a VMS use no more than two message screens. A single message screen is preferred. VMSs should be used only to advise drivers of changed traffic conditions and convey specific traffic information concisely. Due to limited information capabilities, VMSs should be used in conjunction with other means of communication such as highway advisory radio and static signs. Most importantly, it is crucial that credibility be maintained. Incorrect information can have extreme consequences in terms of VMS effectiveness.
Author | : Xuegan Ban |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 64 |
Release | : 2009 |
Genre | : Highway communications |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Dennis R. Proffitt |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 32 |
Release | : 1998 |
Genre | : Electronic traffic controls |
ISBN | : |
This report addresses the human factors issues related to the reading and comprehension of variable message sign (VMS) messages. A review of the literature was conducted on factors that affect how people read VMSs. Several topics were reviewed. The first topic was literacy. Since reading literacy is not a requirement for obtaining a driver's license, VMS composition should reflect the varied reading competence levels of motorists. It was found that about 25% of Virginians over the age of 16 are weak readers and will likely encounter problems reading VMSs. The second topic addressed how people read. Reading is an interactive process that derives much of its speed and accuracy from implicit knowledge acquired through familiarity. This implies that VMS messages should present familiar, standardized content whenever possible. A review of the literature on warning signs was the third topic. Effective warning signs should have several properties: Short, concise messages are both easier to read and more likely to be read. Signal words, such as CAUTION, are not effective. Finally, areas for further research were identified. Symbolic messages and abbreviations are worthy of further investigation as they have the potential for easy recognition, provided they are familiar to motorists and can be accommodated by the VMS. In addition, although the MUTCD advises angling the VMS away from the roadway to reduce headlight glare, angling the VMS toward the roadway could be desirable for increasing readability. In both these areas, theoretical and practical work is needed. The report recommends that these human factors characteristics and limitations be taken into consideration in the deployment of VMSs and in the composition of their messages.
Author | : National Research Council (U.S.). Highway Research Board |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 636 |
Release | : 1971 |
Genre | : Highway engineering |
ISBN | : |
Author | : National Research Council (U.S.). Highway Research Board |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 728 |
Release | : |
Genre | : Highway research |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Paul W. Allred |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 200 |
Release | : 1981 |
Genre | : Road markings |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Igor Y. Maevski |
Publisher | : Transportation Research Board |
Total Pages | : 199 |
Release | : 2011 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 0309143306 |
TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) 415: Design Fires in Road Tunnels information on the state of the practice of design fires in road tunnels, focusing on tunnel fire dynamics and the means of fire management for design guidance.
Author | : Randolph Hall |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 737 |
Release | : 2006-04-11 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 0306480581 |
Over the past thirty-five years, a substantial amount of theoretical and empirical scholarly research has been developed across the discipline domains of Transportation. This research has been synthesized into a systematic handbook that examines the scientific concepts, methods, and principles of this growing and evolving field. The Handbook of Transportation Science outlines the field of transportation as a scientific discipline that transcends transportation technology and methods. Whether by car, truck, airplane - or by a mode of transportation that has not yet been conceived - transportation obeys fundamental properties. The science of transportation defines these properties, and demonstrates how our knowledge of one mode of transportation can be used to explain the behavior of another. Transportation scientists are motivated by the desire to explain spatial interactions that result in movement of people or objects from place to place. Its methodologies draw from physics, operations research, probability and control theory.