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| Author | : OECD |
| Publisher | : OECD Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 8 |
| Release | : 2004-11-23 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9264071067 |
The in vivo percutaneous absorption study set out in this Test Guideline provides the linkage necessary to extrapolate from oral studies when making safety assessments following dermal exposure. The in vivo method, described in this guideline ...
| Author | : OECD |
| Publisher | : OECD Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 8 |
| Release | : 2004-11-23 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9264071083 |
This Test method has been designed to provide information on absorption of a test substance, (ideally radiolabelled), applied to the surface of a skin sample separating the two chambers (a donor chamber and a receptor chamber) of a diffusion cell ...
| Author | : OECD |
| Publisher | : OECD Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 105 |
| Release | : 2014-09-03 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9264221441 |
This document describes the state of knowledge of the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for skin sensitisation initiated by covalent binding to proteins, assesses the weight-of-evidence supporting the AOP, identifies the key events, and identifies databases containing test results related to key events.
| Author | : Harikrishnan Vijayakumar Sreelatha |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 645 |
| Release | : |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9819700485 |
| Author | : Christian Surber |
| Publisher | : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers |
| Total Pages | : 420 |
| Release | : 2021-10-25 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3318066087 |
In the early 20th century, tanned skin was associated with good health. However, people began to protect themselves against potential overexposure to avoid sunburns. Around 1945, the first sunscreen products became available. In the years to follow, a vast number of different sunscreen filters and frameworks regulating filter substances and preparations, and methods characterizing sunscreen products were developed. The perception regarding the tasks of sunscreen products changed several times – initially it was promoted as a lifestyle product, then as a skin cancer preventive means, and more recently also for anti-aging. Different purposes and the widespread use of these products have led to myriad studies and a wealth of information. In this volume, the editors present a current collection of information analyzing and discussing issues related to sunscreen products and their use. These include challenges regarding the ideal sunscreen product including filter selection and formulation issues, measurement methods, performance characterization, safety, and regulatory issues. Further papers address topics related to the use of sunscreen products in everyday life, in vulnerable cohorts and outdoor workers. Controversial topics such as environmental effects of sunscreen products and the risks and benefits of UV radiation in the context of skin cancer, vitamin D and cardiovascular and metabolic health are also covered.
| Author | : Heather A. E. Benson |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 580 |
| Release | : 2021-10-12 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1119769604 |
A comprehensive guide to the current research, major challenges, and future prospects of controlled drug delivery systems Controlled drug delivery has the potential to significantly improve therapeutic outcomes, increase clinical benefits, and enhance the safety of drugs in a wide range of diseases and health conditions. Fundamentals of Drug Delivery provides comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of the essential principles and processes of modern controlled drug delivery systems. Featuring contributions by respected researchers, clinicians, and pharmaceutical industry professionals, this edited volume reviews the latest research in the field and addresses the many issues central to the development of effective, controlled drug delivery. Divided in three parts, the book begins by introducing the concept of drug delivery and discussing both challenges and opportunities within the rapidly evolving field. The second section presents an in-depth critique of the common administration routes for controlled drug delivery, including delivery through skin, the lungs, and via ocular, nasal, and otic routes. The concluding section summarizes the current state of the field and examines specific issues in drug delivery and advanced delivery technologies, such as the use of nanotechnology in dermal drug delivery and advanced drug delivery systems for biologics. This authoritative resource: Covers each main stage of the drug development process, including selecting pharmaceutical candidates and evaluating their physicochemical characteristics Describes the role and application of mathematical modelling and the influence of drug transporters in pharmacokinetics and drug disposition Details the physiology and barriers to drug delivery for each administration route Presents a historical perspective and a look into the possible future of advanced drug delivery systems Explores nanotechnology and cell-mediated drug delivery, including applications for targeted delivery and toxicological and safety issues Includes comprehensive references and links to the primary literature Edited by a team of of internationally-recognized experts, Fundamentals of Drug Delivery is essential reading for researchers, industrial scientists, and advanced students in all areas of drug delivery including pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical sciences, biomedical engineering, polymer and materials science, and chemical and biochemical engineering.
| Author | : Amy J. Clippinger |
| Publisher | : Frontiers Media SA |
| Total Pages | : 139 |
| Release | : 2022-12-16 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 2832508596 |
| Author | : OECD |
| Publisher | : OECD Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 244 |
| Release | : 2004-10-07 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9264017984 |
The OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals are a collection of internationally agreed methods for testing the safety of chemicals and chemical preparations, including pesticides and industrial chemicals. This 2005 update contains 11 new and 3 revised guidelines.
| Author | : Kenji Sugibayashi |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 410 |
| Release | : 2017-11-28 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 4431565264 |
This book reviews skin permeation and disposition of chemical compounds. Skin is utilized as an administration site for transdermal drug delivery systems, topical drug formulations, cosmeceuticals, and cosmetics. Their usefulness is closely related to the permeation and disposition of entrapped active ingredients through and into the skin. Skin permeation, disposition, and metabolism of chemicals are first summarized in the general introduction. Then primary topical formulations are explained in the second part, “Basic Formulations Applied to Skin”. The explanation for the active compounds and formulations are of the most important parts required to fabricate these formulations. Skin absorption of chemicals is generally much lower than oral and the other mucosal absorptions, so that skin-penetration enhancement is a key issue to have good formulations topically applied. Part 3 presents “Skin Penetration Enhancement”. In addition, Part 4, “Selection of Topically Applied Chemical Candidates”, deals with selection methods of topically applied ingredients for transdermal drug delivery systems, topical drug formulations, cosmeceuticals, and cosmetics. Parts 5 and 6, “Safety Assessment of Topically Applied Compounds“ and “Experimental Methods of Skin Permeation“, respectively, show safety issues and experimental methods for topical formulations. The final part consists of comments on therapeutic and cosmetic formulations by medical doctors and pharmacists. Their comments are especially helpful for pharmaceutical and cosmetic researchers who study dermatopharmacokinetics and topical formulations. This volume is particularly useful for those working in R&D, graduate students, and educators in the area of pharmaceutics, cosmetic sciences, dermatological sciences, pharmacology, toxicology, biopharmacy, pharmacokinetics, physical pharmacy, chemical engineering, and related fields.
| Author | : Curtis D. Klaassen |
| Publisher | : McGraw Hill Professional |
| Total Pages | : 1639 |
| Release | : 2018-11-23 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1259863751 |
Toxicology’s gold-standard text - completely updated to reflect the latest breakthroughs and discoveries A Doody’s Core Title for 2021! Casarett & Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, Ninth Edition equips you with an unsurpassed understanding of modern toxicology, including the key principles, concepts, mechanisms, chemical-specific toxicity, and modes of thought that are the foundation of the discipline. This trusted classic not only delivers a comprehensive review of the essential components of toxicology, it offers the most up-to-date, revealing, and in-depth look at the systemic responses of toxic substance available anywhere. Casarett & Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, Ninth Edition is logically divided into seven sections: General Principles of Toxicology Disposition of Toxicants Non-Organ Directed Toxicity Target Organ Toxicity Toxic Agents Environmental Toxicology Applications of Toxicology Many new contributors capture the progress made in toxicology over the past few years: This edition is markedly updated from the previous edition, with more than one-third of the chapters authored by scientists who have not made previous contributions to the book. Sharing their expertise, they deliver dynamic new coverage of the importance of apoptosis, autophagy, cytokines, growth factors, oncogenes, cell cycling, receptors, gene regulation, protective mechanisms, repair mechanisms, transcription factors, signaling pathways, transgenic mice, knock-out mice, humanized mice, polymorphisms, microarray technology, second-generation sequencing, genomics, proteomics, epigenetics, exposome, microbiota, read across, adverse outcome pathways, high-content screening, computational toxicology, innovative test methods, and organ-on-a-chip in understanding the mechanisms of toxicity and the regulation of chemicals. A true “essential” If you are in need of an up-to-date, all-in-one overview of the biomedical and environmental aspects of toxicology - written by experts, and presented in full color, your search ends here.
