Forecasting in the Presence of Structural Breaks and Model Uncertainty

Forecasting in the Presence of Structural Breaks and Model Uncertainty
Author: David E. Rapach
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Total Pages: 691
Release: 2008-02-29
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 044452942X

Forecasting in the presence of structural breaks and model uncertainty are active areas of research with implications for practical problems in forecasting. This book addresses forecasting variables from both Macroeconomics and Finance, and considers various methods of dealing with model instability and model uncertainty when forming forecasts.

Essays on Structural Breaks and Forecasting in Econometric Models

Essays on Structural Breaks and Forecasting in Econometric Models
Author: Yaein Baek
Publisher:
Total Pages: 176
Release: 2019
Genre:
ISBN:

Instability of parametric models is a common problem in many fields of economics. In econometrics, these changes in the underlying data generating process are referred to as structural breaks. Although there is an extensive literature on estimation and statistical tests of structural breaks, existing methods fail to adequately capture a break. This dissertation consists of three papers on developing econometric methods for structural breaks and forecasting. The first chapter develops a new method in estimating the location of a structural break in a linear model and provide theoretical results and empirical applications of the estimator. In finite sample the conventional least-squares estimates a break occurred at either ends of the sample with high probability, regardless of the true break point. I suggest an estimator of the break point that resolves this pile up issue and thus, provide a more accurate estimate of the break. The second chapter constructs a statistical test to test existence of a structural break when the direction of the parameter shift is known. In practice it is likely that a researcher is interested in testing for a structural break in a particular direction because the direction is known, such as policy change or historical data. We incorporate this information in constructing three tests that have higher power when direction is correctly specified. The last chapter proposes a multi-period forecasting method that is robust to model misspecification. When we are interested in obtaining long horizon ahead forecasts, the direct forecast method is more favorable than the iterated forecast because it is more robust to misspecification. However, direct forecast estimates tend to have jagged shapes across horizons. I use a mechanism analogous to ridge regression on the direct forecast model to maintain robustness while smoothing out erratic estimates.

Forecasting in the Presence of Structural Breaks and Model Uncertainty

Forecasting in the Presence of Structural Breaks and Model Uncertainty
Author: David E. Rapach
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Total Pages: 691
Release: 2008-02-29
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1849505403

Forecasting in the presence of structural breaks and model uncertainty are active areas of research with implications for practical problems in forecasting. This book addresses forecasting variables from both Macroeconomics and Finance, and considers various methods of dealing with model instability and model uncertainty when forming forecasts.

A Near Optimal Test for Structural Breaks When Forecasting Under Square Error Loss

A Near Optimal Test for Structural Breaks When Forecasting Under Square Error Loss
Author: Tom Boot
Publisher:
Total Pages: 56
Release: 2017
Genre:
ISBN:

We propose a near optimal test for structural breaks of unknown timing when the purpose of the analysis is to obtain accurate forecasts under square error loss. A bias-variance trade-off exists under square forecast error loss, which implies that small structural breaks should be ignored. We study critical break sizes, assess the relevance of the break location, and provide a test to determine whether modeling a break will improve forecast accuracy. Asymptotic critical values and near optimality properties are established allowing for a break under the null, where the critical break size varies with the break location. The results are extended to a class of shrinkage forecasts with our test statistic as shrinkage constant. Empirical results on a large number of macroeconomic time series show that structural breaks that are relevant for forecasting occur much less frequently than indicated by existing tests.