Magnetic Helicity In Space And Laboratory Plasmas
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| Author | : Michael R. Brown |
| Publisher | : American Geophysical Union |
| Total Pages | : 324 |
| Release | : 1999-01-26 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : |
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 111. Using the concept of magnetic helicity, physicists and mathematicians describe the topology of magnetic fields: twisting, writhing, and linkage. Mathematically, helicity is related to linking integrals, which Gauss introduced in the 19th century to describe the paths of asteroids in the sky. In the late 1970s the concept proved to be critical to understand laboratory plasma experiments on magnetic reconnection, dynamos, and magnetic field relaxation. In the late 1980s it proved equally important in understanding turbulence in the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field. During the last five years interest in magnetic helicity has grown dramatically in solar physics, and it will continue to grow as observations of vector magnetic fields become increasingly sophisticated.
| Author | : Masaaki Yamada |
| Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
| Total Pages | : 312 |
| Release | : 2022-04-19 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 069118013X |
The essential introduction to magnetic reconnection—written by a leading pioneer of the field Plasmas comprise more than 99 percent of the visible universe; and, wherever plasmas are, magnetic reconnection occurs. In this common yet incompletely understood physical process, oppositely directed magnetic fields in a plasma meet, break, and then reconnect, converting the huge amounts of energy stored in magnetic fields into kinetic and thermal energy. In Magnetic Reconnection, Masaaki Yamada offers an illuminating synthesis of modern research and advances on this important topic. Magnetic reconnection produces such phenomena as solar flares and the northern lights, and occurs in nuclear fusion devices. A better understanding of this crucial cosmic activity is essential to comprehending the universe and varied technological applications, such as satellite communications. Most of our knowledge of magnetic reconnection comes from theoretical and computational models and laboratory experiments, but space missions launched in recent years have added up-close observation and measurements to researchers’ tools. Describing the fundamental physics of magnetic reconnection, Yamada links the theory with the latest results from laboratory experiments and space-based observations, including the Magnetic Reconnection Experiment (MRX) and the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) Mission. He concludes by considering outstanding problems and laying out a road map for future research. Aimed at advanced graduate students and researchers in plasma astrophysics, solar physics, and space physics, Magnetic Reconnection provides cutting-edge information on a vital area of scientific investigation.
| Author | : Paul M Bellan |
| Publisher | : World Scientific |
| Total Pages | : 653 |
| Release | : 2018-03-12 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1786345161 |
Pedagogical in style, this book provides insights into plasma behavior valid over twenty orders of magnitude in both time and space. The book assumes that the reader has a basic knowledge of magnetohydrodynamics and explains topics using detailed theoretical analysis supported by discussion of relevant experiments. This comprehensive approach gives the reader an understanding of the essential theoretical ideas and their application to real situations.The book starts by explaining the topological concept of magnetic helicity and then develops a helicity-based model that predicts the ultimate state towards which magnetically-dominated plasmas evolve. The model predicts that no matter how messy or complicated the dynamics, a great range of plasma configurations always self-organize to a unique, simple final state. This self-organization, called relaxation, is a fundamental concept that unifies understanding of spheromaks, solar corona loops, interplanetary magnetic clouds, and astrophysical jets.After establishing why relaxation occurs, the book then examines how relaxation occurs. It shows that relaxation involves a sequence of complex non-equilibrium dynamics including fast self-collimated plasma jets, kink instabilities, magnetic reconnection, and phenomena outside the realm of magnetohydrodynamics.
| Author | : Renzo L. Ricca |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 346 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9401004463 |
Leading experts present a unique, invaluable introduction to the study of the geometry and typology of fluid flows. From basic motions on curves and surfaces to the recent developments in knots and links, the reader is gradually led to explore the fascinating world of geometric and topological fluid mechanics. Geodesics and chaotic orbits, magnetic knots and vortex links, continual flows and singularities become alive with more than 160 figures and examples. In the opening article, H. K. Moffatt sets the pace, proposing eight outstanding problems for the 21st century. The book goes on to provide concepts and techniques for tackling these and many other interesting open problems.
| Author | : Yuhong Fan |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 204 |
| Release | : 2012-03-28 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1461437601 |
This volume is devoted to the dynamics and diagnostics of solar magnetic fields and plasmas in the Sun’s atmosphere. Five broad areas of current research in Solar Physics are presented: (1) New techniques for incorporating radiation transfer effects into three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic models of the solar interior and atmosphere, (2) The connection between observed radiation processes occurring during flares and the underlying flare energy release and transport mechanisms, (3) The global balance of forces and momenta that occur during flares, (4) The data-analysis and theoretical tools needed to understand and assimilate vector magnetogram observations and (5) Connecting flare and CME phenomena to the topological properties of the magnetic field in the Solar Atmosphere. The role of the Sun’s magnetic field is a major emphasis of this book, which was inspired by a workshop honoring Richard C. (Dick) Canfield. Dick has been making profound contributions to these areas of research over a long and productive scientific career. Many of the articles in this topical issue were first presented as talks during this workshop and represent substantial original work. The workshop was held 9 – 11 August 2010, at the Center Green campus of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colorado. This volume is aimed at researchers and graduate students active in solar physics, solar-terrestrial physics and magneto-hydrodynamics. Previously published in Solar Physics journal, Vol. 277/1, 2012.
| Author | : Jörg Büchner |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 300 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : Magnetic reconnection |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : S. Panchev |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 459 |
| Release | : 2016-10-27 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 148314559X |
International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy, Volume 32: Random Functions and Turbulence focuses on the use of random functions as mathematical methods. The manuscript first offers information on the elements of the theory of random functions. Topics include determination of statistical moments by characteristic functions; functional transformations of random variables; multidimensional random variables with spherical symmetry; and random variables and distribution functions. The book then discusses random processes and random fields, including stationarity and ergodicity of random processes; influence of finiteness of the interval of averaging; scalar and vector random fields; and statistical moments. The text takes a look at the statistical theory of turbulence. Topics include turbulence with very large Reynolds numbers; emergence of turbulent motion; and energy spectrum in isothermal turbulent shear flow. The book also discusses small-scale and large-scale atmospheric turbulence and applications to numerical weather analysis and prediction. The manuscript is a vital source of data for readers interested in random theory.
| Author | : Alwyn Scott |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 1107 |
| Release | : 2006-05-17 |
| Genre | : Reference |
| ISBN | : 1135455589 |
In 438 alphabetically-arranged essays, this work provides a useful overview of the core mathematical background for nonlinear science, as well as its applications to key problems in ecology and biological systems, chemical reaction-diffusion problems, geophysics, economics, electrical and mechanical oscillations in engineering systems, lasers and nonlinear optics, fluid mechanics and turbulence, and condensed matter physics, among others.
| Author | : Paul M Bellan |
| Publisher | : World Scientific |
| Total Pages | : 357 |
| Release | : 2000-01-22 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1783262192 |
Spheromaks are easily formed, self-organized magnetized plasma configurations that have intrigued plasma physicists for over two decades. Sometimes called magnetic vortices, magnetic smoke rings, or plasmoids, spheromaks first attracted attention as a possible controlled thermonuclear plasma confinement scheme, but are now known to have many other applications.This book begins with a review of the basic concepts of magnetohydrodynamics and toroidal magnetic configurations, then provides a detailed exposition of the 3D topological concepts underlying spheromak physics, namely magnetic helicity, Taylor relaxation, force-free equilibria, and tilt stability. It then examines spheromak formation techniques, driven and isolated configurations, dynamo concepts, practical experimental issues, diagnostics, and a number of applications. The book concludes by showing how spheromak ideas are closely related to the physics of solar prominences and interplanetary magnetic clouds./a
| Author | : Edith Falgarone |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 466 |
| Release | : 2008-01-11 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 354036238X |
This book contains review articles of most of the topics addressed at the conf- ence on Simulations of Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in astrophysics: recent achievements and perspectives which took place from July 2 to 6, 2001 at the Institut Henri Poincar ́e in Paris. We made the choice to publish these lectures in a tutorial form so that they can be read by a broad audience. As a result, this book does not give an exhaustive view of all the subjects addressed during the conference. The main objective of this workshop which gathered about 90 scientists from di?erent ?elds, was to present and confront recent results on the topic of t- bulence in magnetized astrophysical environments. A second objective was to discuss the latest generation of numerical codes, such as those using adaptive mesh re?nement (AMR) techniques. During a plenary discussion at the end of the workshop discussions were held on several topics, often at the heart of vivid controversies. Topics included the timescale for the dissipation of magneto-hydrodynamical (MHD) turbulence, the role of boundary conditions, the characteristics of imbalanced turbulence, the validity of the polytropic approach to Alfv ́en waves support within interst- lar clouds, the source of turbulence inside clouds devoid of stellar activity, the timescale for star formation, the Alfv ́en Mach number of interstellar gas motions, the formation process for helical ?elds in the interstellar medium. The impact of small upon large scales was also discussed.
