Investor Expectations Earnings Management And Asset Prices
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| Author | : Kai Du |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 53 |
| Release | : 2019 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
This paper examines the implications of investor expectations for the joint determination of earnings manipulation and asset prices. Three alternative models of investor expectations are studied: constant-gain learning, regime-shifting beliefs, and accounting-information-system (AIS) beliefs. I use the simulated method of moments (SMM) to estimate the most plausible model that matches the actual data. AIS beliefs and regime-shifting beliefs are shown to best explain the empirical moments of 63 percent and 32 percent of S&P 500 firms, respectively. Regression analysis suggests that the three models offer different predictions on the existence and magnitude of several empirical regularities including a positive earnings response coefficient, the discretionary accruals anomaly, and return momentum.
| Author | : Malek El Diri |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 120 |
| Release | : 2017-08-20 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 3319626868 |
This book provides researchers and scholars with a comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of earnings management theory and literature. While it raises new questions for future research, the book can be also helpful to other parties who rely on financial reporting in making decisions like regulators, policy makers, shareholders, investors, and gatekeepers e.g., auditors and analysts. The book summarizes the existing literature and provides insight into new areas of research such as the differences between earnings management, fraud, earnings quality, impression management, and expectation management; the trade-off between earnings management activities; the special measures of earnings management; and the classification of earnings management motives based on a comprehensive theoretical framework.
| Author | : Joshua Ronen |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 587 |
| Release | : 2008-08-06 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0387257713 |
This book is a study of earnings management, aimed at scholars and professionals in accounting, finance, economics, and law. The authors address research questions including: Why are earnings so important that firms feel compelled to manipulate them? What set of circumstances will induce earnings management? How will the interaction among management, boards of directors, investors, employees, suppliers, customers and regulators affect earnings management? How to design empirical research addressing earnings management? What are the limitations and strengths of current empirical models?
| Author | : Tom Copeland |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 295 |
| Release | : 2011-09-28 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 111816105X |
CEOs and managers live and die by delivering superior performance to shareholders. This is why expectations-based management has been developed. Outperform with Expectations-Based Management (EBM) introduces a revolutionary new performance metric that links performance standards, performance measurement, and the achievement of performance. It's easy to say that if a CEO can get performance measurement right, then performance improvement will follow. But what is the "right" measure of performance, and how do you use it to improve performance? Authors Tom Copeland and Aaron Dolgoff answer these questions and many more, as they show you how to find the measure of performance that has the strongest link to the creation of wealth for the owners of both public and private companies. They answer the puzzle of why growth in earnings is not correlated with shareholder returns and explain the under- and over-investment traps. And they explain how clear communications to investors and managers alike improve value. The bottom line is that share prices go up when companies exceed expectations -- short-term and long-term -- of income statement and balance sheet performance and daily operating value drivers. Gain a complete understanding of EBM and discover how to do this, and much more, while staying competitive in an unforgiving business environment.
| Author | : Magdalena Mikołajek-Gocejna |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 235 |
| Release | : 2014-06-27 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 3319068474 |
Understanding the process of shaping investor expectations is essential to describe and predict changes in the value of assets on the financial markets, especially stock prices on the capital markets and thus the value of companies listed on them. The main objective of this book is to include the investor expectations in the concept of enterprise value management and measurement of shareholders value creation. It seems that the role of expectations, as a determinant of investment decisions on the capital market, requires a deep insight and highlight the importance of managing the expectations for creating value for shareholders, in particular in the context of the financial crisis of 2007-2009. Creating value for shareholders is to overcome investor expectations for the rate of return on their initial investment. That means that managers must understand how investors build their expectations. According to studies conducted by T. Copeland and A. Dolgoff'a there is a strong and statistically significant relation between the shareholders returns and the two types of variables: changes in expectations for the future earnings and changes in the level of interference of provided information. Almost 50% of the variance of return rates can be explained by these two variables. Studies have also shown that changes in expectations for long-term profits have a significant and immediate impact on the share price. Readers of this book will be able to understand the process of investor expectation formulation, will know how to create value in response to investor expectations and how to consciously shape investor expectations in order to increase company value.
| Author | : E. J. Hannan |
| Publisher | : SIAM |
| Total Pages | : 418 |
| Release | : 2012-05-31 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1611972183 |
Originally published: New York: Wiley, c1988.
| Author | : Ph. D. Pat O'Leary |
| Publisher | : Totalrecall Publications |
| Total Pages | : 124 |
| Release | : 2009-03-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780970468444 |
Analytical approach to Investing Research A Market Insiders Analytical Approach Removes Management Fluff to Help Predict Forward Pricing and Valuation Based on Solid Principles That Can Be Quantified The earnings management and expectations management directly impacts the analytical forecasts in firm evaluation. Earnings and analyst forecasts are important inputs into accounting valuation models to reflect current and predict future firm performance. These models help predict the intrinsic value, however in recent years may have adversely affected the usefulness of the information. This book is meant to show that intrinsic value metrics estimated using manipulated earnings or forecasts have less ability to track stock prices and predict future returns. The usefulness of earnings and analyst forecasts provide evidence for the joint hypothesis of (i) long-term market efficiency and (ii) the negative impact of earnings management and expectations management i.e. Removing The Management Fluff. First, it challenges the conventional view that more accurate and less biased forecasts are necessarily of better quality and proposes to assess the quality of analyst forecasts. It also introduces an improved measure for expectations management and presents new evidence on (i) the usefulness of earnings and analyst forecasts in firm valuation; (ii) the negative impacts of earnings management and expectations management on this usefulness; and (iii) the overall performance of accounting valuation models in firm valuation. Dr. Pat OLeary, Ph.D. Accounting MBA, CMA, CFM, CNE, B. Commerce Born in Brantford, Ontario, Canada, Pat has always been motivated to succeed and dedicated to getting the best formal financial education possible, as evidenced by his many degrees and certifications. As he rose through the ranks in the corporate world, he gained extensive experience in corporate structuring, mergers, IPOs, international finance, foreign exchange, and manufacturing. His impressive educational background and financial experience have blended to form the analytical and practical approach to investing research that he presents in this book.
| Author | : Ralf Ewert |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 142 |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : |
Earnings Management, Conservatism, and Earnings Quality reviews and illustrates earnings management, conservatism, and their effects on earnings quality in an economic modeling framework. Both earnings management and conservative accounting introduce biases to financial reports. The fundamental issue addressed is what economic effects these biases have on earnings quality or financial reporting quality. Earnings Management, Conservatism, and Earnings Quality reviews analytical models of earnings management and conservatism and shows that both can have beneficial or detrimental economic effects, so a differentiated view is appropriate. Earnings management can provide additional information via the financial reporting communication channel, but it can also be used to misrepresent the firm's position. What the authors find is that similar to earnings management, conservatism can reduce the information content of financial reports if it suppresses relevant information, but it can be a desirable feature that improves economic efficiency. The approach to study earnings management, conservatism, and earnings quality is based on the information economics literature. A variety of analytical models are reviewed that capture the effects and subtle interactions of managers' incentives and rational expectations of users. The benefit of analytical models is to make precise these, often highly complex, strategic effects. They offer a rigorous explanation for the phenomena and show that sometimes conventional wisdom does not apply. The monograph is organized around a few basic model settings, which are presented in simple versions first and then in extensions to elicit the main insights most clearly. Chapter 2 presents the basic rational expectations equilibrium model with earnings management and rational inferences by the capital market. Chapter 3 is devoted to earnings quality and earnings quality metrics used in many studies. Chapter 4 studies conservatism in accounting. Finally, the authors examine the interaction between conservatism and earnings management. Each chapter ends with a section containing a summary of the main findings and conclusions.
| Author | : David T. Larrabee |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 628 |
| Release | : 2012-10-09 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1118417607 |
Analysis and insights from top thought leaders on a pivotal topic in investing and asset management Valuation is the cornerstone for investment analysis, and a thorough understanding and correct application of valuation methodologies are critical for long-term investing success. Edited by two leading valuation experts from CFA Institute, this book brings together the insights and expertise of some of the most astute and successful investment minds of the past 50 years. From Benjamin Graham, the “father of value investing,” to Aswath Damodaran, you’ll learn what these investment luminaries have to say about investment valuation techniques, including earnings and cash flow analysis. Features the best thinking on valuation from the industry’s masters on the topic, supplemented with dozens of fascinating and instructive real-world examples Comprehensively discusses special valuation situations, such as real options, employee stock options, highly leveraged firms, corporate takeovers, and more Supplies you with the tools you need to successfully navigate and thrive in the ever-changing financial markets Is being produced with the full support and input of CFA Institute, the world’s leading association of investment professionals
| Author | : Jennifer Francis |
| Publisher | : Now Publishers Inc |
| Total Pages | : 97 |
| Release | : 2008 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1601981147 |
This review lays out a research perspective on earnings quality. We provide an overview of alternative definitions and measures of earnings quality and a discussion of research design choices encountered in earnings quality research. Throughout, we focus on a capital markets setting, as opposed, for example, to a contracting or stewardship setting. Our reason for this choice stems from the view that the capital market uses of accounting information are fundamental, in the sense of providing a basis for other uses, such as stewardship. Because resource allocations are ex ante decisions while contracting/stewardship assessments are ex post evaluations of outcomes, evidence on whether, how and to what degree earnings quality influences capital market resource allocation decisions is fundamental to understanding why and how accounting matters to investors and others, including those charged with stewardship responsibilities. Demonstrating a link between earnings quality and, for example, the costs of equity and debt capital implies a basic economic role in capital allocation decisions for accounting information; this role has only recently been documented in the accounting literature. We focus on how the precision of financial information in capturing one or more underlying valuation-relevant constructs affects the assessment and use of that information by capital market participants. We emphasize that the choice of constructs to be measured is typically contextual. Our main focus is on the precision of earnings, which we view as a summary indicator of the overall quality of financial reporting. Our intent in discussing research that evaluates the capital market effects of earnings quality is both to stimulate further research in this area and to encourage research on related topics, including, for example, the role of earnings quality in contracting and stewardship.
