Interconnecting Europe
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Author | : European Commission. Directorate-General for Energy and Transport |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 36 |
Release | : 2008 |
Genre | : Energy development |
ISBN | : |
Recoge: Policy - Infrastructure - The energy context - Annex: list of projects of European interest.
Author | : Bo Li |
Publisher | : Cuvillier Verlag |
Total Pages | : 151 |
Release | : 2012-10-15 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 3736942532 |
Abstract The whole supply chain of natural gas, from the gas well through several kinds of elements to final customers, creates an integrated and complex network system. Such complex systems in Europe are owned and operated by different companies. The legal framework of liberalization of the energy markets requires gas network operators to publish flow capacities at their entry and exit stations. In combination with publicly available knowledge about the gas transportation infrastructures, an overall hydraulic simulation of the gas flows over Germany and Europe becomes possible. Considering the logistics and integrity of the natural gas supply system, it is obvious that such models are significant to present the overall gas flow, assess detailed infrastructures and analyze emergency situations based on national or European levels and from a technical point of view. In this thesis, the author depicts the workflow and methodologies of modeling such large scale and complex gas grids, using the German H-gas system as an example. The established model is able to simulate the major gas transmission systems in Germany, with consideration of the storage facilities. The modeling work is described in this thesis from three major aspects: the creation of network topology, the definition of simulation scenarios and the methodologies for capacity calculations. The author further explains in detail the integration of available databases and some simplification and assumption approaches developed for the modeling work. By investigating on German gas consumption sectors and gas demand behaviors over years, various scenarios are defined and simulated. Through the simulations, the technical potentials for both individual entry / exit points and the nationwide grid can be analyzed. The investigation in this thesis also illustrates several case studies to technically evaluate new infrastructures and German “energy transformation” technologies (e.g. synthetic methane from "Power–to–Gas" projects and “Nuclear Moratorium”). Some bottleneck areas in the existing gas transmission system under such newly developed conditions are presented in the model, which could provide good reference information for future pipeline grid extension and facilities enhancement. Kurzfassung Die Transportkette von Erdgas stellt vom Bohrloch bis zu den Endkunden ein integriertes und komplexes Netzwerk aus verschiedenen Systemelementen dar, das in Europa von verschiedenen Unternehmen betrieben wird. Der Rechtsrahmen, der durch die Liberalisierung der Energiemärkte stark geändert wurde, verlangt von diesen Gasnetzbetreibern, die Durchflusskapazitäten an den Ein- und Ausspeisepunkten ihrer Leitungen zu veröffentlichen. Zusammen mit weiteren öffentlich verfügbaren Daten über die Erdgas-Infrastruktur wird eine unternehmensübergreifende hydraulische Simulation des gesamten Netzes möglich. Mit diesem Modell können die gesamten Gasnetzflüsse der integrierten Gastransportkette dargestellt, Bestandteile der Infrastruktur detailliert bewertet und die Auswirkungen von Versorgungsstörungen auf nationaler oder europäischer Ebene aus technischer Sicht bewertet werden. Anhand des deutschen H-Gasnetzes als BeispieI beschreibt der Autor in dieser Arbeit das Vorgehen und die Methoden, um ein großes und komplexes Gasnetz zu modellieren. Das Modell beschreibt das Transportnetz unter Einbeziehung der Erdgas-Speicherstandorte. Das Vorgehen wird in der Arbeit mit drei wesentlichen Aspekten beschrieben: Die Abbildung der Netzwerktopologie, die Definition von Simulationsszenarien der Ein- und Ausspeisung sowie die Methoden der Kapazitätsberechnung. Der Autor beschreibt detailliert die Integration verfügbarer Datenquellen sowie Annahmen und Vereinfachungen, die für die Modellierung notwendig sind. Durch die Untersuchung verschiedener Erdgas-Verbrauchersektoren und der Verbrauchsentwicklung über die Jahre werden verschiedene Szenarien definiert und mit Hilfe des Topologiemodells simuliert. Mit diesen Simulationen können die technischen Potentiale sowohl für individuelle Ein- und Ausspeisepunkte, als auch für das gesamte deutsche H-Gasnetz analysiert werden. Das Modell wird anhand einiger Fallstudien illustriert, um neue Infrastrukturen sowie die Auswirkungen neuer Technologien (z.B. Erzeugung von synthetischem Methan aus Stromspeicherprojekten) und politischer Entscheidungen (z.B. den deutschen Ausstieg aus der Kernenergie) zu bewerten. Einige Engpassbereiche des existierenden Transportnetzes in dieser neuen Situation werden mit Hilfe des Modells identifiziert, um Empfehlungen für den Um- und Ausbau des deutschen Gastransportsystems zu geben.
Author | : Christoph Schmon |
Publisher | : Springer Nature |
Total Pages | : 151 |
Release | : 2020-03-17 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 9462653674 |
This book deals with the interconnection between the Brussels I Recast and Rome I Regulations and addresses the question of uniform interpretation. A consistent understanding of scope and provisions is suggested by the preamble of the Rome I Regulation. Without doubt, it is fair to presume that the same terms bear the same meaning throughout the Regulations. The author takes a closer look at the Regulations’ systems, guiding principles, and their balance of flexibility and legal certainty. He starts from the premise that such analysis should prove particularly rewarding as both legal acts have their specific DNA: The Brussels I Recast Regulation has a procedural focus when it governs the allocation of jurisdiction and the free circulation of judgments. The multilateral rules under the Rome I Regulation, by contrast, are animated by conflict of laws methods and focus on the delimitation of legal systems. This fourth volume in the Short Studies in Private International Law Series is primarily aimed at legal academics in private international law and advanced students. But it should also prove an intriguing read for legal practitioners in international litigation. Christoph Schmon is a legal expert in the fields of Private International Law, Consumer Law, and Digital Rights. After serving in research positions at academic institutes in Vienna and London, he focused on EU policy and law making. He is appointed expert of advisory groups to the EU Commission.
Author | : Zhenya Liu |
Publisher | : Academic Press |
Total Pages | : 396 |
Release | : 2015-08-28 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 0128044063 |
Global energy network is an important platform to guarantee effective exploitation of global clean energy and ensure reliable energy supply for everybody. Global Energy Interconnection analyzes the current situation and challenges of global energy development, provides the strategic thinking, overall objective, basic pattern, construction method and development mode for the development of global energy network. Based on the prediction of global energy and electricity supply and demand in the future, with the development of UHV AC/DC and smart grid technologies, this book offers new solutions to drive the safe, clean, highly efficient and sustainable development of global energy. The concept and development ideas concerning global energy interconnection in this book are based on the author's thinking of strategic issues about China's and the world's energy and electricity development for many years, especially combined with successful practices of China's UHV development. This book is particularly suitable for researchers and graduated students engaged in energy sector, as well as energy economics researchers, economists, consultants, and government energy policy makers in relevant fields. - Based on the author's many years' experience in developing Smart Grid solutions within national and international projects. - Combines both solid background information and cutting-edge technology progress, coupled with a useful and impressive list of references. - The key energy problems which are challenging us nowadays are well stated and explained in this book, which facilitates a better understanding of the development of global energy interconnection with UHV AC/DC and smart grid technologies.
Author | : Anthony Owen |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 113 |
Release | : 2019-03-28 |
Genre | : Social Science |
ISBN | : 0429755252 |
Providing an analysis of multilateral power markets, this book examines power interconnection in Southeast Asia, especially among the ASEAN countries. It uses evolutionary experience of electricity interconnection and trade in three international markets that have relevance for ASEAN to draw upon common global themes. Specifically, it compares the Southern African Power Pool, the European grid, and Nord Pool. Discussing the progress made among ASEAN countries in regional energy integration, with a particular focus on the Greater Mekong Sub-region interconnection, it also examines the recently announced interconnection concept between Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Thailand, Malaysia, and Singapore. Exploring the challenges facing ASEAN interconnection of power grids in the context of previous experience elsewhere in the world, this book presents a template for appropriate best practice in terms of technical, political, and financial requirements. It will therefore be of value to decision makers interested in the political economy of energy in Southeast Asia, as well as academics working on Energy Politics and Southeast Asian Politics.
Author | : Kaisa Huhta |
Publisher | : Kluwer Law International B.V. |
Total Pages | : 323 |
Release | : 2019-07-17 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 9403514531 |
Many states – including European Union (EU) Member States – subsidise energy producers in order to guarantee the uninterrupted availability of affordable electricity. This book presents the first in-depth examination of how these so-called capacity mechanisms are addressed in EU law and how they affect the functioning of the EU energy markets. Focusing on the existing legal framework as well as the new provisions of the Clean Energy for All Europeans package for capacity mechanisms, the author addresses and analyses such aspects as the following: the structure and functioning of the EU electricity markets; EU’s competence to address security of supply and Member States’ margin of discretion; sector-specific rules for security of supply; legal conditions for subsidising generation adequacy; capacity remuneration under the EU State aid regime; free movement rules that address generation adequacy measures; balancing different interests of EU energy law in the context of generation adequacy; and the requirement of proportionality in State intervention to ensure generation adequacy. The analysis draws on relevant sources of EU law (treaties, regulations and directives) as well as the case law of the European Court of Justice and the General Court, together with soft law instruments such as Commission guidelines. Scholarly sources include not only legal literature but also work on energy policy, energy engineering and energy economics. As a detailed analysis of how capacity mechanisms address issues arising in the context of the enegy transition – and how the system of EU law applicable to capacity mechanisms should be interpreted to further the objectives of EU energy law – the book will help policymakers and legislators in Member States to understand the changing legal setting for capacity mechanisms. Lawyers, academics and other professionals who deal with EU electricity markets in the EU and beyond are sure to welcome its detailed description and analysis.
Author | : Eli M. Noam |
Publisher | : MIT Press |
Total Pages | : 346 |
Release | : 2001-08-17 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780262263931 |
This book describes the transformation of telecommunications from national network monopolies to a new system, the "network of networks," and the glue that holds it together, interconnection. By their very nature, monopoly-owned networks provided a small number of standardized, nationwide services. Over the past two decades, however, new forces in the world economy began to unravel this traditional system. The driving force behind the change was the shift toward an information-based economy. Especially for large organizations, the price, control, security, and reliability of telecommunications became variables requiring organized attention. Thus, monopoly began to give way to the "network of networks," the foundation of today's telecommunications and Internet infrastructure. Taking a broad, multidisciplinary perspective Eli Noam discusses the importance and history of interconnection policy, as well as recent policy reforms both within the United States and around the globe. Other important topics he discusses include interconnection prices, the unbundling of interconnection, and the technology of interconnection. He concludes with an examination of social and policy issues, including the free flow of content, universal service and privacy protection, and the future of telecommunications.
Author | : European Commission |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 128 |
Release | : 2001 |
Genre | : Infrastructure (Economics) |
ISBN | : |
Recoge: 1. Shifting the balance between modes of transport - 2. Eliminating bottlenecks - 3. Placing users at the heart of transport policy - 4. Managing the globalization of transport - 5. Time to decide.
Author | : Ulf Häger |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 391 |
Release | : 2014-07-08 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 3642538487 |
The interstate integration of power grids provides multiple advantages concerning operation security, integration of renewable energy as well as energy trading. Due to these facts grid interconnections, such as ENTSO-E in Continental Europe, expand continually since its establishment. Due to the increasing scale and distance of interconnected power systems as well as an increasing number of countries involved with increasing complexity of operation, comprehensive R&D and innovations are urgently required to assure reliable and efficient operation of power systems. In this book new tools and methods are presented for monitoring, control and protection of large scale power systems. These tools and methods consider Smart Grid technologies based on wide area data exchange in combination with modern measurement devices, such as PMUs and advanced network controllers such as FACTS and HVDC systems. Within this topic the impact and reliability of different communication technologies play a key role. The material of this book is based on final results from the international research project ICOEUR “Intelligent Coordination of Operation and Emergency Control of EU and Russian Power Grids”, supported by the European Commission and the Russian Federal Agency of Science and Innovation. This book provides a great value for professional power system engineers as well as for students interested in topics related to large scale power system monitoring, control, protection and operation.
Author | : Susan M. Walcott |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 181 |
Release | : 2013-11-12 |
Genre | : Social Science |
ISBN | : 1135078823 |
Connectivity, as well as conflict, characterizes Eurasia. This edited volume explores dynamic geopolitical and geo-economic links reconfiguring spaces from the eastern edge of Europe through the western edge of Asia, seeking explanation beyond description. The ancient Silk Road tied together space, much as pipelines, railroads, telecommunications infrastructure, and similar cultural and constructed links ease the mobility of people and products in modern Eurasia. This book considers Eurasia along an interlinked corridor, with chapters illustrating the connections as a discussion foundation focusing on the shared interactions of a set of nation states through time and across space, generating more positive considerations of the resurgently important region of Eurasia. China’s interests fall into three chapters: the southeastern border with Vietnam, the southwestern Himalayan edge, and the western Muslim regions. Russia’s recovery relates events to a larger landmass context and focuses on the importance of historic mobility. A geo-history of the Caspian considers this petroleum-rich area as a zone of cultural and economic interconnection. The final focus on Central Asia treats the traditional heart of “Eurasia”. The concluding chapter pulls together strands linking subregions for a new concept of “Eurasia” as an area linked by vital interests and overlapping histories.