Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation

Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies
Total Pages: 436
Release: 1990-02-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309039959

This book reevaluates the health risks of ionizing radiation in light of data that have become available since the 1980 report on this subject was published. The data include new, much more reliable dose estimates for the A-bomb survivors, the results of an additional 14 years of follow-up of the survivors for cancer mortality, recent results of follow-up studies of persons irradiated for medical purposes, and results of relevant experiments with laboratory animals and cultured cells. It analyzes the data in terms of risk estimates for specific organs in relation to dose and time after exposure, and compares radiation effects between Japanese and Western populations.

Science and Decisions

Science and Decisions
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 422
Release: 2009-03-24
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0309120462

Risk assessment has become a dominant public policy tool for making choices, based on limited resources, to protect public health and the environment. It has been instrumental to the mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as other federal agencies in evaluating public health concerns, informing regulatory and technological decisions, prioritizing research needs and funding, and in developing approaches for cost-benefit analysis. However, risk assessment is at a crossroads. Despite advances in the field, risk assessment faces a number of significant challenges including lengthy delays in making complex decisions; lack of data leading to significant uncertainty in risk assessments; and many chemicals in the marketplace that have not been evaluated and emerging agents requiring assessment. Science and Decisions makes practical scientific and technical recommendations to address these challenges. This book is a complement to the widely used 1983 National Academies book, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government (also known as the Red Book). The earlier book established a framework for the concepts and conduct of risk assessment that has been adopted by numerous expert committees, regulatory agencies, and public health institutions. The new book embeds these concepts within a broader framework for risk-based decision-making. Together, these are essential references for those working in the regulatory and public health fields.

Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation

Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation
Author: Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 422
Release: 2006-03-23
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309133343

This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called “late” effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.

Medical Response to Effects of Ionizing Radiation

Medical Response to Effects of Ionizing Radiation
Author: W.A. Crosbie
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 320
Release: 2003-09-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0203215877

Proceedings of a Conference on Medical Response to Effects of Ionizing Radiation held at Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre, London, UK, 28-30 June 1989.

Introduction To Radiobiology

Introduction To Radiobiology
Author: Maurice Tubiana
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 269
Release: 2005-10-10
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0203983661

This textbook covers many aspects of radiation, radiotherapy and their effects. It includes a discussion of recent advances, such as the molecular basis of cellular effects and cell radiosensitivity, radiocarcinogenesis and how radiotherapy can affect normal and neoplastic tissues.

Epidemiology and Quantitation of Environmental Risk in Humans from Radiation and Other Agents

Epidemiology and Quantitation of Environmental Risk in Humans from Radiation and Other Agents
Author: A. Castellani
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 575
Release: 2013-04-17
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1461594456

The identification and quantitation of environmental risk in humans is one of the main problems to be solved in order to improve the protection of individuals and of human populations against phys ical and chemical pollutants. Epidemiology plays a central role in the evaluation of health risk directly in human populations. In this volume are collected 33 lectures presented at the AS! course on "Epidemiology and quanti tat ion of environmental risk in humans from radiation and other agents: potential and limitations", sponsored by NATO and Italian Association of Radiobiology and or ganized by ENEA. The course has been devoted to a number of aspects of environ mental risk analysis and evaluation based on epidemiological in vestigation. Basic epidemiological concepts and methods have been reviewed. Fundamentals of dosimetry and microdosimetry were presented in re lation to the contribution of epidemiology in defining the dose effect relationships for radiation carcinogenesis and its relation with age, sex and ethnicity. The mechanisms of carcinogenesis as a multi-stage process were illustrated. One of the main topics was 'cancer epidemiology' and its cor relation with: - occupational and non-occupational exposure to ra diation - diagnostic and therapeutic irradiation - cancer proneness - hereditary and familiar diseases - abnormal response to carcino gens - environmental pollution in air and water - exposure to radon in mines and in building material - atomic bomb explosion - chemo therapy - dioxin and related compounds.

Introduction to Radiobiology

Introduction to Radiobiology
Author: J. Dutreix
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 618
Release: 1990-09-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9780850667455

This textbook covers all aspects of radiation, radiotherapy and their effects. The book, initially published in France, has been updated and expanded in this English version. It includes a thorough discussion of recent advances, such as a better understanding of the molecular basis of cellular effects and cell radiosensitivity.There is a study of the mechanmism by which dose and overall duration of radiotherapy can introoduce differential effects between normal and neoplastic tissues and recent data on radiocarcinogenesis in man and experimental animals is provided.

Advances in Radiation Biology

Advances in Radiation Biology
Author: John T. Lett
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 425
Release: 2013-10-22
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1483281868

Advances in Radiation Biology, Volume 12, provides an overview of the state of knowledge in the field of radiation biology. Environmental matters are continuing to produce surprises and remain sources of concern. The safe disposal of radioactive waste still is a major problem facing the nuclear power industry. A possible solution is discussed here. New information about the survivors from radiation exposure at Hiroshima and Nagasaki has emphasized the consequences of brain damage in the developing embryo, the importance of late radiation carcinogenesis, and the roles played by age and sex in human radiation responses. It also is prompting an increasing number of scientists involved in radiation protection to question the use of small animal models to quantify late radiation effects in humans. Contributions to this volume deal with experimental and other aspects of those problems. Finally, increasing confirmation of the dose rate response for densely ionizing radiations has highlighted the hazard they pose to humans in the terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments. Therefore, the intention of agencies in the United States and elsewhere to generate better funded and more scientifically perspicacious programs of space radiation biology is welcome. Possible interests of the military in that regard are also considered.