In Vitro Percutaneous Absorption
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| Author | : Robert L. Bronaugh |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 992 |
| Release | : 1999-05-28 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9781420000948 |
Since publication of the Second Edition in 1989, numerous innovations have occurred that affect the way scientists look at issues in the field of percutaneous absorption. Focusing on recent advances as well as updating and expanding the scope of topics covered in the previous edition, Percutaneous Absorption, Third Edition provides thorough coverage of the skin's role as an important portal of entry for chemicals into the body. Assembles the work of nearly 80 experts-30 more than the Second Edition-into a unified, comprehensive volume that contains the latest ideas and research! Complete with nearly 600 drawings, photographs, equations, and tables and more than 1600 bibliographic citations of pertinent literature, Percutaneous Absorption, Third Edition details the applied biology of percutaneous penetration factors that affect skin permeation, such as age, vehicles, metabolism, hydration of skin, and chemical structure in vivo and in vitro techniques for measuring absorption, examining factors influencing methodology such as animal models, volatility of test compound, multiple dosage, and artificial membranes procedures for use in transdermal delivery, exploring topics such as effects of penetration enhancers on absorption, optimizing absorption, and the topical delivery of drugs to muscle tissue And presents new chapters on mathematical models cutaneous metabolism prediction of percutaneous absorption in vitro absorption methodology dermal decontamination concentration of chemicals in skin transdermal drug delivery mechanisms of absorption safety evaluation of cosmetics absorption of drugs and cosmetic ingredients nail penetration Emphasizes human applications-particularly useful for pharmacists, pharmacologists, dermatologists, cosmetic scientists, biochemists, toxicologists, public health officials, manufacturers of cosmetic and toiletry products, and graduate students in these disciplines! An invaluable reference source for readers who need to keep up with the latest developments in the field, Percutaneous Absorption, Third Edition is also an excellent experimental guide for laboratory personnel.
| Author | : OECD |
| Publisher | : OECD Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 8 |
| Release | : 2004-11-23 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9264071083 |
This Test method has been designed to provide information on absorption of a test substance, (ideally radiolabelled), applied to the surface of a skin sample separating the two chambers (a donor chamber and a receptor chamber) of a diffusion cell ...
| Author | : Vinod P. Shah |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 393 |
| Release | : 2015-01-30 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1493912895 |
This authoritative volume explores advances in the techniques used to measure percutaneous penetration of drugs and chemicals to assess bioavailability and bioequivalence and discusses how they have been used in clinical and scientific investigations. Seven comprehensive sections examine topics including in vitro drug release, topical drugs products, clinical studies, and guidelines and workshop reports, among others. The book also describes how targeted transdermal drug delivery and more sophisticated mathematical modelling can aid in understanding the bioavailability of transdermal drugs. The first edition of this book was an important reference guide for researchers working to define the effectiveness and safety of drugs and chemicals that penetrated the skin. This second edition contains cutting-edge advances in the field and is a key resource to those seeking to define the bioavailability and bioequivalence of percutaneously active compounds to improve scientific and clinical investigation and regulation.
| Author | : Michael S. Roberts |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 704 |
| Release | : 2007-12-14 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0849375924 |
The source Dermal Absorption and Toxicity Assessment supplies a state-of-the-art overview of the dermal absorption process, and is divided into six well organized sections. Written by internationally recognized experts in the field, this Second Edition is a complete revised and updated text, covering the wide range of methods used to assess skin ab
| Author | : Francis N. Marzulli |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 420 |
| Release | : 2019-05-07 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9781439805879 |
This work presents and evaluates methods employed to identify the potential of certain types of chemicals to adversely affect the skin. A variety of test methods are included such as tests for skin penetration, metabolism, irritation, the skin immune system, photo effects, skin cancer, and topical effects of retinoids and depigmenting chemicals. Tests for chemicals that affect the reproductive and nervous system are also included. Both animal and human tests that have been standardised and tests that are under development and employ animal alternatives are addressed in this book. Besides different testing methods, a rationale for accepting non-animal models and a review of some regulatory agency discussions about animal alternative tests are included.
| Author | : OECD |
| Publisher | : OECD Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 8 |
| Release | : 2004-11-23 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9264071067 |
The in vivo percutaneous absorption study set out in this Test Guideline provides the linkage necessary to extrapolate from oral studies when making safety assessments following dermal exposure. The in vivo method, described in this guideline ...
| Author | : Peter J. Frosch |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 222 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3642803407 |
Aromas are an integral part of our civilised society. They are not only used in fine perfumes, but also in numerous other articles with which we have daily contact. Another new development has been the agricultural use of aromas as a "biological weapon" to combat insects and other pests. In the field of dermatology, aromas are today among the most frequent sensitizers and may trigger allergic contact eczemas. This volume presents numerous aspects of the topic for the first time in comprehensive form. In an introduction, the chemistry of frequently used aroma components is described, together with the art of perfume composition that has been refined over the centuries. In a chapter on neuropharmacology, the mechanisms of scent recognition are described in detail.
| Author | : Zacarías León González |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2016-08-27 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9783319346977 |
Zacarías León's thesis describes the development and validation of analytical methods to estimate the processes set in motion by percutaneous absorption of UV filters in sunscreen cosmetic products. León describes these methods in both in vitro and non-invasive in vivo methodologies. Currently dermatologists recommend the use of sunscreen products not only under conditions of extreme exposure to the sun but also in daily situations. However the chemical compounds in these products contain may lead to undesired processes and cause induced toxicity, estrogenic effects and endocrine activity. León establishes methods to investigate these effects and provides valuable information on the undesired side effects associated with the use of UV filters found in sunscreen products. The work in this thesis has led to a number of publications in renowned analytical chemistry journals.
| Author | : Carsten Ehrhardt |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 711 |
| Release | : 2007-12-22 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0387749012 |
This is a well thought-out, highly practical text covering contemporary ‘in vitro’ techniques for drug absorption studies. Starting at the molecular level of investigation, it continues with cell monolayer models (both primary and cell lines) and culminates with in situ techniques as a final testing format. In addition, chapters on high-throughput assays, in vitro-in vivo correlation, bioinformatics and regulatory issues are covered, giving a comprehensive overview of available models and techniques. Moreover, an appendix consisting of a number of practical protocols is available online, updated as needed, and should prove very helpful to apply the techniques directly to the benchside.
| Author | : Eric Wane Smith |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 448 |
| Release | : 2005-11-02 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1420039202 |
Thoroughly updated, this second edition is the most comprehensive reference on the methods available for the enhancement of percutaneous penetration. The book examines a broad scope of chemical enhancers and various physical methods of enhancement. The range of chemicals discussed is, arguably, unsurpassed anywhere in the literature. This edition contains comprehensive descriptions of the latest techniques and several chapters cover the modern analytical techniques adapted to assess and measure penetration enhancement. New to this volume are chapters addressing penetration retardation, important for substances such as sunscreen agents, for which skin penetration is not desirable.
