Global Flood Hazard

Global Flood Hazard
Author: Guy J-P. Schumann
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 266
Release: 2018-07-18
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1119217865

Global Flood Hazard Subject Category Winner, PROSE Awards 2019, Earth Science Selected from more than 500 entries, demonstrating exceptional scholarship and making a significant contribution to the field of study. Flooding is a costly natural disaster in terms of damage to land, property and infrastructure. This volume describes the latest tools and technologies for modeling, mapping, and predicting large-scale flood risk. It also presents readers with a range of remote sensing data sets successfully used for predicting and mapping floods at different scales. These resources can enable policymakers, public planners, and developers to plan for, and respond to, flooding with greater accuracy and effectiveness. Describes the latest large-scale modeling approaches, including hydrological models, 2-D flood inundation models, and global flood forecasting models Showcases new tools and technologies such as Aqueduct, a new web-based tool used for global assessment and projection of future flood risk under climate change scenarios Features case studies describing best-practice uses of modeling techniques, tools, and technologies Global Flood Hazard is an indispensable resource for researchers, consultants, practitioners, and policy makers dealing with flood risk, flood disaster response, flood management, and flood mitigation.

Mapping the Zone

Mapping the Zone
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 137
Release: 2009-05-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309185467

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps portray the height and extent to which flooding is expected to occur, and they form the basis for setting flood insurance premiums and regulating development in the floodplain. As such, they are an important tool for individuals, businesses, communities, and government agencies to understand and deal with flood hazard and flood risk. Improving map accuracy is therefore not an academic question-better maps help everyone. Making and maintaining an accurate flood map is neither simple nor inexpensive. Even after an investment of more than $1 billion to take flood maps into the digital world, only 21 percent of the population has maps that meet or exceed national flood hazard data quality thresholds. Even when floodplains are mapped with high accuracy, land development and natural changes to the landscape or hydrologic systems create the need for continuous map maintenance and updates. Mapping the Zone examines the factors that affect flood map accuracy, assesses the benefits and costs of more accurate flood maps, and recommends ways to improve flood mapping, communication, and management of flood-related data.

Flood Forecasting Using Machine Learning Methods

Flood Forecasting Using Machine Learning Methods
Author: Fi-John Chang
Publisher: MDPI
Total Pages: 376
Release: 2019-02-28
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3038975486

Nowadays, the degree and scale of flood hazards has been massively increasing as a result of the changing climate, and large-scale floods jeopardize lives and properties, causing great economic losses, in the inundation-prone areas of the world. Early flood warning systems are promising countermeasures against flood hazards and losses. A collaborative assessment according to multiple disciplines, comprising hydrology, remote sensing, and meteorology, of the magnitude and impacts of flood hazards on inundation areas significantly contributes to model the integrity and precision of flood forecasting. Methodologically oriented countermeasures against flood hazards may involve the forecasting of reservoir inflows, river flows, tropical cyclone tracks, and flooding at different lead times and/or scales. Analyses of impacts, risks, uncertainty, resilience, and scenarios coupled with policy-oriented suggestions will give information for flood hazard mitigation. Emerging advances in computing technologies coupled with big-data mining have boosted data-driven applications, among which Machine Learning technology, with its flexibility and scalability in pattern extraction, has modernized not only scientific thinking but also predictive applications. This book explores recent Machine Learning advances on flood forecast and management in a timely manner and presents interdisciplinary approaches to modelling the complexity of flood hazards-related issues, with contributions to integrative solutions from a local, regional or global perspective.

Global Drought and Flood

Global Drought and Flood
Author: Huan Wu
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 36
Release: 2021-09-08
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1119427304

Recent advances in the modeling and remote sensing of droughts and floods Droughts and floods are causing increasing damage worldwide, often with devastating short- and long-term impacts on human society. Forecasting when they will occur, monitoring them as they develop, and learning from the past to improve disaster management is vital. Global Drought and Flood: Observation, Modeling, and Prediction presents recent advances in the modeling and remote sensing of droughts and floods. It also describes the techniques and products currently available and how they are being used in practice. Volume highlights include: Remote sensing approaches for mapping droughts and floods Physical and statistical models for monitoring and forecasting hydrologic hazards Features of various drought and flood systems and products Use by governments, humanitarian, and development stakeholders in recent disaster cases Improving the collaboration between hazard information provision and end users The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.

Flood Risk Science and Management

Flood Risk Science and Management
Author: Gareth Pender
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 744
Release: 2010-12-01
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 144434076X

Approaches to avoid loss of life and limit disruption and damage from flooding have changed significantly in recent years. Worldwide, there has been a move from a strategy of flood defence to one of flood risk management. Flood risk management includes flood prevention using hard defences, where appropriate, but also requires that society learns to live with floods and that stakeholders living in flood prone areas develop coping strategies to increase their resilience to flood impacts when these occur. This change in approach represents a paradigm shift which stems from the realisation that continuing to strengthen and extend conventional flood defences is unsustainable economically, environmentally, and in terms of social equity. Flood risk management recognises that a sustainable approach must rest on integrated measures that reduce not only the probability of flooding, but also the consequences. This is essential as increases in the probability of inundation are inevitable in many areas of the world due to climate change, while socio-economic development will lead to spiralling increases in the consequences of flooding unless land use in floodplains is carefully planned. Flood Risk Science and Management provides an extensive and comprehensive synthesis of current research in flood management; providing a multi-disciplinary reference text covering a wide range of flood management topics. Its targeted readership is the international research community (from research students through to senior staff) and flood management professionals, such as engineers, planners, government officials and those with flood management responsibility in the public sector. By using the concept of case study chapters, international coverage is given to the topic, ensuring a world-wide relevance.

Dynamic Flood Mapping Using Hydrological Modeling and Machine Learning

Dynamic Flood Mapping Using Hydrological Modeling and Machine Learning
Author: Morteza Esfandiari
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2021
Genre:
ISBN:

Flooding is one of the most devastating natural hazards around the globe. Having access to abundant sources of data such as Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and satellite images in Geographic Information System (GIS), it is possible to estimate the geospatial extent of floods. Currently, Machine Learning plays an essential role in GIS applications and flood mapping. In this study, the aim was to provide a precise flood model by improving a hydrological model called Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND) using one of the most robust machine learning algorithms, Random Forest (R.F.). In this study, first, the essential conditioning factors contributing to flooding were identified using optical satellite images as a reference. Then, using the most efficient conditioning factors, an R.F. classifier was trained to predict flooded areas with training data selected using the HAND model. However, since the HAND model has uncertainties in flood mapping, the Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) paradigm is used along with the essential conditioning factors to remove outliers. Since the proposed method uses the HAND model predictions as pseudo training points, it is called flood mapping using Pseudo Supervised Random Forest (PS-RF). The accuracy of PS-RF for flood extent prediction was tested in 5 different flood events in Fredericton, NB, and one event in Ottawa, ON, confirming that PS-RF improves the flood mapping results of the HAND model without requiring any ground truth training data.

Floods in a Megacity

Floods in a Megacity
Author: Ashraf Dewan
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 199
Release: 2013-03-15
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 9789400758742

Flooding is one of the most devastating natural hazards in the world. Available records suggest that both flood frequency and severity are on the rise and this is likely to worsen in the context of climate change. As population, infrastructure and poverty grow rapidly in developing countries, particularly in urban agglomerations of 10 million people or more, floods could cause widespread devastation, economic damage and loss of life. Assessment of vulnerability and risk from naturally occurring phenomena is therefore imperative in order to achieve urban sustainability. This book uses geospatial techniques to evaluate hazards, risk and vulnerability at a metropolitan scale in a data-scarce country. An empirical study was performed using remote sensing, GIS and census data. This research offers a new approach to mapping population, infrastructures and communities at risk which can greatly contribute to the deeper understanding of flood disasters in a rapidly expanding megacity. Examples shown in this book are from Dhaka Megacity, however, the techniques and methods can easily be implemented in medium to large cities of similar characteristics. The book is essential reading for hazard researchers, geospatial scientists, disaster management professionals, geographers, urban planners, and social scientists. Ashraf M. Dewan is currently a Lecturer in the Department of Spatial Sciences at Curtin University, Western Australia (on leave from his substantive position as Associate Professor in the Geography & Environment Department at the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh).

Global Flood Hazard: Mapping, Forecasting and Risk Assessment

Global Flood Hazard: Mapping, Forecasting and Risk Assessment
Author: Flynn Hayes
Publisher:
Total Pages: 241
Release: 2021-12-07
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 9781647401306

An overflow of water that primarily submerges the dry land is known as flood. Floods are of primary concern in the field of agriculture, civil engineering and public health. It can occur due to upslope factors, downslope factors and sometimes by coincidence. Flooding is the result of an overflow of water from water bodies, due to the gathering of rainwater, or when the river flow rate exceeds the capacity of the river channel. Floods often cause damage to homes and businesses. Loss of life, damage to buildings, bridges, roadways, and canals are some primary effects of the flood. The secondary effects can result in economic hardship due to a temporary decline in tourism, rebuilding costs, food shortages, etc. Flood forecasting is an important element of flood warning. It uses forecasted precipitation and streamflow data to forecast flow rates and water levels. Planting vegetation to retain extra water, construction of floodways, dams, diversion canals, flood plains, coastal defenses, temporary perimeter barriers are few examples of flood control methods that are used to reduce or prevent the damaging effects of flood waters. This book contains some path-breaking studies on floods. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book.