Hydrogen-bonded Capsules: Molecular Behavior In Small Spaces

Hydrogen-bonded Capsules: Molecular Behavior In Small Spaces
Author: Julius Rebek, Jr
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 228
Release: 2015-09-23
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9814678376

This monograph describes the behavior of molecules confined to small spaces. The small spaces are created by the self-assembly of modules into hollow capsular structures through hydrogen bonding; capsules assembled by metal/ligand binding or other forces are not included. Topics discussed include how assembly of capsules occurs, how molecules get in and out of the capsules, new spatial arrangements (stereochemistry) created in the capsules, and the altered shapes, interactions and reactivities of molecules held inside the small spaces. The descriptions emphasize molecular recognition phenomena and the perspective is that of physical organic chemistry.The book is the first monograph to treat reversible molecular encapsulation. More than 20 university and institute groups worldwide engage in this research, which represents the leading edge of activity in molecular recognition and the physical organic chemistry of confined molecules.

Polymer Functionalization of Metal-ligand and Hydrogen-bonded Capsules

Polymer Functionalization of Metal-ligand and Hydrogen-bonded Capsules
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 88
Release: 2016
Genre: Electronic books
ISBN:

Supramolecular chemistry studies the phenomenon of self-assembly and emergent properties of monomers into larger structures and complexes, such as capsules. These supramolecular capsules are held together by non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding and metal-ligand coordination, which are produced by the distinct moieties and functional groups of each individual molecular unit within the structure analogous to how the interactions of the various amino acid side chains govern the folding of a protein. One of the emergent and distinct properties of supramolecular complexes is the ability to encapsulate guest molecules. Furthermore, these capsules can form a kinetically-stable host-guest complex. The purpose of our research is to functionalize such kinetically-stable supramolecular structures with polymers for future applications in materials science. According to our hypothesis, polymer-appended metal-ligand and hydrogen-bonded capsules, such as the M 4L6 tetrahedron and the pyrogallol[4]arene hexamer, respectively, will be mechanically responsive and offer new properties in materials science. The first step in reaching that goal is to synthesize a polymer-appended M 4L6 tetrahedron and pyrogallol[4]arene hexamer and in doing so, we are currently developing novel synthetic routes to functionalize the capsules. The strategy we have taken for the polymer-appended M4L 6 synthesis involves a series of amide coupling reactions to make a ligand with a terminal alkyne in order to perform a copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction (also known as "click chemistry") with a polyethylene glycol azide polymer. Click chemistry and cross metathesis reactions are being explored to append an alkyne-functionalized polymer to an azide-monofunctionalized pyrogallol[4]arene hexamer. Further optimizations need to be made in the future to finalize the synthesis of the polymer-appended metal-ligand and hydrogen-bonded capsules.

Hydrogen-bonded Interpolymer Complexes: Formation, Structure And Applications

Hydrogen-bonded Interpolymer Complexes: Formation, Structure And Applications
Author: Vitaliy V Khutoryanskiy
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 377
Release: 2009-03-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9814475041

Noncovalent interactions play key roles in many natural processes leading to the self-assembly of molecules with the formation of supramolecular structures. One of the most important forces responsible for self-assembly is hydrogen bonding, which also plays an important role in the self-assembly of synthetic polymers in aqueous solutions. Proton-accepting polymers can associate with proton-donating polymers via hydrogen bonding in aqueous solutions and form polymer-polymer or interpolymer complexes.There has been an increased interest among researchers in hydrogen-bonded interpolymer complexes since the first pioneering papers were published in the early 1960s. Several hundred research papers have been published on various aspects of complex formation reactions in solutions and interfaces, properties of interpolymer complexes and their potential applications. This book focuses on the latest developments in the area of interpolymer complexation via hydrogen bonding. It represents a collection of original and review articles written by recognized experts from Germany, Greece, Kazakhstan, Poland, Romania, Russia, UK, Ukraine, and the USA. It highlights many important applications of interpolymer complexes, including the stabilization of colloidal systems, pharmaceuticals, and nanomaterials.

Hydrogen-bonded Interpolymer Complexes

Hydrogen-bonded Interpolymer Complexes
Author: Vitaliy V. Khutoryanskiy
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 377
Release: 2009
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9812709770

There has been an increased interest among researchers in hydrogen-bonded interpolymer complexes since the first pioneering papers were published in the early 1960s. Several hundred research papers have been published on various aspects of complex formation reactions in solutions and interfaces, properties of interpolymer complexes and their potential applications. This book focuses on the latest developments in the area of interpolymer complexation via hydrogen bonding. It represents a collection of original and review articles written by recognized experts from Germany, Greece, Kazakhstan, Poland, Romania, Russia, UK, Ukraine, and the USA. It highlights many important applications of interpolymer complexes, including the stabilization of colloidal systems, pharmaceuticals, and nanomaterials.

Guest Binding in Hydrogen-bonded Capsular Hosts

Guest Binding in Hydrogen-bonded Capsular Hosts
Author: Liam C. Palmer
Publisher:
Total Pages: 372
Release: 2005
Genre: Calixarenes
ISBN: 9780542018855

Reversible hydrogen-bonded capsules self-assemble in organic solutions as hosts for molecular recognition. Guests for these capsules typically exchange by opening of one or more "flaps" on the host. The exchange process is slow on the NMR timescale and EXSY is used to measure rate constants. Resorcinarenes and pyrogallolarenes are shown to form large hexameric capsules in different solvents. The cavities of these structures can be filled with solvent or a wide array of additional guests. Cations make excellent guests for the resorcinarene hexamer, but do not enter the pyrogallolarene hexamer. The pyrogallolarene additionally assembles the hexameric capsule in non-polar organic solvents, including normal, branched, and cyclic hydrocarbons. A cylindrical, dimeric capsule forms to give a long narrow cavity that orients the guests inside. Coencapsulation of chiral acids leads to selection of diastereomeric pairs by NMR. Monte Carlo calculations help explain some of the observed selectivities.

Hydrogen Bonded Supramolecular Structures

Hydrogen Bonded Supramolecular Structures
Author: Zhan-Ting Li
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 357
Release: 2015-01-12
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3662457563

This book covers the advances in the studies of hydrogen-bonding-driven supramolecular systems made over the past decade. It is divided into four parts, with the first introducing the basics of hydrogen bonding and important hydrogen bonding patterns in solution as well as in the solid state. The second part covers molecular recognition and supramolecular structures driven by hydrogen bonding. The third part introduces the formation of hollow and giant macrocycles directed by hydrogen bonding, while the last part summarizes hydrogen bonded supramolecular polymers. This book is designed to bring together in a single volume the many important aspects of hydrogen bonding supramolecular chemistry and will be a valuable resource for graduates and researchers working in supramolecular and related sciences. Zhan-Ting Li, PhD, is a Professor of Organic Chemistry at the Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, China. Li-Zhu Wu, PhD, is a Professor of Organic Chemistry at the Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.