Health Care Associated Transmission Of Hepatitis B And C Viruses An Issue Of Clinics In Liver Disease
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| Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 187 |
| Release | : 2016-06-01 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0309438020 |
Hepatitis B and C cause most cases of hepatitis in the United States and the world. The two diseases account for about a million deaths a year and 78 percent of world's hepatocellular carcinoma and more than half of all fatal cirrhosis. In 2013 viral hepatitis, of which hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the most common types, surpassed HIV and AIDS to become the seventh leading cause of death worldwide. The world now has the tools to prevent hepatitis B and cure hepatitis C. Perfect vaccination could eradicate HBV, but it would take two generations at least. In the meantime, there is no cure for the millions of people already infected. Conversely, there is no vaccine for HCV, but new direct-acting antivirals can cure 95 percent of chronic infections, though these drugs are unlikely to reach all chronically-infected people anytime soon. This report, the first of two, examines the feasibility of hepatitis B and C elimination in the United States and identifies critical success factors. The phase two report will outline a strategy for meeting the elimination goals discussed in this report.
| Author | : Institute of Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 252 |
| Release | : 2010-04-23 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0309153689 |
The global epidemic of hepatitis B and C is a serious public health problem. Hepatitis B and C are the major causes of chronic liver disease and liver cancer in the world. In the next 10 years, 150,000 people in the United States will die from liver disease or liver cancer associated with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. Today, between 800,000 and 1.4 million people in the United States have chronic hepatitis B and between 2.7 and 3.9 million have chronic hepatitis C. People most at risk for hepatitis B and C often are the least likely to have access to medical services. Reducing the rates of illness and death associated with these diseases will require greater awareness and knowledge among health care workers, improved identification of at-risk people, and improved access to medical care. Hepatitis B is a vaccine-preventable disease. Although federal public health officials recommend that all newborns, children, and at-risk adults receive the vaccine, about 46,000 new acute cases of the HBV infection emerge each year, including 1,000 in infants who acquire the infection during birth from their HBV-positive mothers. Unfortunately, there is no vaccine for hepatitis C, which is transmitted by direct exposure to infectious blood. Hepatitis and Liver Cancer identifies missed opportunities related to the prevention and control of HBV and HCV infections. The book presents ways to reduce the numbers of new HBV and HCV infections and the morbidity and mortality related to chronic viral hepatitis. It identifies priorities for research, policy, and action geared toward federal, state, and local public health officials, stakeholder, and advocacy groups and professional organizations.
| Author | : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 705 |
| Release | : 2017-04-17 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0190628634 |
THE ESSENTIAL WORK IN TRAVEL MEDICINE -- NOW COMPLETELY UPDATED FOR 2018 As unprecedented numbers of travelers cross international borders each day, the need for up-to-date, practical information about the health challenges posed by travel has never been greater. For both international travelers and the health professionals who care for them, the CDC Yellow Book 2018: Health Information for International Travel is the definitive guide to staying safe and healthy anywhere in the world. The fully revised and updated 2018 edition codifies the U.S. government's most current health guidelines and information for international travelers, including pretravel vaccine recommendations, destination-specific health advice, and easy-to-reference maps, tables, and charts. The 2018 Yellow Book also addresses the needs of specific types of travelers, with dedicated sections on: · Precautions for pregnant travelers, immunocompromised travelers, and travelers with disabilities · Special considerations for newly arrived adoptees, immigrants, and refugees · Practical tips for last-minute or resource-limited travelers · Advice for air crews, humanitarian workers, missionaries, and others who provide care and support overseas Authored by a team of the world's most esteemed travel medicine experts, the Yellow Book is an essential resource for travelers -- and the clinicians overseeing their care -- at home and abroad.
| Author | : World Health Organization |
| Publisher | : World Health Organization |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9789241549981 |
Testing and diagnosis of hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) infection is the gateway for access to both prevention and treatment services, and is a crucial component of an effective response to the hepatitis epidemic. Early identification of persons with chronic HBV or HCV infection enables them to receive the necessary care and treatment to prevent or delay progression of liver disease. Testing also provides an opportunity to link people to interventions to reduce transmission, through counselling on risk behaviors and provision of prevention commodities (such as sterile needles and syringes) and hepatitis B vaccination. These are the first WHO guidelines on testing for chronic HBV and HCV infection and complement published guidance by WHO on the prevention, care and treatment of chronic hepatitis C and hepatitis B infection. These guidelines outline the public health approach to strengthening and expanding current testing practices for HBV and HCV, and are intended for use across age groups and populations.
| Author | : Bandar Al Knawy |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Health Sciences |
| Total Pages | : 193 |
| Release | : 2010-02-25 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1455700401 |
This issue offers the latest information regarding the transmission of hepatitis viruses in various healthcare settings. It delves with a very timely and interesting patient safety subject that specifically targets healthcare professionals, gastroenterologists, hepatologists, oncologists, dentists and all healthcare workers to adopt and share a variety of best practices to prevent this adverse event. Well known faculty in liver disease, infection control as well as a medical practice in a legal setting have been assembled to produce a comprehensive and concise edition that highlights the latest information regarding hepatitis B and C transmission in healthcare. It aims to provide an overview on the molecular epidemiology, the outbreak reports, the transmission in hemodialysis, endoscopy, dental, oncology, management, legal aspects and the infection prevention measures to reduce the risk of needless exposure of patients to these blood borne pathogens.
| Author | : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 721 |
| Release | : 2019 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0190065974 |
The definitive reference for travel medicine, updated for 2020 "A beloved travel must-have for the intrepid wanderer." -Publishers Weekly "A truly excellent and comprehensive resource." -Journal of Hospital Infection The CDC Yellow Book offers everything travelers and healthcare providers need to know for safe and healthy travel abroad. This 2020 edition includes: � Country-specific risk guidelines for yellow fever and malaria, including expert recommendations and 26 detailed, country-level maps � Detailed maps showing distribution of travel-related illnesses, including dengue, Japanese encephalitis, meningococcal meningitis, and schistosomiasis � Guidelines for self-treating common travel conditions, including altitude illness, jet lag, motion sickness, and travelers' diarrhea � Expert guidance on food and drink precautions to avoid illness, plus water-disinfection techniques for travel to remote destinations � Specialized guidelines for non-leisure travelers, study abroad, work-related travel, and travel to mass gatherings � Advice on medical tourism, complementary and integrative health approaches, and counterfeit drugs � Updated guidance for pre-travel consultations � Advice for obtaining healthcare abroad, including guidance on different types of travel insurance � Health insights around 15 popular tourist destinations and itineraries � Recommendations for traveling with infants and children � Advising travelers with specific needs, including those with chronic medical conditions or weakened immune systems, health care workers, humanitarian aid workers, long-term travelers and expatriates, and last-minute travelers � Considerations for newly arrived adoptees, immigrants, and refugees Long the most trusted book of its kind, the CDC Yellow Book is an essential resource in an ever-changing field -- and an ever-changing world.
| Author | : World Health Organization |
| Publisher | : World Health Organization |
| Total Pages | : 32 |
| Release | : 2021-07-15 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 924003112X |
WHO has set a global goal to eliminate HCV as a public health problem by 2030. WHO estimates that 58 million people had chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection globally in 2019, and less than a quarter of them were diagnosed. New and innovative approaches are needed to accelerate progress toward the HCV elimination targets. Self-testing is one such approach. These guidelines provide a new recommendation and guidance on HCV self-testing to complement existing HCV testing services in countries. These guidelines also highlight operational considerations to support strategic implementation and scale up of HCV self-testing.
| Author | : Ramon Z Shaban |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Health Sciences |
| Total Pages | : 979 |
| Release | : 2023-04 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0729588351 |
Infection prevention and control (IPC) is everybody's responsibility. Healthcare-associated Infections in Australia is the first Australian text to address the challenges posed by infectious diseases and healthcareassociated infections (HAIs) for all members of the multidisciplinary healthcare team. Drawing on the expertise of a wide author team, and based on current research, this important and comprehensive text provides a clear pathway for the reader to increase their knowledge and understanding of IPC. The text is designed for both students and practising clinicians, and is presented in two sections - Principles and Practice - for ease of use. With IPC principles and guidelines now embedded into all health-related curricula, and mandated by standards and guidelines across all areas of healthcare, this is a book no health professional should miss. - Includes practice tips, case studies and video-based learning materials providing real-life examples across more than 20 health professions - Suitable for increasing IPC knowledge across all members of the multidisciplinary team. Content is pitched at different levels, with examples ranging from novice to expert - Aligned to the Australian National Infection Control Guidelines 2019 and the NSQHS Standard Preventing and Controlling Healthcare Associated Infections, as well as the nine hospital-acquired complication (HAC) HAIs addressed in specific chapters - Endorsed by the Australian College for Infection Prevention and Control (ACIPC) and the Australian Society for Infectious Diseases (ASID) - Supported by a companion text, Epidemiology of Healthcare-associated Infections in Australia, providing data on the epidemiology of healthcare-associated surveillance in Australia Instructor and Student resources on Evolve: Multiple Choice Questions Case Studies Abbreviations and Glossary Useful Websites / Resources Video-based learning materials
| Author | : European Commission. Directorate General for Research |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 196 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : AIDS (Disease) |
| ISBN | : |
Shows the projects currently financed by the European Commission's Seventh Research Framework Programme (FP7) since 2007 up to 2010, aiming at combating these three major killer diseases: HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Tuberculosis.
| Author | : World Health Organization |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2015-06-03 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9789241564823 |
In early 2013, WHO convened an expert group of scientists from 14 collaborating research institutions to update the assessment of the burden of diarrhoeal disease from inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and to reassess the effectiveness of WASH interventions. This group considered evolving and alternative methods for assessing the burden of disease and agreed on a rigorous new approach using meta-regression. In deriving the new figures, the experts incorporated the latest data on use of improved water and sanitation with minor adjustments, and drew upon the results from two new global reviews on microbial water quality and of handwashing practices specially prepared as part of this effort. This document outlines the latest research on the burden of diarrhoea related to inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). It is based on a series of articles published in the scientific literature. In bringing together current evidence on exposure to unsafe drinking-water, inadequate sanitation and hygiene, alongside the most up-to-date analysis on the health impacts of interventions, this document contributes to informed policymaking and targeting of resources. It underscores how further progress can be achieved in this unfinished global water and sanitation and health agenda.
