Geneva Conventions Of 12 August 1949 And Additional Protocols Of 8 June 1977 Ratifications Accessions And Successions
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The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) presents the text of the Geneva Conventions of August 12, 1949, as well as the protocols of June 8, 1977. The Geneva Conventions are a series of international agreements concerning the treatment of victims of war, including the treatment of prisoners of war, the protection of civilians, and the prohibition of chemical and biological weapons during war.
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Total Pages | : 38 |
Release | : 1984* |
Genre | : Geneva Conventions |
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Total Pages | : 24 |
Release | : 1981 |
Genre | : Geneva Conventions |
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Author | : New Zealand. Ministry of Foreign Affairs |
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Total Pages | : 106 |
Release | : 1993 |
Genre | : War victims |
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Author | : Theodore Richard |
Publisher | : Independently Published |
Total Pages | : 200 |
Release | : 2019-05 |
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ISBN | : 9781076804235 |
The First Additional Protocol to the Geneva Conventions ("AP I") is central to the modern law of war, widely referred to as international humanitarian law outside the United States. It updates the Geneva Conventions for protection of war victims and combines them with new or updated rules governing hostilities and the use of weapons found in the Hague Regulations Respecting the Laws and Customs of War. Due to its comprehensive nature and adoption by a majority of States, AP I is frequently cited as the source for law of war rules by attorneys and others interested in protecting humanitarian interests. The challenge for United States attorneys, however, is that their country is not a party to AP I and has been a persistent objector to many of its new rules.While the United States signed the First Additional Protocol to the Geneva Conventions in 1977, it determined, after 10 years of analysis, that it would not ratify the protocol. President Reagan called AP I "fundamentally and irreconcilably flawed."1 Yet, as will be detailed throughout this guide, United States officials have declared that aspects of AP I are customary international law. Forty years after signing AP I, and 30 years after rejecting it, the United States has never presented a comprehensive, systematic, official position on the protocol. Officials from the United States Departments of Defense and State have taken positions on particular portions of it. This guide attempts to bring those sources together in one location.
Author | : Claude Pilloud |
Publisher | : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers |
Total Pages | : 1674 |
Release | : 1987-05-07 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 9789024734603 |
Annex I is commented by Philippe Eberlin.
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Total Pages | : 160 |
Release | : 1979 |
Genre | : Combatants and noncombatants (International law) |
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Author | : Annyssa Bellal |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 369 |
Release | : 2023-02-04 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 019286890X |
The Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions remain a landmark in the development of international humanitarian law. The first two Additional Protocols were adopted by states in 1977. These protocols encompass the rules governing the treatment and protection of those in the power of an enemy, as well as the conduct of hostilities. Crucially, they address non-international armed conflicts and wars of national liberation. In 2005, a third additional protocol designating an additional distinctive humanitarian emblem was adopted in controversial circumstances. The Additional Protocols to the Geneva Conventions in Context interprets the key rules and issues of the Additional Protocols and considers their application and implementation over the past forty years. Taking a thematic approach, the book examines subjects including the protection of women, armed non-state actors, relief operations, and prohibited weapons. Each chapter discusses the pertinence of existing laws, the challenges raised by the rules in the Additional Protocols, and what more could be done to better protect civilians. This book also considers whether new technologies, such as offensive cyber operations and autonomous weapons, need new treaty rules to regulate their application in armed conflict.
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Total Pages | : 16 |
Release | : 1991 |
Genre | : War |
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Publisher | : Stationery Office/Tso |
Total Pages | : 76 |
Release | : 1999-01-01 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 9780101433822 |
The United Kingdom instrument of ratification was deposited on 28 January 1998 and the protocol entered into force for the United Kingdom on 28 July 1998. - Previously published as Miscellaneous no. 19 (1977) Cmnd 6927