Force Majeure In The Hydropower Industry
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| Author | : Daniel Constantin Diaconu |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 160 |
| Release | : 2023-03-22 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3031274024 |
This book aims to highlight the particular situation faced by certain hydropower companies by the fact that they cannot fulfil their contracts due to force majeure. The first part of this book will be an analysis of how water is used in electricity production. It is important to point out that all types of energy sources use water, to a different extent, of course, and that its spatial and temporal availability is very important. The focus will be on hydropower, presenting the current situation at the global level, and the effect of reducing the amounts of water in the river system. The second part is based on the presentation of the concept of force majeure and the ways of presenting and drafting it in a contract. Many disputes or the success of a contract depended heavily on the provisions of this article of the contract. Obviously, there are also situations in which the signatory parties abuse or are not protected by these provisions of force majeure. Starting from a few brief examples from the international level, we reach a wide discussion of the situation created in Romania, when the largest supplier of electricity produced on the basis of water terminates several contracts invoking force majeure. The manner in which the opinion of the parties involved is presented to the court is analyzed and presented in detail.
| Author | : Stephan F. Miescher |
| Publisher | : Indiana University Press |
| Total Pages | : 414 |
| Release | : 2022-07-12 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 0253059984 |
Since its construction in the early 1960s, the hydroelectric Akosombo Dam across the Volta River has exemplified the possibilities and challenges of development in Ghana. Drawing upon a wealth of sources, A Dam for Africa investigates contrasting stories about how this dam has transformed a West African nation, while providing a model for other African countries. The massive Akosombo Dam is the keystone of the Volta River Project that includes a large manmade lake 250 miles long, the VALCO aluminum smelter, new cities and towns, a deep-sea harbor, and an electrical grid. On the local level, Akosombo has meant access to electricity for people in urban and industrial areas across southern Ghana. For others, Akosombo inflicted tremendous social and environmental costs. The dam altered the ecology of the Lower Volta, displaced 80,000 people in the Volta Basin, and affected the livelihoods of hundreds of thousands of Ghanaians. In A Dam for Africa, Stephan Miescher explores four intersecting narratives: Ghanaian debates and aspirations about modernization in the context of decolonization and Cold War; international efforts of the US aluminum industry to benefit from Akosombo through cheap electricity for their VALCO smelter; local stories of upheaval and devastation in resettlement towns; and a nation-wide quest toward electrification and energy justice during times of economic crises, droughts, and climate change.
| Author | : Idfc Foundation |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 306 |
| Release | : 2016-04-08 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 1134952589 |
Today, India’s education sector remains a victim of poor policies, restrictive regulations and orthodoxy. Despite being enrolled in schools, children are not learning adequately. Increasingly, parents are seeking alternatives through private inputs in school and tuition. Students are dropping out from secondary school in spite of high financial returns of secondary education, and those who do complete it have inferior conceptual knowledge. Higher education is over-regulated and under-governed, keeping away serious private providers and reputed global institutes. Graduates from high schools, colleges and universities are not readily employable, and few are willing to pay for skill development. Ironically, the Right to Education Act, if strictly enforced, will result in closure of thousands of non-state schools, and millions of poor children will be left without access to education. Eleventh in the series, India Infrastructure Report 2012 discusses challenges in the education sector — elementary, secondary, higher, and vocational — and explores strategies for constructive change and opportunities for the private sector. It suggests that immediate steps are required to reform the sector to reap the benefits from India’s ‘demographic dividend’ due to a rise in the working age population. Result of a collective effort led by the IDFC Foundation, this Report brings together a range of perspectives from academics, researchers and practitioners committed to enhancing educational practices. It will be an invaluable resource for policymakers, researchers and corporates.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) |
| Total Pages | : 398 |
| Release | : 2016-12-22 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 8179935914 |
TERI Energy & Environment Data Diary and Yearbook (TEDDY) is an annual publication brought out by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) since 1986. It is the only comprehensive energy and environment yearbook in India which provides updated information on the energy supply sectors (coal and lignite, petroleum and natural gas, power, and renewable energy sources), energy demand sectors (agriculture, industry, transport, residential, and commercial sectors), and environment (local and global). The publication also provides a review of the government policies that have implications for these sectors of the Indian economy. Each edition of TEDDY contains India's commercial energy balances for the last four years that provide comprehensive information on energy flows within different sectors of the economy and how they have been changing over time. These energy balances and conversion factors are a valuable ready reckoner for researchers, scholars, and organizations working on energy sector. After the introductory chapters, for the ease of readers, TEDDY has been divided into sections on energy supply, energy demand, and local and global environment. Interactive graphs, figures, maps, and tables have been used throughout the chapters to explain facts, which make the book an interesting read. In addition, detailed tables at the end of each chapter represent statistical data on each of the above-mentioned sectors. The publication is accompanied by a complimentary CD containing full text. The publication has more than 15,000 readers across the globe and is often cited in international peer reviewed journals and policy documents. Key Features: Exhaustive compilation of data from energy supply and demand sectors Recent data along with data from the past years covered in the form of structured and easy-to-understand tables Recent advances made in the energy sectors Self-explanatory figures and graphs showing the latest trends in various sectors The Green Focus at the end of every chapter highlights a topical issue A complimentary CD that contains all the chapters and additional tables
| Author | : United States. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 284 |
| Release | : |
| Genre | : Power resources |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 992 |
| Release | : 1983 |
| Genre | : Electric utilities |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : The Energy Year |
| Publisher | : The Oil & Gas Year Limited |
| Total Pages | : 165 |
| Release | : 2022-04-08 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1783022388 |
“This is a country where the demand profile around resources is growing significantly. The demographics are very exciting, so we are extremely bullish on Ghana.” Wissam Al Monthiry, Managing Director, Tullow Oil Ghana The Energy Year Ghana 2022 highlights Ghana’s strategy to monetise its hydrocarbons resources and capitalise on its socioeconomic stability to become a regional petrochemicals hub and to spread the use of natural gas and LNG – altogether reinforcing the country’s potential as an emerging energy hub in West Africa. “Using natural gas as the fuel for industrial expansion is going to be the pillar of growth for socioeconomic development in the whole African continent.” Ben Asante, CEO, Ghana National Gas Company The Energy Year Ghana 2022 portrays a detailed picture of Ghana’s energy scene under President Nana Akufo-Addo’s renewed administration, focusing on the varied efforts the country is undertaking to enhance its oil and gas production, upgrade its refining capacity and push for an energy transition. This edition’s Year’s Focus chapter on oil and gas infrastructure includes an infographic detailing the petroleum hub development plans and an editorial focus on the projects, companies and service providers that are setting the groundwork for Ghana’s energy self-sufficiency. Produced in partnership with the Ministry of Energy, National Petroleum Authority and the Petroleum Commission, this fifth edition of The Energy Year’s Ghana series delivers insight to potential investors on the government’s efforts to push the energy industry forward, providing a clear picture of Ghana’s opportunities at a time when gas is the new oil and the country is driven by its pursuit of the energy transition.
| Author | : Timothy J. Brennan |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 226 |
| Release | : 2010-09-30 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 1136527036 |
Many states within the U.S., and many countries across the world, are opening their electicity markets to competition. Many others are uncertain about their plans. These differences emphasize the complexities involved in the technology and regulatory structure of the electricity industry--an industry for which the introduction of market competition has been notoriously difficult. In response to these challenges, Alternating Currents provides a timely overview and analysis of the concerns facing industry regulators, legislators, and others as they consider whether, when, and how to open electricity markets. Authors Brennan, Palmer, and Martinez offer background on the history of regulatory policy and the technology for producing and delivering electric power. They then provide insights into the policy debates and economic issues involved in eleven important topics, including industry structure, system integrity and reliability, the mitigation of market power, and environmental protection. Alternating Currents describes the recent events leading to the demise of retail competition in California with the intent on drawing lessons for the future. In the end, the authors offer their perspective about what makes electricity a unique resource and how those factors make the potential conflict between competition and reliability the most pressing of the long-term concerns about the transformation of the electric power industry.
| Author | : Charles K. Ebinger |
| Publisher | : Rowman & Littlefield |
| Total Pages | : 249 |
| Release | : 2011-08-31 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0815704313 |
Economic growth and burgeoning populations have put South Asia's energy security in a perilous state. Already energy and power shortages are stunting development in some of the region's least developed locations spurring political insurgences and social dislocation. Should this trend continue, Ebinger argues the Subcontinent will face dire economic, social and political crises. In Energy and Security in South Asia, Brookings ESI director Charles Ebinger, a long-time adviser to South Asian governments, lays out the current regional energy picture arguing that the only way to achieve sustainable energy security is through regional collaboration both within the subcontinent as well as with regional neighbors in the Middle East and Central and Southeast Asia, Dr. Ebinger commences by illustrating the present-day energy environment in each nation as well as the obstacles governments confront in addressing them. Among the issues examined are: (1) the technical strains that near double-digit economic growth are putting on India's dilapidated power infrastructure, (2) the economic costs the country is incurring by increasing reliance on the Middle East for oil and gas resources; (3) the prospects for expanded wind, solar, energy efficiency and nuclear power generation in India to help reduce the nation's growing carbon footprint as it accelerates the use of coal; (4) the implications of Pakistan's expanded use of coal; (5) an analysis of how poor energy pricing systems are bringing about an energy shortage throughout the region (6) an examination of how strains in Indo/Bengali relations threaten the construction of vital regional energy infrastructure projects; (7) a discussion of how continued political upheaval in Nepal is causing power shortages of up to 20 hours per day; and (8), an analysis of how hydropower development is fuelling Bhutan's "Gross National Happiness" campaign. In addition to individual domestic concerns, each nation shares a crisi
| Author | : Jens Hetland |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 419 |
| Release | : 2006-04-10 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1402020783 |
Jens HETLAND & Teimuraz GOCHITASHVILI In contrast to oil, natural gas is usually routed through pipeline systems stretched from the wellhead to the end-user – although liquefied natural gas (LNG) is gaining increased interest; the commercialisation of natural gas fields is inherently linked to rigid transportation systems that require huge investments in tangible assets fixed to specific locations; the supply of natural gas is constrained by the transportation system, and requires access to appropriate infrastructure for transport and distribution; the trading of natural gas is traditionally associated with long-term contracts, albeit the duration per se of gas transport contracts appears to be less important after the deregulation of the energy markets. As diversification is strategically important to modern societies, the security of energy supplies becomes an inherent issue. In order to avoid situations of shortage, and to keep the price level stable, industrial nations are paying attention to the security of energy supplies. In brief terms this means that having more than one supplier of natural gas and more than one transport route would be strategically important. This also affects political issues and international law and regulations, economics, science and technology. The purpose of this book is to address opportunities extended from science and research pertaining to the exploitation and international trading of natural gas that involves transit countries. This especially relates to the transport and handling of gas from remote regions and pipelines that are
