Examen de instrumentos económicos para la fijación de precios al carbono

Examen de instrumentos económicos para la fijación de precios al carbono
Author: Roberto G. Aiello
Publisher: Inter-American Development Bank
Total Pages: 198
Release: 2018-05-08
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

Esta asignación, denominada “Examen de instrumentos económicos para la fijación de precios al carbono”, ha sido desarrollada con el objetivo último de entregar un análisis claro y comprensivo de las principales cuestiones que deberían ser examinadas en el caso que un país eventualmente decidiera considerar la imposición de un precio al carbono en el ámbito de la economía nacional. Para esa decisión es preciso ponderar alguna de las diferentes vías para impulsar e instrumentar ese enfoque de política en el marco más amplio de la política climática de un país. En este documento se presentan algunas orientaciones sobre procedimientos para la selección preliminar, el diseño y la introducción de instrumentos de política basados en la asignación de precios al carbono en los países de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC), como un aporte a la evaluación de su conveniencia. Estas orientaciones pueden hacer parte de una reflexión en el ámbito nacional sobre la utilidad y relevancia de estos instrumentos, conforme sus circunstancias, estrategias nacionales, prioridades y orientaciones de política. Las orientaciones se presentan bajo la forma de una Guía sintética introductoria que describe la secuencia del proceso y sus principales instancias. Para ello, se delinean las principales consideraciones y decisiones relativas al diseño de los atributos clave de un programa para la aplicación de estos instrumentos y a las diferentes opciones existentes para la asignación de precios al carbono, con un énfasis especial en aquéllos correspondientes al establecimiento de impuestos al carbono y, alternativamente, a la introducción de mecanismos de comercio de derechos de emisión. La Guía reseña las razones que pudieran justificar la introducción de esos instrumentos y explora las cuestiones relativas a su diseño, su eventual aplicación y los impactos socioeconómicos esperados que entraña, para cada caso, la utilización de los diversos instrumentos alternativos que están dirigidos a la asignación de precios al carbono.También se examinan los aspectos concernientes a la redistribución de los ingresos generados al aplicar los instrumentos económicos y los diversos criterios para darle destino a esos fondos.

Fresh Tracks in the Forest: Assessing Incipient Payments for Environmental Services Initiatives in Bolivia

Fresh Tracks in the Forest: Assessing Incipient Payments for Environmental Services Initiatives in Bolivia
Author: Nina Robertson
Publisher: CIFOR
Total Pages: 152
Release: 2005-01-01
Genre: Forest policy
ISBN: 9793361816

Payments for Environmental Services (PES) are being considered worldwide with great interest and expectation. Proposals to create agreements in which beneficiaries of environmental services pay landowners directly for the provision or protection of these services are innovative and promising. But what real PES experiences are actually out there? This work assesses a range of PES or PES-type experiences in one country, Bolivia, in the fields of carbon sequestration, protection of watershed services, biodiversity and aesthetic landscape values. The report concludes that while none of the generally young initiatives adhere fully to the principle of PES as developed in the theoretical literature, many experiment with some of the relevant PES mechanisms. Protection of watersheds and landscape values are the most common types, though the implementing intermediaries often have underlying biodiversity-protection goals. Main obstacles to PES implementation include ideological resistance against the PES concept, the difficulty of building trust between buyers and sellers, and limited willingness to pay on behalf of service users. During their relatively short lifetime, basically all initiatives had been successful in making service sellers (PES recipients) better off in economic terms, while the effectiveness in achieving environmental objectives and securing positive social impacts so far remained more variable. In some cases, redesigning these initiatives to bring them closer to the full PES principles could also enable them to more effectively achieve positive environmental and livelihood outcomes.

The North American Mosaic

The North American Mosaic
Author: Commission for Environmental Cooperation (Montréal, Québec). Secretariat
Publisher:
Total Pages: 240
Release: 2001
Genre: Agriculture
ISBN:

The North American Mosaic has four overarching features. First, it is, to the extent feasible, based on comparable information on the status and trends of major indicators of the state of the environment in Canada,Mexico, and the United States. Second, the report confirms that these three countries together make up an incredibly complex, dynamic, and interconnected ecosystem in which humans play a dominant and decisive role. Third, the report raises important and sometimes disquieting questions concerning the sustainability of some current trends. Finally, the report is a reminder that our economic, social, and physical well-being are utterly dependent on the life-sustaining services provided by nature. This report emphasizes the importance of developing mutually compatible economic, social, and environmental goals and policies across the three-country region.

Glosario Del Banco Mundial

Glosario Del Banco Mundial
Author: World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 468
Release: 1996
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

This edition of the World Bank has been revised and expanded by the Terminology Unit in the Languages Services Division of the World Bank in collaboration with the English, Spanish, and French Translation Sections. The Glossary is intended to assist the Bank's translators and interpreters, other Bank staff using French and Spanish in their work, and free-lance translator's and interpreters employed by the Bank. For this reason, the Glossary contains not only financial and economic terminology and terms relating to the Bank's procedures and practices, but also terms that frequently occur in Bank documents, and others for which the Bank has a preferred equivalent. Although many of these terms, relating to such fields as agriculture, education, energy, housing, law, technology, and transportation, could be found in other sources, they have been assembled here for ease of reference. A list of acronyms occurring frequently in Bank texts (the terms to which they refer being found in the Glossary) and a list of international, regional, and national organizations will be found at the end of the Glossary.

Harnessing Farms and Forests in the Low-carbon Economy

Harnessing Farms and Forests in the Low-carbon Economy
Author: Zach Willey
Publisher: Duke University Press
Total Pages: 248
Release: 2007
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780822341680

As the United States moves to a low-carbon economy in order to combat global warming, credits for reducing carbon dioxide emissions will increasingly become a commodity that is bought and sold on the open market. Farmers and other landowners can benefit from this new economy by conducting land management practices that help sequester carbon dioxide, creating credits they can sell to industry to "offset" industrial emissions of greenhouse gases. This guide is the first comprehensive technical publication providing direction to landowners for sequestering carbon and information for traders and others who will need to verify the sequestration. It will provide invaluable direction to farmers, foresters, land managers, consultants, brokers, investors, regulators, and others interested in creating consistent, credible greenhouse gas offsets as a tradable commodity in the United States. The guide contains a non-technical section detailing methodologies for scoping of the costs and benefits of a proposed project, quantifying offsets of various sorts under a range of situations and conditions, and verifying and registering the offsets. The technical section provides specific information for quantifying, verifying, and regulating offsets from agricultural and forestry practices. Visit the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions website for audio from the press conference announcing the book. Read the press release announcing the book.

International Financial Centres

International Financial Centres
Author: Richard Roberts
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 562
Release: 1994
Genre: Central places
ISBN: 9781858981529

A collection in four volumes of writings on international financial centres, suitable for financial practitioners and students. It encompasses the moves to European financial integration, the dynamic rise of new centres, particularly in Asia and the Pacific, and challenges to existing centres.

Climate Change Policy

Climate Change Policy
Author: Michael Bothe
Publisher: Eleven International Publishing
Total Pages: 458
Release: 2005
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9077596054

This book presents the research results of an interdisciplinary study on climate change policies by the Enforcing Environmental Policy (EEP) Network, a project supported by the Human Dimension Potential Programme. Contributions are from highly qualified economic and legal specialists based at research institutes across Europe. The book gives answers to several questions related to the implementation of the international rules on climate change, most notably the Kyoto Protocol. It analyses ways and means to facilitate and encourage compliance with the objectives of the Kyoto Protocol. It is addressed to policy-makers, academics, business-sector and stakeholders throughout and outside Europe. Due to its interdisciplinary approach, this work is a distinctive and unique product compared to the existing literature on the subject. The effective implementation of climate protection and clean air policy requires an understanding of the political, legal and economic structures and constraints facing policy makers - and this is exactly what this book offers.

International Code of Conduct on Pesticide Management

International Code of Conduct on Pesticide Management
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Total Pages: 37
Release: 2018-09-03
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 9251091870

The understanding that some pesticides are more hazardous than others is well established. Recognition of this is reflected by the World Health Organization (WHO) Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard, which was first published in 1975. The document classifies pesticides in one of five hazard classes according to their acute toxicity. In 2002, the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) was introduced, which in addition to acute toxicity also provides classification of chemicals according to their chronic health hazards and environmental hazards.

Emissions Trading

Emissions Trading
Author: Thomas H. Tietenberg
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 249
Release: 2010-09-30
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 113652620X

First published in 1985, Emissions Trading was a comprehensive review of the first large-scale attempt to use economic incentives in environmental policy in the U.S. and of the empirical and theoretical research on which this approach is based. Since its publication it has consistently been one of the most widely cited works in the tradable permits literature. The second edition of this classic study of pollution reform considers how the use of transferable permits to control pollution has evolved, looks at how these programs have been implemented in the U.S. and internationally, and offers an objective evaluation of the resulting successes, failures, and lessons learned over the last twenty-five years.