Evolving English
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| Author | : David Crystal |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Books |
| ISBN | : 9780712350990 |
Summary: English is spoken or written today by a third of the world's population - an unprecedented achievement for a language. How has this situation come about? And what happens to a language when it is used by so many? In this illustrated history David Crystal charts the development of the language from the earliest runic inscriptions in old English, through the emergence of a standard variety of English between 1400 and 1800, to the most modern forms of the language in 'concrete' and 'text' poetry. In telling the story he draws on examples from English in its various guises and uses from our everyday English to English in the workplace and English used as a medium of playful and literary expression. The regional and international varieties of English are also considered. This book shows us where language is now, where it has been, and perhaps most important of all where it is heading, for the new varieties of the language appearing in world literature and on the Internet show that this is a story which is by no means over.
| Author | : Clive W. Earls |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 259 |
| Release | : 2016-02-26 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 1137543124 |
English medium-of-instruction (EMI) is transforming modern-day universities across the globe, creating increasingly complex linguistic and intercultural realities which lecturers, students and decision-makers must negotiate. Teaching subject matter at higher-education level through the medium of English, in countries where English is neither an official nor national language (e.g. the Netherlands, Germany), is a highly complex phenomenon fraught with challenges and benefits. EMI programmes are capable of transforming domestic degree programmes into platforms of intercultural teaching and learning by infusing them with greater numbers of international faculty and students. Equally however, EMI programmes pose a socio-linguistic, -cultural and -economic challenge by institutionalising English at higher-education level within a country and displacing somewhat national and minority languages. This book, the first of its kind, provides an up-to-date and empirically-informed exploration of these salient themes in Europe, based on significant empirical data gathered and analysed on the German EMI context.
| Author | : A. Fletcher |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 339 |
| Release | : 2011-04-25 |
| Genre | : Literary Criticism |
| ISBN | : 0230118380 |
Using Hamlet and a number of other popular and influential seventeenth-century tragedies as case-studies, this book shows how aesthetic experience can help organize the biological functions of our brains into adaptive social networks.
| Author | : Gretchen McCulloch |
| Publisher | : Penguin |
| Total Pages | : 337 |
| Release | : 2020-07-21 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0735210942 |
AN INSTANT NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER!! Named a Best Book of 2019 by TIME, Amazon, and The Washington Post A Wired Must-Read Book of Summer “Gretchen McCulloch is the internet’s favorite linguist, and this book is essential reading. Reading her work is like suddenly being able to see the matrix.” —Jonny Sun, author of everyone's a aliebn when ur a aliebn too Because Internet is for anyone who's ever puzzled over how to punctuate a text message or wondered where memes come from. It's the perfect book for understanding how the internet is changing the English language, why that's a good thing, and what our online interactions reveal about who we are. Language is humanity's most spectacular open-source project, and the internet is making our language change faster and in more interesting ways than ever before. Internet conversations are structured by the shape of our apps and platforms, from the grammar of status updates to the protocols of comments and @replies. Linguistically inventive online communities spread new slang and jargon with dizzying speed. What's more, social media is a vast laboratory of unedited, unfiltered words where we can watch language evolve in real time. Even the most absurd-looking slang has genuine patterns behind it. Internet linguist Gretchen McCulloch explores the deep forces that shape human language and influence the way we communicate with one another. She explains how your first social internet experience influences whether you prefer "LOL" or "lol," why ~sparkly tildes~ succeeded where centuries of proposals for irony punctuation had failed, what emoji have in common with physical gestures, and how the artfully disarrayed language of animal memes like lolcats and doggo made them more likely to spread.
| Author | : Leslie Anne Hendra |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 104 |
| Release | : 2019-01-03 |
| Genre | : Foreign Language Study |
| ISBN | : 9781108405034 |
EVOLVE is a six-level English course that gets students speaking with confidence. Drawing on insights from language teaching experts and real students, this Level 1 (CEFR A1) Student's Book A (Units 1-6) covers all skills and focuses on the most effective and efficient ways to make progress in English. Each unit in the book features Time to speak, a lesson where decision-making and problem-solving tasks enable speaking to thrive. Optional mobile phone activities help create personalized learning experiences.
| Author | : Nikola K. Kasabov |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 465 |
| Release | : 2007-08-23 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 1846283477 |
This second edition of the must-read work in the field presents generic computational models and techniques that can be used for the development of evolving, adaptive modeling systems, as well as new trends including computational neuro-genetic modeling and quantum information processing related to evolving systems. New applications, such as autonomous robots, adaptive artificial life systems and adaptive decision support systems are also covered.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : Walter de Gruyter |
| Total Pages | : 854 |
| Release | : 2008-08-22 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 3110199882 |
The Grammar of the English Tense System forms the first volume of a four-volume set, The Grammar of the English Verb Phrase. The other volumes, to appear over the next few years, will deal with mood and modality, aspect and voice. The book aims to provide a grammar of tense which can be used both as an advanced reference grammar (for example by MA-level or postgraduate students of English or linguistics) and as a scientific study which can act as a basis for and stimulus to further research. It provides not only a wealth of data but also a unique framework for the study of the English tense system, which achieves great predictive and explanatory power on the basis of a limited number of relatively simple rules. The framework provided allows for an analysis of the semantics of individual tenses which reflects the role of tenses not only in locating situations in time relative to speech time but also in relating situations in time relative to one another to form temporally coherent discourse. Attention is paid to the relations between tenses. On the one hand, we can identify sets of tenses linked to particular temporal areas such as the past or the future. These sets of tenses provide for the expression of a system of temporal relations in a stretch of discourse in which all the situations are located within the same temporal area. On the other hand, there are many contexts in which speakers might in theory choose between two or more tenses to locate a situation (e.g., when we choose between the past tense and the present perfect to locate a situation before speech time), and the book examines the difference that a choice of one or the other tense may make within a discourse context. The book moves from a detailed exploration of the meaning and use of individual tenses to a thorough analysis of the way in which tenses can be seen to function together as sets, and finally to a detailed examination of tenses in, and tenses interacting with, temporal adverbials. Original data is used frequently throughout the book to illustrate the theory discussed.
| Author | : W. Tecumseh Fitch |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 625 |
| Release | : 2010-04 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 052185993X |
This book brings together the most important insights from the vast amount of literature on the origin of language.
| Author | : David A. Baum |
| Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
| Total Pages | : 886 |
| Release | : 2017-03-21 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 069117587X |
The essential one-volume reference to evolution The Princeton Guide to Evolution is a comprehensive, concise, and authoritative reference to the major subjects and key concepts in evolutionary biology, from genes to mass extinctions. Edited by a distinguished team of evolutionary biologists, with contributions from leading researchers, the guide contains some 100 clear, accurate, and up-to-date articles on the most important topics in seven major areas: phylogenetics and the history of life; selection and adaptation; evolutionary processes; genes, genomes, and phenotypes; speciation and macroevolution; evolution of behavior, society, and humans; and evolution and modern society. Complete with more than 100 illustrations (including eight pages in color), glossaries of key terms, suggestions for further reading on each topic, and an index, this is an essential volume for undergraduate and graduate students, scientists in related fields, and anyone else with a serious interest in evolution. Explains key topics in some 100 concise and authoritative articles written by a team of leading evolutionary biologists Contains more than 100 illustrations, including eight pages in color Each article includes an outline, glossary, bibliography, and cross-references Covers phylogenetics and the history of life; selection and adaptation; evolutionary processes; genes, genomes, and phenotypes; speciation and macroevolution; evolution of behavior, society, and humans; and evolution and modern society
| Author | : Ron Legarski |
| Publisher | : SolveForce |
| Total Pages | : 900 |
| Release | : 2024-09-05 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : |
The Art of Definition: Crafting Words for Clear Communication is a comprehensive exploration into the world of definitions, delving into the subtle art and rigorous science behind defining terms with precision and clarity. In an age where language is both powerful and rapidly evolving, this book serves as a guide for anyone seeking to enhance their communication skills through the careful crafting of definitions. From legal terminology and scientific concepts to everyday language and cultural expressions, definitions form the foundation of how we convey meaning. This book provides readers with practical tools and strategies for writing effective definitions across a wide range of fields, demonstrating the pivotal role that well-crafted definitions play in ensuring accurate communication. By examining real-world examples, case studies, and different types of definitions—lexical, operational, stipulative, and more—The Art of Definition offers a detailed roadmap for understanding the complexities of language. Whether you are a student, professional, or simply someone intrigued by language, this book takes you on a journey into the heart of how definitions shape our understanding of the world. It also explores the challenges of defining abstract concepts, the importance of context, and the impact of definitions on knowledge across disciplines. With clear explanations and hands-on exercises, The Art of Definition empowers readers to craft definitions that enhance clarity, minimize ambiguity, and improve overall communication. By unlocking the techniques of definition writing, this book offers readers the ability to elevate their writing, their professional discourse, and their understanding of the world around them.
